Method and apparatus for monitoring and controlling peritoneal dialysis therapy

• US 8,323,231 B2
• Filed: 12/28/2006
• Issued: 12/04/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 02/10/2000
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Baxter International Inc.
• Original Assignee: Baxter International Inc.
• Inventors: Childers, Robert Warren, Eerlingen, Vital, Balteau, Patrick, Belongie, Duane
• Primary Examiner(s): Sirmons, Kevin C.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Anderson, Michael J
• Application Number:
  US11/617,543
• Publication Number:
  US 20070135758A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,168 Days
• Field of Search: 604/30, 604/29, 604/111, 604/31, 604 65- 67, 604/131, 417/477.2
• US Class Current: 604/30
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/154 with sensing means or components thereof
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/155 with treatment-fluid pumping means or components thereof
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/1562 Details of incorporated reservoirs
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/1565 Details of valves
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/159 specially adapted for peritoneal dialysis
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/28 Peritoneal dialysis ; Other peritoneal treatment, e.g. oxygenation
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/281 Instillation other than by gravity
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/282 Operational modes
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/285 Catheters therefor
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/123 with incorporated reservoirs
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/128 with incorporated valves
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/17 with redundant control systems
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3331 Pressure; Flow
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3344 Measuring or controlling pressure at the body treatment site
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3351 Controlling upstream pump pressure
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3355 Controlling downstream pump pressure
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/14224 Diaphragm type

Abstract

A peritoneal dialysis system includes: (i) a fluid cassette including diaphragm operated first and second pump chambers; (ii) a first pressure sensor operable with the first pump chamber; (iii) a second pressure sensor operable with the second pump chamber; and (iv) a to-patient port of the cassette in fluid communication with the first and second pump chambers, wherein the first pressure sensor is located between the first pump chamber and the to-patient port and the second pressure sensor is located between the second pump chamber and the to-patient port.

Claims

1. A peritoneal dialysis system comprising:

a first pump actuator;

a second pump actuator;

first and second diaphragm pump chambers operable with the first and second pump actuators, respectively, each first and second pump chamber including a dialysis fluid compartment for receiving a dialysis fluid to be delivered to a patient line;

a pressure sensor located at a conduit upstream or downstream from one of the first and second pump chambers, the conduit in communication with the dialysis fluid compartment of the first or second pump chamber, the pressure sensor sensing a pressure of a dialysis fluid in the conduit, the patient line in fluid communication with the dialysis fluid compartment via the conduit, the conduit opened and closed via a dialysis fluid valve; and

wherein the system is configured to receive a signal from the pressure sensor and use the signal to modify a peritoneal dialysis treatment from a planned peritoneal dialysis treatment performed by the system to avoid an alarm condition.

2. The peritoneal dialysis system of claim 1, wherein the pressure sensor is positioned to sense the dialysis fluid pressure exerted on a diaphragm of the first pump chamber.

3. The peritoneal dialysis system of claim 1, which includes a second pressure sensor located at a second conduit and at a position upstream or downstream from the other of the first and second pump chambers, the second conduit in communication with the dialysis fluid compartment of the other pump chamber, the second conduit opened and closed via a second dialysis fluid valve.

4. The peritoneal dialysis system of claim 3, wherein the second pressure sensor is positioned to sense a pressure on a diaphragm of the second pump chamber.

5. The peritoneal dialysis system of claim 3, the patient line being a patient outlet line, and which includes a patient inlet line in fluid communication with the second fluid valve.

6. The peritoneal dialysis system of claim 1, which includes an additional fluid valve placed between the first pump chamber and a dialysate source.

20. The peritoneal dialysis system of claim 1, wherein the conduit is part of a dialysis fluid cassette, the cassette including the first and second diaphragm pump chambers.

22. The peritoneal dialysis system of claim 1, wherein the planned peritoneal dialysis treatment is modified to append a planned patient fill.

