Anisotropic texture filtering with texture data prefetching

• US 8,310,497 B2
• Filed: 03/15/2012
• Issued: 11/13/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 04/25/2008
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Activision Publishing Incorporated (Microsoft Corporation)
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Comparan, Miguel, Mejdrich, Eric Oliver, Muff, Adam James, Tubbs, Matthew Ray
• Primary Examiner(s): Wu, Xiao M.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Tseng, Charles
• Application Number:
  US13/421,169
• Publication Number:
  US 20120169755A1
• Time in Patent Office: 243 Days
• Field of Search: 345582-588
• US Class Current: 345/582
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 15/04 Texture mapping
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2200/12 involving antialiasing

Abstract

A circuit arrangement and method utilize texture data prefetching to prefetch texture data used by an anisotropic filtering algorithm. In particular, stride-based prefetching may be used to prefetch texture data for use in anisotropic filtering, where the value of the stride, or difference between successive accesses, is based upon a distance in a memory address space between sample points taken along the line of anisotropy used in an anisotropic filtering algorithm.

Claims

1. A circuit arrangement, comprising:

a memory storage element; and

processing logic coupled to the memory storage element and configured to perform anisotropic filtering using a texture including texture data stored in a memory address space and defined in a coordinate system having u and v axes, the processing logic configured to determine a line of anisotropy for the texture by determining lengths au and av respectively representative of distances in texels of the line of anisotropy along the u and v axes, determine a plurality of sample points along a line of anisotropy for the texture, wherein the plurality of sample points includes n sample points, determine a length ulen representative of a distance in texels between a first sample point and a second sample point of the plurality of sample points along the u axis, wherein the length ulen is based upon a length au of the line of anisotropy along the u axis divided by (n−

1), determine a length vlen representative of a distance in texels between the first sample point and the second sample point along the v axis, wherein the length vlen is based upon a length av of the line of anisotropy along the v axis divided by (n−

1), and the processing logic further configured to initiate a prefetch of texture data for a sample point among the plurality of sample points into the memory storage element using a stride value representative of a distance in the memory address space between sample points in the texture, wherein the stride value is based at least in part on the first length ulen and the length vlen, a width Uw of the texture in texels along the u axis and a data size D for each texel as follows;

stride=vlen*(Uw*D)+ulen*D.

2. The circuit arrangement of claim 1, wherein the memory storage element comprises at least one of a register and a buffer.

3. The circuit arrangement of claim 1, wherein the memory storage element comprises a cache.

4. The circuit arrangement of claim 3, wherein the processing logic comprises prefetch logic coupled to the cache and configured to initiate the prefetch of texture data into the cache.

5. The circuit arrangement of claim 4, wherein the prefetch logic includes stride detection logic configured to detect the stride value by tracking memory accesses.

6. The circuit arrangement of claim 4, wherein the prefetch logic is responsive to a dedicated instruction including at least one texture parameter, and wherein the prefetch logic is configured to calculate the stride value based upon the at least one texture parameter.

7. The circuit arrangement of claim 4, wherein the prefetch logic includes a stride register configured to be loaded with the stride value responsive to program code executed by the processing logic.

8. The circuit arrangement of claim 3, wherein the processing logic is configured to initiate the prefetch of texture data into the cache responsive to program code executed by the processing logic.

9. The circuit arrangement of claim 1, wherein the processing logic is configured to load the prefetched texture data into a working register in response to anisotropic filtering program code executed by the processing logic, and wherein the processing logic is configured to initiate the prefetch of the texture data before an attempt is made to load the texture data into the working register by the anisotropic filtering program code.

10. The circuit arrangement of claim 9, wherein the processing logic is configured to calculate a sample value for the sample point by applying a filter to the prefetched texture data in response to the anisotropic filtering program code.

11. The circuit arrangement of claim 10, wherein the processing logic is configured to apply at least one of a bilinear filter and a trilinear filter to the prefetched texture data.

12. The circuit arrangement of claim 10, wherein the sample point is a first sample point, and wherein the processing logic is configured to initiate a prefetch of texture data for a second sample point among the plurality of sample points before completing the calculation of the sample value for the first sample point.

13. The circuit arrangement of claim 10, wherein the processing logic is configured to calculate a sample value for each of the plurality of sample points, and average the sample values for the plurality of sample points.

14. An integrated circuit device including the circuit arrangement of claim 1.

15. A program product comprising a recordable computer readable medium and logic definition program code resident on the computer readable medium and defining the circuit arrangement of claim 1.

16. A method of performing anisotropic texture filtering using a texture including texture data stored in a memory address space and defined in a coordinate system having u and v axes, the method comprising:

determining a line of anisotropy for the texture, including determining lengths au and av respectively representative of distances in texels of the line of anisotropy along the u and v axes;

determining a plurality of sample points along a line of anisotropy for the texture, wherein the plurality of sample points includes n sample points;

determining a length ulen representative of a distance in texels between a first sample point and a second sample point of the plurality of sample points along the u axis, wherein the length ulen is based upon a length au of the line of anisotropy along the u axis divided by (n−

1);

determining a length vlen representative of a distance in texels between the first sample point and the second sample point along the v axis, wherein the length vlen is based upon a length av of the line of anisotropy along the v axis divided by (n−

1);

determining a stride value representative of a distance in the memory address space between sample points in the texture based at least in part on the first length ulen and the length vlen, a width Uw of the texture in texels along the u axis and a data size D for each texel as follows;

stride=vlen*(Uw*D)+ulen*D;

initiating a prefetch of texture data for a sample point among the plurality of sample points using the stride value; and

performing anisotropic filtering using the prefetched texture data.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein determining the stride value includes determining a distance in the memory address space between adjacent sample points in the texture.

18. The method of claim 16, wherein initiating the prefetch of texture data includes initiating the prefetch of the texture data into a memory storage element selected from the group consisting of a register, a buffer, and a cache.

19. The method of claim 16, wherein determining the stride value is performed by prefetch logic configured to track memory accesses and determine the stride value based upon the tracked memory accesses.

20. The method of claim 16, wherein determining the stride value is performed by prefetch logic responsive to a dedicated instruction including at least one texture parameter, and wherein the prefetch logic is configured to calculate the stride value based upon the at least one texture parameter.

21. The method of claim 16, wherein determining the stride value is performed by prefetch logic including a stride register configured to be loaded with the stride value.

22. The method of claim 16, further comprising attempting to load the prefetched texture data into a working register in response to anisotropic filtering program code, wherein initiating the prefetch of the texture data is performed before an attempt is made to load the texture data into the working register by the anisotropic filtering program code.

23. The method of claim 22, wherein the sample point is a first sample point, the method further comprising:

calculating a sample value for the first sample point by applying a filter to the prefetched texture data in response to the anisotropic filtering program code; and

initiating a prefetch of texture data for a second sample point among the plurality of sample points before completing the calculation of the sample value for the first sample point.

24. The method of claim 23, further comprising:

calculating a sample value for each of the plurality of sample points; and

averaging the sample values for the plurality of sample points.