Hemodialysis system having clamping mechanism for peristaltic pumping

• US 8,323,492 B2
• Filed: 08/19/2011
• Issued: 12/04/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 10/24/2007
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Baxter Healthcare SA (Baxter International Inc.), Baxter International Inc.
• Original Assignee: Baxter Healthcare SA (Baxter International Inc.), Baxter International Inc.
• Inventors: Childers, Robert W., Kelly, Thomas D., Roger, Rodolfo
• Primary Examiner(s): DRODGE, JOSEPH W
• Application Number:
  US13/213,727
• Publication Number:
  US 20120031826A1
• Time in Patent Office: 473 Days
• Field of Search: 210/134, 210/137, 210/258, 210/321.6, 210/321.71, 210/321.72, 210/637, 210645-647, 604/4.01, 604/5.01, 604/6.01, 604/6.09, 604/29, 248/222.11, 248/222.12, 248/222.13, 248/682, 248/689, 248/690, 417/63, 417/477.2
• US Class Current: 210/258
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/14 Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators semi-permeable membranes characterised by the material, manufacturing processes therefor B01D71/00; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/1524 the interface providing means for actuating on functional elements of the cassette, e.g. plungers
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/153 the cassette being adapted for heating or cooling the treating fluid, e.g. the dialysate or the treating gas
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/155 with treatment-fluid pumping means or components thereof
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/1561 at least one cassette surface or portion thereof being flexible, e.g. the cassette having a rigid base portion with preformed channels and being covered with a foil
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/15625 the reservoirs acting as balance chambers
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/1565 Details of valves
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/16 with membranes
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/1601 Control or regulation
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/1605 Physical characteristics of the dialysate fluid
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/1621 Constructional aspects thereof semi-permeable membranes for separation processes characterised by their properties B01D69/00; semi permeable membranes characterised by their material B01D71/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/1635 with volume chamber balancing devices between used and fresh dialysis fluid
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/1649 with pulsatile dialysis fluid flow
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/166 Heating for sterilisation A61M1/1686
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/168 Sterilisation or cleaning before or after use
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/1686 by heat
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/1688 with recirculation of the sterilising fluid
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/28 Peritoneal dialysis ; Other peritoneal treatment, e.g. oxygenation
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/281 Instillation other than by gravity
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3465 using dialysate as substitution fluid
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/362227 : the interface providing means for actuating on functional elements of the cassette, e.g. plungers
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/36225 : with blood pumping means or components thereof
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/362261 : at least one cassette surface or portion thereof being flexible, e.g. the cassette having a rigid base portion with preformed channels and being covered with a foil
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/362262 : Details of incorporated reservoirs
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/362265 : Details of valves
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3643 : Priming, rinsing before or after use
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3644 : Mode of operation
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3649 : using dialysate as priming or rinsing liquid
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3652 : using gas, e.g. air
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/128 : with incorporated valves
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/14 : Detection of the presence or absence of a tube, a connector or a container in an apparatus
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3313 : used specific wavelengths
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3331 : Pressure; Flow
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3334 : Measuring or controlling the flow rate
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3344 : Measuring or controlling pressure at the body treatment site
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3379 : Masses, volumes, levels of fluids in reservoirs, flow rates
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/6036 : characterised by physical shape, e.g. array of activating switches
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 61/243 : Dialysis
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 61/244 : comprising multiple dialysis steps
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 61/30 : Accessories; Auxiliary operation
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 137/0396 : Involving pressure control
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 137/87893 : With fluid actuator
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 29/49826 : Assembling or joining

Abstract

A hemodialysis system including (i) an instrument; (ii) first and second peristaltic dialysate pumps operated by the instrument; (iii) a cassette including a rigid structure and first and second dialysate pumping tubes carried by the rigid structure; and (iv) a mechanism configured to initially allow the cassette to be accepted by the dialysis instrument after which the mechanism engages the first and second dialysate pumping tubes for operation with the first and second peristaltic dialysate pumps.

