External power source voltage drop compensation for portable devices

• US 8,350,522 B2
• Filed: 03/10/2010
• Issued: 01/08/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 03/10/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Original Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Inventors: Johnson, Timothy M.
• Primary Examiner(s): TSO, EDWARD H
• Application Number:
  US12/721,223
• Publication Number:
  US 20110221604A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,035 Days
• Field of Search: 320/107, 320/112, 320/114, 320/127, 320/128, 320/137
• US Class Current: 320/107
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 1/266 Arrangements to supply power to external peripherals either directly from the computer or under computer control, e.g. supply of power through the communication port, computer controlled power-strips
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 1/305 in the event of power-supply fluctuations
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00 Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0068 Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply H02J7/0013 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0071 with a programmable schedule
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00714 in response to battery charging or discharging current
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/007182 in response to battery voltage
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/04 Regulation of charging current or voltage

Abstract

A portable electronic device has a connector with a first pin and a second pin, and a battery charging circuit having an input coupled to receive current through the second pin to charge a battery of the device. The portable device also has a controller to determine whether the connector is coupled to an external power source (EPS) having a power converter circuit that can provide the current. The controller on that basis drives the first pin to stimulate the power converter circuit to raise voltage on the second pin. Other embodiments are also described and claimed.

Claims

1. A portable electronic device comprising:

a connector having a first pin and a second pin;

a battery charging circuit having an input coupled to receive current through the second pin to charge a battery; and

a controller to determine whether the connector is coupled to an external power source (EPS) having a power converter circuit that can provide said current, and on that basis drive the first pin to stimulate the power converter circuit to raise voltage on the second pin.

2. The portable device of claim 1 wherein the controller is to raise a current limit of the battery charging circuit, after starting to drive the first pin to stimulate the power converter circuit.

3. The portable device of claim 1 wherein the connector is a computer peripheral serial bus connector.

4. The portable device of claim 3 wherein the controller is to determine whether the connector is coupled to the EPS by checking for sufficient voltage on the second pin and by attempting to enumerate on the bus connector.

5. The portable device of claim 3 wherein the controller is to determine whether the connector is coupled to the EPS by checking for sufficient voltage on the second pin and by attempting and then failing to enumerate on the bus connector.

6. The portable device of claim 1 wherein the controller is to determine whether the connector is coupled to the EPS by decoding an indication on the first pin that indicates a current limit of the EPS.

7. The portable device of claim 1 wherein the controller is to drive the first pin by raising dc voltage of the first pin as an inverse function of dc voltage at the input of the battery charging circuit.

8. The portable device of claim 1 wherein the controller is to drive the first pin by signaling a predetermined code on the first pin.

9. The portable device of claim 8, wherein the code indicates that the battery charging circuit is drawing a higher current level.

10. The portable device of claim 1 wherein the controller is to measure dc voltage at the input of the battery charging circuit, and to drive the first pin by signaling a code that represents the measured dc voltage.

11. A portable electronic device comprising:

a connector having a first pin, a second pin, a third pin, and a fourth pin;

a first switch to connect the first pin and the second pin, when activated;

a second switch to connect the third pin and the fourth pin, when activated;

a battery charging circuit having an input coupled to receive current through the second pin to charge a battery, and return current through the fourth pin; and

a controller to determine whether the connector is coupled to an external power source (EPS) having a power converter circuit that can provide said current, and on that basis activate the first and second switches to enable the power converter circuit to compensate for voltage drop on the second pin.

12. The portable device of claim 11 wherein the controller has a port coupled to one of the first and third pins, for determining output power capability of the EPS.

13. A method in a portable electronic device for charging a battery of the device, comprising:

detecting that the portable electronic device is connected to an external power source (EPS) through a communications interface connector of the device, the connector having a data line and a power line;

selecting a higher current limit, rather than a lower current limit, for drawing current from the power line to charge the battery; and

driving the data line so as to stimulate the EPS to compensate for voltage drop on the power line, wherein dc voltage of the power line rises in response to the data line being driven.

14. The method of claim 13 wherein the detecting comprises:

sensing that the power line exhibits sufficient voltage; and

attempting to enumerate on the data line and then failing to enumerate.

15. The method of claim 13 further comprising:

identifying output current capability of the EPS through the data line,

and wherein the selecting a higher current limit is responsive to having identified the capability of the EPS.

16. The method of claim 15 further comprising:

determining that the data line is sufficiently floating or undriven, prior to the driving.

17. The method of claim 13 further comprising:

charging the battery using current drawn from the power line into an input node of a battery charging circuit; and

sensing a voltage at the input node, and

wherein the driving the power line includes overdriving the power line by an amount that is in relation to the sensed voltage.

18. The method of claim 13 further comprising:

charging the battery using current drawn from the power line into an input node of a battery charging circuit; and

sensing a voltage at the input node, and

wherein the driving the power line includes signaling a code that represents the sensed voltage.

