Systems and methods of determining patient physiological parameters from an imaging procedure

• US 8,346,342 B2
• Filed: 07/07/2011
• Issued: 01/01/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 11/16/2004
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Bayer Healthcare LLC (Bayer AG)
• Original Assignee: Medrad Incorporated (Bayer AG)
• Inventors: Kalafut, John F.
• Primary Examiner(s): MENDEZ, MANUEL A
• Application Number:
  US13/177,714
• Publication Number:
  US 20120004561A1
• Time in Patent Office: 544 Days
• Field of Search: 600/420, 600/410, 324/307, 324/309
• US Class Current: 600/420
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0044 for the heart
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/02028 Determining haemodynamic parameters not otherwise provided for, e.g. cardiac contractility or left ventricular ejection fraction
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0205 Simultaneously evaluating both cardiovascular conditions and different types of body conditions, e.g. heart and respiratory condition
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/026 Measuring blood flow A61B3/1233, A61B3/1241 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/029 Measuring or recording blood output from the heart, e.g. minute volume A61B8/065 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0295 using plethysmography, i.e. measuring the variations in the volume of a body part as modified by the circulation of blood therethrough, e.g. impedance plethysmography
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7257 using Fourier transforms
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/032 Transmission computed tomography [CT]
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/481 involving the use of contrast agents
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/504 for diagnosis of blood vessels, e.g. by angiography
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/507 for determination of haemodynamic parameters, e.g. perfusion CT
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/583 using calibration phantoms
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/13 Tomography A61B8/10, A61B8/12 take precedence; tomography for radiation diagnosis A61B6/02
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/481 involving the use of contrast agent, e.g. microbubbles introduced into the bloodstream analysis of echo signal exploiting properties of a contrast enhancer in devices for short-range imaging with acoustic waves G01S7/52039
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 49/0002 General or multifunctional contrast agents, e.g. chelated agents
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/007 for contrast media
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 33/5601 involving use of a contrast agent for contrast manipulation, e.g. a paramagnetic, super-paramagnetic, ferromagnetic or hyperpolarised contrast agent
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 30/20 for handling medical images, e.g. DICOM, HL7 or PACS
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 30/40 for processing medical images, e.g. editing
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 50/50 for simulation or modelling of medical disorders

Abstract

A method of determining at least one patient physiological parameter from an imaging procedure includes at least the steps of measuring time enhancement outputs for at least two different regions of interest, and determining at least one difference between the time enhancement outputs to provide a measure of the at least one patient physiological parameter. The physiological parameter can be a parameter of the cardiopulmonary system. It can also be the cardiac output, the blood volume in a region, a rate transfer term or a transit delay. A first time enhancement output may be measured in the ascending aorta or the descending aorta and a second time enhancement output may be measured in the pulmonary artery trunk.

Claims

1. A method of determining at least one patient physiological parameter from an imaging procedure, the method comprising the following steps:

(a) measuring time enhancement outputs for at least two different regions of interest; and

(b) determining at least one difference between the time enhancement outputs to provide a measure of the at least one patient physiological parameter.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the at least one patient physiological parameter is a parameter of the cardiopulmonary system.

3. The method of claim 2 wherein the at least one patient physiological parameter is cardiac output, blood volume in a region, a rate transfer term or a transit delay.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein a first of the time enhancement outputs is measured in the ascending aorta or the descending aorta and a second of the time enhancement outputs is measured in the pulmonary artery trunk.

5. The method of claim 4 wherein the at least one patient physiological parameter is at least one of a cardiac output, a blood volume in a region, a rate transfer term and a transit delay.

6. A method of determining at least one physiological parameter of a patient from an imaging procedure, the method comprising the steps of:

(a) injecting at least one of a contrast medium and a non-contrast fluid into the patient;

(b) scanning a first region of interest and a second region of interest during the imaging procedure as the at least one of the contrast medium and the non-contrast fluid flow therethrough;

(c) measuring a level of enhancement output over time from each of the first region of interest and the second region of interest due to the flow of the at least one of the contrast medium and the non-contrast fluid therethrough, thus deriving a time enhancement curve indicative of the level of enhancement over time for each of the first region of interest and the second region of interest; and

(d) comparing the level of enhancement output by the first region of interest with the level of enhancement output by the second region of interest and determining therefrom at least one difference therebetween so as to provide a measure of the at least one physiological parameter of the patient.

7. The method of claim 6 wherein the at least one physiological parameter of the patient is a parameter of the cardiopulmonary system.

8. The method of claim 7 wherein the at least one physiological parameter of the patient is at least one of (i) a cardiac output, (ii) a volume of blood in a region, (iii) a rate transfer term and (iv) a transit delay.

9. The method of claim 7 wherein the at least one physiological parameter of the patient is at least one of (i) a volume of blood in at least a portion of the cardiopulmonary system, (ii) a rate at which blood is output from at least a portion of the cardiopulmonary system, (iii) a rate at which blood diffuses through at least a portion of the cardiopulmonary system, and (iv) a delay in transit of blood through at least a portion of the cardiopulmonary system.

10. The method of claim 6 wherein the first region of interest comprises at least a portion of the aorta and the second region of interest comprises at least a portion of the pulmonary artery.

11. The method of claim 6 wherein the at least one physiological parameter of the patient is at least one of (i) a volume of blood in a region, (ii) a rate at which blood is output from a region, (iii) a rate at which blood diffuses through a region and (iv) a delay in transit of blood through a region.

12. A system for determining at least one physiological parameter of a patient from an imaging procedure performed in combination with an injection procedure through which at least one of a contrast medium and a non-contrast fluid is injected into the patient, the system comprising:

(a) a processor for controlling operation of the system, and

(b) a programming system operably associated with the processor, the programming system having at least one algorithm for (i) measuring a level of enhancement output over time from each of at least two separate regions of interest due to a flow of the at least one of the contrast medium and the non-contrast fluid therethrough, thus deriving a time enhancement curve indicative of the level of enhancement over time for each of the at least two regions of interest, and (ii) comparing the level of enhancement output by one of the regions of interest with the level of enhancement output by a second of the region of interest and determining therefrom at least one difference therebetween so as to provide a measure of the at least one physiological parameter.

13. The system of claim 12 wherein the at least one physiological parameter of the patient is a parameter of the cardiopulmonary system.

14. The system of claim 13 wherein the at least one physiological parameter of the patient is at least one of (i) a cardiac output, (ii) a volume of blood in a region, (iii) a rate transfer term and (iv) a transit delay.

15. The system of claim 13 wherein the at least one physiological parameter of the patient is at least one of (i) a volume of blood in at least a portion of the cardiopulmonary system, (ii) a rate at which blood is output from at least a portion of the cardiopulmonary system, (iii) a rate at which blood diffuses through at least a portion of the cardiopulmonary system, and (iv) a delay in transit of blood through at least a portion of the cardiopulmonary system.

16. The system of claim 12 wherein the one of the at least two separate regions of interest comprises at least a portion of the aorta and the second of the at least two separate regions of interest comprises at least a portion of the pulmonary artery.

17. The system of claim 12 wherein the at least one physiological parameter is at least one of (i) a volume of blood in a region, (ii) a rate at which blood is output from a region, (iii) a rate at which blood diffuses through a region and (iv) a delay in transit of blood through a region.