Switched active bias control and power-on sequencing circuit for an amplifier

• US 8,319,560 B2
• Filed: 10/01/2010
• Issued: 11/27/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 10/05/2009
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Hittite Microwave, LLC (Analog Devices, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Hittite Microwave Corporation (Analog Devices, Inc.)
• Inventors: Kocer, Fatih, Eken, Yalcin Alper, Celik, Abdullah, Katzin, Peter
• Primary Examiner(s): Nguyen, Khanh V
• Application Number:
  US12/924,686
• Publication Number:
  US 20110090014A1
• Time in Patent Office: 788 Days
• Field of Search: 330/285, 330/296, 330/297, 330/51, 327/538
• US Class Current: 330/296
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/305 in case of switching on or off of a power supply
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/3205 in field-effect transistor amplifiers
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/24 of transmitter output stages

Abstract

An active bias control circuit for an amplifier includes a switch responsive to a supply voltage for providing an input current to the input of the amplifier, and a current sense circuit coupled to the switch for sensing a scaled down replica of the input current to the amplifier. A first amplifier control circuit is responsive to the current sense circuit for adjusting a first control voltage to the amplifier in response to the sensed, scaled down replica of the input current to regulate the input current to the amplifier. Circuitry for power up sequencing an amplifier for an active bias control circuit for the amplifier is also disclosed.

Claims

1. An active bias control circuit for an amplifier, comprising:

a switch including a switching transistor responsive to a supply voltage for providing an input current to the input of the amplifier;

a level shifter for biasing the switching transistor;

a current sense circuit coupled to the switch for sensing a scaled down replica of the input current to the amplifier; and

a first amplifier control circuit responsive to the current sense circuit for adjusting a first control voltage to the amplifier in response to the sensed, scaled down replica of the input current to regulate the input current to the amplifier.

2. The active bias control circuit of claim 1 in which the sense circuit includes a sensing transistor having its control terminal coupled to the control terminal of the switching transistor for providing the scaled down replica of the input current to the amplifier.

3. The active bias control circuit of claim 2 in which the current sense circuit further includes a sense resistor responsive to the sensing transistor for providing a voltage corresponding to the scaled down replica of the input current to the amplifier.

4. The active bias control circuit of claim 3 further including:

a feedback amplifier having its inputs coupled to the drains of the switching and sensing transistors, and

a transistor coupled between the sensing transistor and the sense resistor and having a control terminal responsive to an output of the feedback amplifier for improving the current scaling accuracy of the switching and sensing transistors.

5. The active bias control circuit of claim 2 further including:

a feedback amplifier having its inputs coupled to the drains of the switching and sensing transistors,

the first amplifier control circuit responsive to the feedback amplifier for adjusting the first control voltage to the amplifier in response to the sensed, scaled down replica of the input current to regulate the input current to the amplifier.

6. The active bias control circuit of claim 1 further including a second amplifier control circuit for adjusting a second control voltage to the amplifier.

7. The active bias control circuit of claim 1 further including a low dropout regulator including an error amplifier responsive to a reference voltage, and a pass transistor responsive to the error amplifier for providing the supply voltage to the switch.

8. The active bias control circuit of claim 7, in which the pass transistor, the low dropout regulator and the sense circuit are located on an integrated circuit.

9. The active bias control circuit of claim 7, in which the low dropout regulator and the sense circuit are located on an integrated circuit and the pass transistor is located external to the integrated circuit.

10. The active bias control circuit of claim 1 further including one or more additional switching transistors each coupled to the switching transistor and responsive to the supply voltage for providing an input current to the input of the amplifier.

11. The active bias control circuit of claim 2 further including one or more additional sensing transistors each coupled to the sensing transistor and responsive to the supply voltage for providing the scaled down replica of the input current to the amplifier.

12. The active bias control circuit of claim 11 further including one or more additional switching transistors each coupled to the switching transistor and responsive to the supply voltage for providing an input current to the input of the amplifier.

13. The active bias control circuit of claim 1, in which the amplifier control circuit is configured to provide either a positive or negative control voltage.

14. The active bias control circuit of claim 1, in which the amplifier control circuit is configured to provide either a positive or negative control voltage.

15. The active bias control circuit of claim 2, in which the switching and sensing transistors are FET transistors.

16. The active bias control circuit of claim 2, in which the switching and sensing transistors are on a same integrated circuit and have one or more matched characteristics.

17. The active bias control circuit of claim 16, in which the matched characteristics reduce the sensitivity of performance of the active bias control circuit to variations of process, temperature, and voltage.

18. The active bias control circuit of claim 1, in which active devices of the active bias control circuit are on an integrated circuit chip, and in which the amplifier control circuit is configured to:

provide a control voltage for an amplifier including either an enhancement mode or depletion mode device,

operate using a negative voltage supply generated either by the integrated circuit chip or externally, and/or

provide either a fixed control voltage or adjust the control voltage in response to a determined input current to keep the input current to the amplifier constant.

19. The active bias control circuit of claim 1, further including a control circuit configured to enable the active bias control circuit.

