Magnetic connectors for microfluidic applications

• US 8,337,783 B2
• Filed: 06/22/2010
• Issued: 12/25/2012
• Est. Priority Date: 06/23/2009
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: The United States of America As Represented By The Secretary of Commerce
• Original Assignee: The United States of America As Represented By The Secretary of Commerce
• Inventors: Locascio, Laurie E., Atencia-Fernandez, Francisco Javier
• Primary Examiner(s): Nagpaul, Jyoti
• Application Number:
  US12/820,218
• Publication Number:
  US 20100322826A1
• Time in Patent Office: 917 Days
• Field of Search: 422/50, 422500-503, 422/546, 204/193
• US Class Current: 422/546
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 19/0093 Microreactors, e.g. miniaturised or microfabricated reactors laboratory containers with capillary fluid transport in microfabricated channels or chambers B01L3/5027
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/0081 Plurality of modules
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2200/027 for microfluidic devices
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2200/0689 Sealing
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2300/0681 Filter
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 3/502715 characterised by interfacing components, e.g. fluidic, electrical, optical or mechanical interfaces
• CPC Class Codes: F16K 2099/0084 Chemistry or biology, e.g. "lab-on-a-chip" technology
• CPC Class Codes: F16K 99/0046 using magnets

Abstract

A magnetic connector assembly for microfluidic devices comprises a first magnetic connector with at least one orifice extending therethrough and a second magnetic connector. The first and second connectors are configured to magnetically attract each other. In one aspect, the first magnetic connector is configured to sealingly engage a surface of a microfluidic chip with the second magnetic connector disposed on an opposite side of the microfluidic chip. The first magnetic connector is configured to seal with the microfluidic chip about a channel opening in the microfluidic chip and provide flow communication between the channel opening and the orifice in the first magnetic connector. In at least one other aspect, the first magnetic connector and second magnetic connector each have at least one orifice and are configured to change a flow communication therebetween upon a rotation of the first or second magnetic connector with respect to the other magnetic connector.

Claims

1. A magnetic connector assembly for microfluidic devices comprising:

a first magnetic connector comprising a first side surface and a second side surface;

an orifice extending from said first side surface to said second side surface of said first magnetic connector;

a microfluidic chip comprising a first side surface and a second side surface;

an orifice in said first side surface of said microfluidic chip;

a microchannel in said microfluidic chip in flow communication with said orifice in said first side surface of said first magnetic connector;

a second magnetic connector configured to magnetically engage said first magnetic connector with microfluidic chip disposed therebetween;

one of said first magnetic connector and said second magnetic connector comprises at least one of a permanent magnet and an electromagnet and the other of said first magnetic connector and said second magnetic connector comprises at least one of a ferromagnetic material, a permanent magnet, and an electromagnet;

a seal configured and disposed to seal said first side surface of said first magnetic connector to said first side surface of said microfluidic chip upon said first magnetic connector being placed on said first side surface of said microfluidic chip and said second magnetic connector being placed on said second side surface of said microfluidic chip and disposed to magnetically engage said first magnetic connector;

said orifice extending from said first side surface to said second side surface of said first magnetic connector being configured to sealingly cooperate with a fluid transport device at its opening in said second side surface, said fluid transport device being configured to provide fluid flow into or out of said orifice and said micro-channel, in said microfluidic chip, through said orifice in said first magnetic connector;

said first magnetic connector and said second magnetic connector being axially polarized and configured to provide an attracting force therebetween throughout a full 360°

rotation of said first magnetic connector with respect to said second magnetic connector;

said first and said second magnetic connectors being configured to provide a magnetic force therebetween sufficient for sealing said first side surface of said first magnetic connector with said first side surface of said microfluidic chip, with said seal therebetween;

said first and said second magnetic connectors being configured to provide a magnetic force therebetween wherein said first magnetic connector is releasable from said first side surface of said microfluidic chip upon a force being applied by hand to said first or said second magnetic connector.

2. The magnetic connector assembly for microfluidic devices of claim 1 wherein:

said first magnetic connector comprises an axially polarized first permanent magnet;

said second magnetic connector comprises an axially polarized second permanent magnet;

a first ferromagnetic cup disposed about said first permanent magnet;

said first ferromagnetic cup having an axial polarity opposite the axial polarity of said first axially polarized magnet;

a second ferromagnetic cup disposed about said second permanent magnet;

said second ferromagnetic cup having an axial polarity opposite the axial polarity of said second axially polarized permanent magnet; and

said first and said second axially polarized ferromagnetic cups being configured to provide an attracting force therebetween throughout a full 360°

rotation of said first magnetic connector with respect to said second magnetic connector.