7. A peritoneal dialysis system comprising:

a first diaphragm operated pump chamber;

a second diaphragm operated pump chamber;

a first pressure sensor positioned at a first conduit and upstream or downstream from the first pump chamber, the first conduit in communication with a dialysis fluid compartment of the first pump chamber, the first pressure sensor sensing a pressure of a dialysis fluid in the first conduit;

a second pressure sensor positioned at a second conduit upstream or downstream from the second pump chamber, the second conduit in communication with a dialysis fluid compartment of the second pump chamber, the second pressure sensor sensing a pressure of a dialysis fluid in the second conduit; and

wherein the system is configured to receive a signal from at least one of the pressure sensors and use the at least one signal to modify a peritoneal dialysis treatment from a programmed peritoneal dialysis treatment performed by the system to avoid an alarm condition.

8. The peritoneal dialysis system of claim 7, wherein the first and second pump chambers are configured for two-way pumping.

9. The peritoneal dialysis system of claim 7, wherein the fluid pressure exerted on one of the diaphragms and sensed by one of the sensors is a from-patient fluid pressure and the fluid pressure exerted on the other diaphragm and sensed by the other pressure sensor is a to-patient fluid pressure.

10. The peritoneal dialysis system of claim 7, wherein the first and second diaphragm operated pump chambers are part of a fluid cassette.

21. The peritoneal dialysis system of claim 7, wherein the first and second conduits are part of a dialysis fluid cassette.

23. The peritoneal dialysis system of claim 7, wherein the programmed peritoneal dialysis treatment is modified to append a programmed patient fill.

11. A peritoneal dialysis system comprising:

a dialysis fluid cassette including a diaphragm operated pump chamber;

a cycler positioned and arranged to apply a positive and a negative pressure to the diaphragm operated pump chamber;

a pressure sensor housed by the cycler and operating with the dialysis fluid cassette, wherein dialysis fluid before entering or after leaving the pump chamber flows through a conduit and across the pressure sensor; and

wherein the cycler is configured to receive a signal from the pressure sensor and use the signal to modify a treatment from a planned peritoneal dialysis treatment to ensure that a pressure of the fluid inside a patient (“

IPP”

) does not exceed a pressure limit.

12. The peritoneal dialysis system of claim 11, which is configured to limit a fill volume to the patient based on the pressure limit.

13. The peritoneal dialysis system of claim 11, which is configured to allow the pump chamber to pump fluid to the patient until the IPP reaches the pressure limit.

14. The peritoneal dialysis system of claim 11, the cycler configured to relate IPP to a head height of the patient.

15. The peritoneal dialysis system of claim 11, the cycler configured to calculate a head height of the patient based on multiple signals from the pressure sensor.

24. The peritoneal dialysis system of claim 11, wherein the planned peritoneal dialysis treatment is modified to append a planned patient fill.

16. A peritoneal dialysis system comprising:

a dialysis fluid cassette including diaphragm operated first and second pump chambers;

a first pressure sensor located downstream from the first pump chamber;

a second pressure sensor located upstream from the second pump chamber;

a dialysis fluid inlet port of the cassette in fluid communication with the first pump chamber;

a to-patient port of the cassette in fluid communication with the first pump chamber; and

wherein the first pressure sensor is located to sense dialysis fluid flowing between the dialysis fluid inlet port and the to-patient port and the second pressure sensor is located to sense dialysis fluid flowing into the second pump chamber; and

a cycler configured to use signals from the first and second pressure sensors to adjust a programmed peritoneal dialysis treatment to avoid an alarm condition.

17. The peritoneal dialysis system of claim 16, which includes a plurality of valves located between the dialysis fluid inlet port and the to-patient port, the first pressure sensor located to sense dialysis fluid flowing between the plurality of valves.

18. The peritoneal dialysis system of claim 17, wherein the plurality of valves each operate with a diaphragm of the cassette.

19. The peritoneal dialysis system of claim 16, wherein the first and second pressure sensors operate with a diaphragm of the cassette.

25. The peritoneal dialysis system of claim 16, wherein the programmed peritoneal dialysis treatment is adjusted to append a programmed patient fill.