Claims

1. A hemodialysis system comprising:

a dialysis instrument;

first and second peristaltic dialysate pumps operated by the instrument;

a cassette including a rigid structure and first and second dialysate pumping tubes carried by the rigid structure; and

a mechanism configured to (i) initially allow the cassette to be accepted by the dialysis instrument and (ii) thereafter move a member downwardly onto the first and second dialysate pumping tubes for operation with the first and second peristaltic dialysate pumps.

2. The hemodialysis system of claim 1, wherein the member includes a cam race that engages the first and second dialysate pumping tubes.

3. The hemodialysis system of claim 1, wherein the mechanism includes at least one cam configured to rotate to move the member downwardly.

4. The hemodialysis system of claim 3, wherein the mechanism includes at least one idler gear configured to rotate the at least one cam.

5. The hemodialysis system of claim 4, wherein the mechanism is configured to move the member away from the first and second peristaltic dialysate pumps after the door is latched closed.

6. The hemodialysis system of claim 1, wherein the mechanism is configured to move the member away from the first and second peristaltic dialysate pumps when a door for accepting the cassette is opened.

7. The hemodialysis system of claim 6, wherein the mechanism is configured to move the member upwardly away from the first and second peristaltic dialysate pumps when a door for accepting the cassette is opened.

8. The hemodialysis system of claim 1, which includes a motor, and wherein the mechanism is driven by the motor.

9. The hemodialysis system of claim 1, wherein the mechanism is configured to engage the first and second dialysate pumping tubes at substantially the same time.

10. The hemodialysis system of claim 9, wherein the mechanism is cam-operated to engage the first and second dialysate pumping tubes at substantially the same time.

11. The hemodialysis system of claim 1, wherein the mechanism is configured to convert rotational motion to translational motion to engage the first and second dialysate pumping tubes.

12. The hemodialysis system of claim 11, wherein the mechanism is configured to translate the member to engage the first and second dialysate pumping tubes, the member including slots formed by walls that ride along cams rotated by the mechanism.

13. A hemodialysis system comprising:

a dialysis instrument;

first and second peristaltic dialysate pumps operated by the instrument;

a cassette including a rigid structure and first and second dialysate pumping tubes carried by the rigid structure; and

a mechanism configured to initially allow the cassette to be loaded onto a moveable platform of the dialysis instrument, after which the moveable platform and the mechanism are moved so that the mechanism engages the first and second dialysate pumping tubes for operation with the first and second peristaltic dialysate pumps.

14. The hemodialysis system of claim 13, wherein the platform is a door connected moveably to the instrument.

15. The hemodialysis system of claim 13, wherein the mechanism is configured to move a member and the first and second dialysate pumping tubes towards each other to produce the operable engagement.

16. The hemodialysis system of claim 13, wherein the instrument provides a blood circuit, a dialysate circuit operated by the first and second peristaltic dialysate pumps, and a dialyzer placed in communication with the blood circuit and the dialysate circuit, the system further configured to operate a priming sequence in which (i) dialysate is used to prime a first portion of the dialysate circuit and (ii) a physiologically compatible solution, other than dialysate, is used to prime a second portion of the dialysate circuit, the dialyzer and the blood circuit.

17. The hemodialysis machine of claim 16, the first portion of the dialysate circuit including a recirculation loop primed by at least one of the first and second peristaltic dialysate pumps.

18. The hemodialysis machine of claim 17, the second portion of the dialysate circuit located at least substantially between the recirculation loop and the dialyzer.

19. The hemodialysis machine of claim 18, the second portion of the dialysate circuit primed by at least one of a blood pump and a downstream one of the peristaltic dialysate pumps.

20. A hemodialysis system comprising:

a dialysis instrument;

first and second peristaltic dialysate pumps operated by the instrument;

a cassette including a rigid structure and first and second dialysate pumping tubes carried by the rigid structure; and

a mechanism configured to (i) initially allow the cassette to be accepted by the dialysis instrument, (ii) thereafter move a member into engagement with the first and second dialysate pumping tubes for operation with the first and second peristaltic dialysate pumps, and (iii) when a door for accepting the cassette is opened, move the member away from the first and second peristaltic dialysate pumps.