19. An electronic device, comprising:

a communications interface to be coupled to a portable device, the interface having a data line and a power line;

a power converter circuit having an output coupled to the power line to provide current to the coupled portable device for charging a battery of the portable device;

an analog multiplexer circuit having a first signal input coupled to the data line and a second signal input coupled to the output of the power converter, an output to provide a feedback input signal as derived from one of the first and second signal inputs, and a control input; and

control circuitry having an input to receive a measure of said current, and an output coupled to the control input to select between the first and second signal inputs in response to the measure of said current.

20. The electronic device of claim 19 wherein the communications interface comprises:

a connector through which the data and power lines pass, to receive a mating and detachable connector that is at an end of a cable.

21. The electronic device of claim 19 further comprising:

a current detector to determine when the measure of said current is above a predetermined threshold.

22. The electronic device of claim 21 further comprising:

an indicator circuit coupled to the data line to indicate that the power converter can provide said current above the predetermined threshold.

23. An electronic device, comprising:

a communications interface to be coupled to a portable device, the interface having a data line and a power line;

a power converter circuit having an output coupled to the power line to provide current to the coupled portable device for charging a battery of the portable device;

a signal conditioning circuit having a signal input coupled to the output of the power converter, an output to provide a feedback input signal, and a control input; and

control circuitry having an input coupled to the data line to receive a control signal, and an output coupled to the control input to adjust the feedback input signal in response to the control signal.

24. The electronic device of claim 23 wherein the communications interface comprises:

a connector through which the data and power lines pass, to receive a mating and detachable connector that is at an end of a cable.

25. The electronic device of claim 23 further comprising:

an indicator circuit coupled to the data line to indicate that the power converter can provide said current above a predetermined threshold.

26. An electronic device, comprising:

a communications interface to be coupled to a portable device, the interface having a data line and a power line;

a power converter circuit having an output coupled to the power line to provide current to the coupled portable device for charging a battery of the portable device, the power converter to receive a feedback input signal;

a signal conditioning circuit having a first input, a second input, and an output to provide the feedback input signal based on the first and second inputs, the first input being coupled to the output of the power converter; and

a compensation processor having an input coupled to the data line to receive a code that represents a measure of a battery charging circuit'"'"'s input voltage, the processor to generate a compensation signal at the second input of the signal conditioning circuit to adjust the feedback input signal in response to the received code.

27. The electronic device of claim 26 wherein the communications interface supports (1) a first communications protocol for use by a core circuit of the electronic device to perform core communications with the coupled portable device, and (2) a second, different communications protocol for use by the compensation processor to perform voltage drop compensation.

28. The electronic device of claim 27 wherein the compensation processor is to use the second communications protocol to signal at least one of the following, pertaining to the electronic device:

manufacturer, date of manufacture, maximum output power capability, specified power line voltage, serial number, and authentication value.

29. An electronic device, comprising:

a communications interface to be coupled to a portable device, the interface having first and second data lines and a power line;

a power converter circuit having an output coupled to the power line to provide current to the coupled portable device for charging a battery of the portable device, the power converter to receive a feedback input signal;

a difference amplifier having a first input coupled to the first data line and a second input coupled to the second data line;

a selector having a first input, a second input, and an output to provide the feedback input signal based on the first and second inputs alternately, the first input being coupled to the output of the power converter, the second input being coupled to an output of the difference amplifier; and

decoder and control logic having an input coupled to one of the first and second data lines to receive an indication from the coupled portable device that there is a need for voltage drop compensation, and in response signal the selector to switch from its first input to its second input.

30. The electronic device of claim 29 wherein the first and second data lines are for differential signaling.

31. A method in an electronic device for supplying current to an external portable device, comprising:

indicating, through a data line of a communications interface that is coupled to the external portable device, that a predetermined amount of current can be sourced through a power line of the interface;

detecting that at least the predetermined amount of current is being sourced from a power converter circuit in the electronic device through the power line;

deriving a feedback input signal to the power converter circuit from the data line, when at least the predetermined amount of current is being sourced from the power converter circuit; and

deriving the feedback input signal from the power line, when less than the predetermined amount of current is being sourced from the power converter circuit.

32. The method of claim 31 further comprising:

indicating through the data line that the electronic device is of a type that can compensate for power line voltage drop in the communications interface.

33. A method in an electronic device for supplying current to an external portable device, comprising:

indicating, through a data line of a communications interface that is coupled to the portable device, that a predetermined amount of current can be sourced through a power line of the interface;

applying an analog scaling parameter to an output of a power converter circuit to derive a feedback input signal for the power converter circuit;

decoding a control signal received through the data line from the portable device; and

adjusting the analog scaling parameter based on the decoded control signal.

34. The method of claim 33 further comprising:

indicating through the data line that the electronic device is of a type that can compensate for power line voltage drop in the communications interface.