20. The active bias control circuit of claim 19, in which the control circuit is configured to:

control a control voltage of the amplifier to bring the amplifier control voltage below pinch off;

generate a first enable signal to enable input current to flow to the amplifier;

generate a second enable signal when the supply voltage is stabilized; and

in response to the second enable signal, increase the control voltage to achieve a predetermined amplifier input current.

21. The active bias control circuit of claim 20 in which the amplifier control circuit is disposed on an integrated circuit chip and is configured externally by user accessible pins connected to the integrated circuit chip.

22. The active bias control circuit of claim 20 in which the control circuit is configured to generate a trigger out signal after the predetermined amplifier input current is achieved.

23. The active bias control circuit of claim 21 in which the first enable signal turns on a switch to enable the input current to flow to the amplifier.

24. The active bias control circuit of claim 20 in which the second enable signal turns on an amplifier control circuit to stabilize the supply input current.

25. The active bias control circuit of claim 20 in which the control circuit is further configured to generate a trigger out signal with the second enable signal.

26. The active bias control circuit of claim 20 in which the active bias control circuit is placed in a standby mode if a negative voltage input to the active bias control circuit is shorted to ground.

27. The active bias control circuit of claim 20 in which the active bias control circuit is placed in a standby mode if a supply terminal of the amplifier is shorted to ground.

28. An active bias control circuit for a plurality of amplifiers, comprising:

a plurality of bias control circuits each responsive to a supply voltage and each one corresponding to an amplifier, each control circuit including;

a switch responsive to the supply voltage for providing an input current to the corresponding amplifier;

a current sense circuit coupled to the switch for sensing a scaled down replica of the input current to the corresponding amplifier; and

an amplifier control circuit for providing a control voltage to the corresponding amplifier and adjusting the control voltage in response to the sensed scaled down replica of the input current to regulate the input current to the corresponding amplifier.

29. An active bias control circuit for a plurality of amplifiers, comprising:

a plurality of bias control circuits each responsive to a corresponding supply voltage and each one corresponding to an amplifier, each control circuit including;

a switch responsive to the corresponding supply voltage for providing an input current to the corresponding amplifier;

a current sense circuit coupled to the switch for sensing a scaled down replica of the input current to the corresponding amplifier; and

an amplifier control circuit for providing a control voltage to the corresponding amplifier and adjusting the control voltage in response to the sensed scaled down replica of the input current to regulate the input current to the corresponding amplifier.

30. An active bias control circuit for an amplifier, comprising:

a low dropout regulator for providing a regulated voltage;

a switch responsive to the low dropout regulator and providing an input current to the amplifier;

a current sense circuit responsive to the low dropout regulator for sensing a scaled down replica of the input current to the amplifier; and

an amplifier control circuit for providing a control voltage to the amplifier and adjusting the control voltage in response to the sensed scaled down replica of the input current to regulate the input current to the amplifier.

31. An active bias control circuit for a plurality of amplifiers, comprising:

a low dropout regulator for providing a regulated voltage;

a plurality of bias control circuits each one corresponding to an amplifier, each control circuit including;

a switch responsive to the low dropout regulator for providing an input current to the corresponding amplifier;

a current sense circuit responsive to the low dropout regulator for sensing a scaled down replica of the input current to the corresponding amplifier; and

an amplifier control circuit for providing a control voltage to the corresponding amplifier and adjusting the control voltage in response to the sensed scaled down replica of the input current to regulate the input current to the corresponding amplifier.

32. The active bias control circuit of claim 31 in which the low dropout regulator includes an error amplifier responsive to a reference voltage, and a pass transistor responsive to the error amplifier.

33. The active bias control circuit of claim 32, in which the pass transistor is located on-chip with the low dropout regulator.

34. The active bias control circuit of claim 32, in which the pass transistor is located external to a chip.

35. An active bias control circuit for an amplifier, comprising:

a switch including a switching transistor responsive to a supply voltage for providing an input current to the input of the amplifier;

a current sense circuit coupled to the switch for sensing a scaled down replica of the input current to the amplifier, the sense circuit including a sensing transistor having its control terminal coupled to the control terminal of the switching transistor for providing the scaled down replica of the input current to the amplifier; and

a first amplifier control circuit responsive to the current sense circuit for adjusting a first control voltage to the amplifier in response to the sensed, scaled down replica of the input current to regulate the input current to the amplifier.

36. The active bias control circuit of claim 35 further including:

a feedback amplifier having its inputs coupled to the drains of the switching and sensing transistors; and

a transistor coupled between the sensing transistor and the sense resistor and having a control terminal responsive to an output of the feedback amplifier for improving the current scaling accuracy of the switching and sensing transistors.

37. The active bias control circuit of claim 35 further including:

a feedback amplifier having its inputs coupled to the drains of the switching and sensing transistors, the first amplifier control circuit responsive to the feedback amplifier for adjusting the first control voltage to the amplifier in response to the sensed, scaled down replica of the input current to regulate the input current to the amplifier.

38. The active bias control circuit of claim 35 further including one or more additional sensing transistors each coupled to the sensing transistor and responsive to the supply voltage for providing the scaled down replica of the input current to the amplifier.

39. The active bias control circuit of claim 35, in which the switching and sensing transistors are FET transistors.

40. The active bias control circuit of claim 35, in which the switching and sensing transistors are on a same integrated circuit and have one or more matched characteristics.