Shredder hammers including improved engagement between the hammer pin and the hammer

• US 8,308,094 B2
• Filed: 02/26/2010
• Issued: 11/13/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 02/26/2009
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: ESCO Group LLC (WEIR Group PLC)
• Original Assignee: ESCO Corporation (WEIR Group PLC)
• Inventors: Hoice, John P., Morgan, Lonny V., Morrow, Daniel R., Graf, David M., Briscoe, Terry L.
• Primary Examiner(s): Francis, Faye
• Application Number:
  US12/713,825
• Publication Number:
  US 20100213301A1
• Time in Patent Office: 991 Days
• Field of Search: 241/194, 241/195, 241/73
• US Class Current: 241/194
• CPC Class Codes: B02C 13/04 with beaters hinged to the rotor; Hammer mills
• CPC Class Codes: B02C 13/28 Shape or construction of beater elements
• CPC Class Codes: B02C 2013/2808 the beater elements are attached to disks mounted on a shaft

Abstract

Shredder hammers include a hammer pin opening in which at least some portion of the interior surface is curved in a direction moving from one major surface of the shredder hammer to the other. This interior surface may be smoothly formed as an arc of a circle, as a parabola, as a hyperbola, or as another curved surface, with the local extrema within the interior of the hole (e.g., at or near the center). Providing the curved interior surface helps vary and disperse the locations where force is absorbed due to contact between the hammer pin and the walls defining the hammer pin opening when the shredding hammer blade contacts the material to be shredded. Other structures include engagement between the hammer pin and the hammer as part of a bushing member, a spool or sleeve member, or a ball swivel member.

Claims

1. A shredder hammer, comprising:

a hammer body including a hammer mounting portion and a hammer blade portion, wherein the hammer mounting portion includes a mount opening defined therein that extends from a first major surface of the hammer body to a second major surface of the hammer body, wherein a pin mounting surface is provided within the mount opening for engaging a hammer pin, wherein at least a portion of the pin mounting surface is convex, and wherein at least some of the portion of the pin mounting surface that is convex is continually curved throughout an overall thickness of the hammer body between the first and second major surfaces at the mount opening and is located at least along a half of the hammer pin receiving opening located farthest away from the hammer blade portion.

2. A shredder hammer according to claim 1, wherein the pin mounting surface is formed directly in an interior surface of the mount opening of the hammer body.

3. A shredder hammer according to claim 2, further comprising:

a spool member at least partially received within the mount opening, wherein the spool member includes a hammer pin mounting opening defined therethrough and an exterior surface that engages the interior surface of the mount opening.

4. A shredder hammer according to claim 3, wherein at least a portion of the exterior surface of the spool member that engages the interior surface of the mount opening is continually curved in a longitudinal direction of the spool member.

5. A shredder hammer according to claim 1, further comprising:

a bushing member received in the mount opening, wherein an interior surface of the bushing member constitutes the pin mounting surface.

6. A shredder hammer according to claim 5, wherein at least a portion of the pin mounting surface is continually curved from a first end of the bushing member to a second end of the bushing member.

7. A shredder hammer according to claim 5, wherein the bushing member is fixedly engaged with the hammer body at least partially within the mount opening.

8. A shredder hammer according to claim 1, wherein the convex portion of the pin mounting surface is completely located in a half of the hammer pin receiving opening located farthest away from the hammer blade portion.

9. A shredder hammer according to claim 1, wherein at least a portion of the pin mounting surface located within a half of the mount opening located nearest to the hammer blade portion is not continually curved in the direction from the first major surface to the second major surface.

10. A shredder hammer according to claim 1, wherein the convex portion of the pin mounting surface includes a first region having a cross section of an arc of a circle, wherein the circle has a radius R₁ corresponding to the formula 0.5≦

R₁/T≦

4, wherein T is a smallest thickness dimension of the shredder hammer at the mount opening.

11. A shredder hammer according to claim 1, wherein the convex portion of the pin mounting surface includes:

(a) a central region having a cross section of an arc of a first circle, wherein the first circle has a radius R₁ corresponding to the formula 0.5≦

R₁/T≦

4, wherein T is a smallest thickness dimension of the shredder hammer at the mount opening, (b) a first end region at a first end of the central region, the first end region having a cross section of an arc of a second circle having a radius R₂, wherein R₂ is in the range of 0.05R₁ to 0.5R₁, and (c) a second end region at a second end of the central region, the second end region having a cross section of an arc of a third circle having a radius R₃, wherein R₃ is in the range of 0.05R₁ to 0.5R₁, and wherein R₃ may be the same as or different from R₂.

12. A shredder hammer according to claim 11, wherein R₃ is the same as R₂.

13. A shredder hammer according to claim 1, wherein the convex portion of the pin mounting surface includes a local extrema located within a central 30% of the overall thickness of the hammer body at the mount opening.

14. A shredder hammer according to claim 1, wherein the convex portion of the pin mounting surface includes a local extrema located at a center of the overall thickness of the hammer body at the mount opening.

15. A shredder hammer according to claim 1, wherein the convex portion of the pin mounting surface is located at a position corresponding to a primary load bearing portion of the pin mounting surface when the shredder hammer is rotated on a rotary shredding head.

16. A shredder hammer according to claim 1, wherein the convex portion of the pin mounting surface is continually curved in a direction from the first major surface toward the second major surface, and wherein the pin mounting surface includes a portion that is not continually curved in the direction from the first major surface to the second major surface.

17. A shredder hammer according to claim 1, wherein the hammer body is constructed, as least in part, from a steel material that experiences upsetting in response to repeated impact forces.

18. A shredder hammer according to claim 1, wherein the hammer body is constructed, as least in part, from a steel material having a manganese alloy content in a range from 10-20% by weight.

19. A shredder hammer according to claim 1, wherein the hammer body is constructed, as least in part, from a steel material having a manganese alloy content of 11 to 14% by weight.

20. A shredder hammer according to claim 1, wherein the hammer body is constructed, as least in part, from Hadfield manganese steel.

21. A shredder hammer, comprising:

a hammer body including a hammer mounting portion and a hammer blade portion, wherein the hammer mounting portion includes a mount opening defined therein that extends from a first major surface of the hammer body to a second major surface of the hammer body, wherein a pin mounting surface is provided within the mount opening for engaging a hammer pin, wherein at least a portion of the pin mounting surface is convex, wherein at least some of the portion of the pin mounting surface that is convex is located within a central 90% of an overall thickness of the hammer body between the first and second major surfaces at the mount opening, and wherein the convex portion of the pin mounting surface includes a plurality of flat, non-parallel surfaces, wherein each flat surface within a central 50% of the overall thickness of the hammer body at the mount opening is joined to its adjacent flat surface at an obtuse angle.

22. A shredder hammer according to claim 21, wherein the convex portion of the pin mounting surface includes from 3 to 40 flat, non-parallel surfaces.

24. A shredder hammer according to claim 21, wherein at least some of the portion of the pin mounting surface that is convex is located at least along a half of the hammer pin receiving opening located farthest away from the hammer blade portion.

23. A shredder hammer, comprising:

a hammer body including a hammer mounting portion and a hammer blade portion, wherein the hammer mounting portion includes a mount opening defined therein that extends from a first major surface of the hammer body to a second major surface of the hammer body; and

a pin engaging member received in the mount opening, wherein the pin engaging member includes an exterior surface that engages the mount opening, and wherein the pin engaging member defines a hammer pin receiving opening including an interior surface for receiving a pin, wherein the pin engaging member includes a ball swivel, wherein the ball swivel is rotatable within the mount opening of the hammer body.