3. A connector assembly for microfluidic devices comprising:

a first connector comprising a first side surface and a second side surface;

a second connector configured to magnetically engage said first connector with a microfluidic chip therebetween;

said first side surface of said first connector being configured to sealingly engage a first side surface of said microfluidic chip upon said first and second connectors being placed on opposing side surfaces of said microfluidic chip and disposed to magnetically engage each other;

at least one orifice extending from said first side surface to said second side surface of said first connector configured to be disposed in flow communication with at least one orifice in said first side surface of said microfluidic chip;

said first and said second connectors being configured to provide an attracting magnetic force therebetween greater than a separating force between said first side surface of said microfluidic chip and said first side surface of said first connector caused by a fluid pressure in said at least one orifice in said first connector or in the at least one orifice in said microfluidic chip; and

at least one of said first connector and said second connector comprising a magnet.

4. The connector assembly of claim 3 wherein one of said first connector and said second connector comprises at least one electromagnet or at least one permanent magnet and the other of said first connector and said second connector comprises a ferromagnetic material.

5. The connector assembly of claim 3 wherein each of said first connector and said second connector comprise at least one magnet.

6. The connector assembly of claim 3 wherein at least one of said orifices extending from said first side surface to said second side surface of said first connector is disposed to be in flow communication with at least one of said orifices in said first side surface of said microfluidic chip upon said first connector being in a first rotational position with respect to said first side surface of said microfluidic chip and at least one of said orifices extending from said first side surface to said second side surface of said first connector being disposed to not be in flow communication with at least one of said orifices in said first side surface of said microfluidic chip upon said first connector being in a second rotational position with respect to said first side surface of said microfluidic chip;

and

said first and said second connectors being configured to provide an attracting magnetic force therebetween greater than a separating force between said first side surface of said microfluidic chip and said first side surface of said first connector upon a fluid pressure therebetween.

7. The connector assembly for microfluidic devices of claim 3 wherein:

said first connector comprises a first orifice and a second orifice extending from said first side surface to said second side surface of said first connector;

said first orifice extending from said first side surface to said second side surface of said first connector being disposed to be in flow communication with an orifice in said first side surface of said microfluidic chip upon said first connector being in a first rotational position with respect to said first side surface of said microfluidic chip;

said second orifice extending from said first side surface to said second side surface of said first connector being disposed to be in flow communication with an orifice in said first side surface of said microfluidic chip upon said first connector being in a second rotational position with respect to said first side surface of said microfluidic chip; and

said first or said second orifice extending from said first side surface to said second side surface of said first connector being disposed not to be in flow communication with an orifice in said first side surface of said microfluidic chip upon said first connector being in said first or said second rotational position with respect to said first side surface of said microfluidic chip.

8. The connector assembly for microfluidic devices of claim 3 wherein:

said first connector comprises a first orifice and a second orifice extending from said first side surface to said second side surface of said first connector;

said microfluidic chip comprises a first orifice and a second orifice in said first side surface of said microfluidic chip;

said first orifice extending from said first side surface to said second side surface of said first connector being disposed to be in flow communication with said first or said second orifice in said first side surface of said microfluidic chip upon said first connector being in a first rotational position with respect to said first side surface of said microfluidic chip; and

said second orifice extending from said first side surface to said second side surface of said first connector being disposed to be in flow communication with said first or said second orifice in said first side surface of said microfluidic chip upon said first connector being in a second rotational position with respect to said first side surface of said microfluidic chip.

9. The connector assembly for microfluidic devices of claim 8 wherein said first connector and said first side surface of said microfluidic chip each comprise at least one alignment feature, said at least one alignment feature on said first connector being configured to align in a first aligning orientation with said at least one alignment feature on said microfluidic chip upon said first connector being in said first rotational position with respect to said first side surface of said microfluidic chip and said at least one alignment feature on said first connector being configured to align in a second aligning orientation with said at least one alignment feature on said microfluidic chip upon said first connector being in said second rotational position with respect to said first side surface of said microfluidic chip, said first and said second aligning orientations being different.

10. The connector assembly for microfluidic devices of claim 8 wherein:

said first orifice extending from said first side surface to said second side surface of said first connector being disposed to be in flow communication with said first or said second orifice in said first side surface of said microfluidic chip and said second orifice extending from said first side surface to said second side surface of said first connector being disposed to be in flow communication with the other of said first and said second orifice in said first side surface of said microfluidic chip upon said first connector being in a third rotational position with respect to said first side surface of said microfluidic chip.

11. The connector assembly for microfluidic devices of claim 3 further comprising:

a third connector comprising a first side surface and a second side surface and configured to magnetically engage said first connector;

a first orifice and a second orifice extending from said first side surface to said second side surface of said third connector;

said second side surface of said first connector being configured to sealingly engage said first side surface of said third connector upon magnetic engagement of said third connector with said first connector;

one of said at least one orifice extending from said first side surface to said second side surface of said first connector being disposed to be in flow communication with said first or said second orifice extending from said first side surface to said second side surface of said third connector upon said third connector being in a first rotational position with respect to said second side surface of said first connector; and

one of said at least one orifice extending from said first side surface to said second side surface of said first connector being disposed to be in flow communication with the other of said first and said second orifice extending from said first side surface to said second side surface of said third connector upon said third connector being in a second rotational position with respect to said second side surface of said first connector.

12. The connector assembly for microfluidic devices of claim 3 wherein said first connector comprises a first axially polarized magnet and said second connector comprises a second axially polarized magnet, said first and said second axially polarized magnets being configured to provide an attracting force therebetween throughout a full 360°

rotation of said first connector with respect to said second connector.

13. The connector assembly for microfluidic devices of claim 12 further comprising:

a first ferromagnetic cup disposed about said first magnet;

a second ferromagnetic cup disposed about said second magnet; and

said first and said second ferromagnetic cups being configured to confine a magnetic field and increase a magnetic flux density of said first and said second connectors.

14. The connector assembly for microfluidic devices of claim 3 wherein said first connector comprises a first diametrically polarized magnet and said second connector comprises a second diametrically polarized magnet, said first and said second diametrically polarized magnets being configured to provide a maximum attracting force therebetween at a first rotational orientation of said first connector with respect to said second connector and a maximum repelling force therebetween at a second rotational orientation of said first connector with respect to said second connector.

15. The connector assembly for microfluidic devices of claim 3 further comprising a seal configured and disposed to releasably seal said first side surface of said first connector to said first side surface of said microfluidic chip.

16. The connector assembly for microfluidic devices of claim 3 wherein each said at least one orifice extending from said first side surface to said second side surface of said first connector is configured to sealingly cooperate with a fluid transport device at its opening in said second side surface of said first connector, said fluid transport device being configured to provide fluid flow into or out of said orifice in said microfluidic chip through said at least one orifice in said first connector.

17. The connector assembly for microfluidic devices of claim 3 wherein said first and said second connectors are configured to provide a magnetic force therebetween sufficient to seal said first side surface of said first connector with said first side surface of said microfluidic chip with a fluid pressure of at least 100 psig therebetween.

18. The connector assembly for microfluidic devices of claim 17 wherein said first and said second connectors are configured to provide a magnetic force therebetween wherein said first connector is releasable from first side surface of said microfluidic chip upon an axial or rotational force being applied by hand to said first connector.

19. A valve assembly for microfluidic devices comprising:

a first connector comprising a first side surface and a second side surface;

said first connector comprising a first orifice extending from an off center portion of said first side surface to said second side surface of said first connector;

said first orifice of said first connector being configured to sealingly cooperate with a fluid transport device at its opening in said second side surface;

a second connector comprising a first side surface and a second side surface;

said second connector comprising a first orifice extending from an off center portion of said first side surface to said second side surface of said second connector;

said first orifice of said second connector being configured to sealingly cooperate with a fluid transport device at its opening in said second side surface;

said first connector being configured to magnetically engage said second connector and to rotatingly seal said first side surface of said first connector to said first side surface of said second connector upon magnetic engagement of said first connector with said second connector;

said first orifice of said first connector being disposed to be in flow communication with said first orifice of said second connector upon said first connector being in a first rotational position with respect to said second connector;

said first orifice of said first connector being disposed to not be in flow communication with said first orifice of said second connector upon said first connector being in a second rotational position with respect to said second connector;

said first and said second connectors being configured to provide a magnetic force therebetween sufficient to form a seal between said first side surface of said first connector and said first side surface of said second connector;

said first and said second connectors being configured to provide a magnetic force therebetween wherein said first connector is releasable from said second connector upon an axial or rotational force being applied by hand to said first or said second connector; and

at least one of said first connector and said second connector comprising a magnet.

20. The valve assembly for microfluidic devices of claim 19 wherein said first connector and said second connector each comprise at least one alignment feature, said at least one alignment feature on said first connector being configured to align in a first aligning orientation with said at least one alignment feature on said second connector upon said first connector being in said first rotational position with respect to said second connector and said at least one alignment feature on said first connector being configured to align in a second aligning orientation with said at least one alignment feature on said second connector upon said first connector being in said second rotational position with respect to said second connector, said first and said second aligning orientations being different.