Appartus and method for continuous real-time trace biomolecular sampling, analysis, and delivery
First Claim
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1. A device for transdermal sampling comprising:
- a flexible substrate;
at least one pair of sample electrodes disposed on the flexible substrate;
an anchor layer covering at least a portion of at least one pair of sample electrodes;
a first pair of electrically conductive paths coupled to the at least one pair of sample electrodes;
a second pair of electrically conductive paths; and
at least one resistive element coupled to the second pair of electrically conductive paths, wherein;
the at least one resistive element is disposed proximate to the at least one pair of sample electrodes and configured to provide a sequence of thermal heating to generate a temperature sufficient to disrupt stratum corneum cells of a subject without damaging the stratum corneum cells to thereby allow interstitial fluid to pass through capillary openings formed through the stratum corneum cells and into contact with the at least one pair of sample electrodes.
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Abstract
A system and method for transdermal sampling wherein at least one pair of sample electrodes is adapted to provide voltage pulses capable of creating capillary openings in a subject'"'"'s stratum corneum. Methods for using a transdermal sampling system by creating capillary openings in a subject'"'"'s stratum corneum via the application of a series of voltage pulses to the stratum corneum and contacting at least a portion of at least one of the sample electrodes with interstitial fluid from the capillary openings are also presented.
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Citations
21 Claims
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1. A device for transdermal sampling comprising:
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a flexible substrate; at least one pair of sample electrodes disposed on the flexible substrate; an anchor layer covering at least a portion of at least one pair of sample electrodes; a first pair of electrically conductive paths coupled to the at least one pair of sample electrodes; a second pair of electrically conductive paths; and at least one resistive element coupled to the second pair of electrically conductive paths, wherein; the at least one resistive element is disposed proximate to the at least one pair of sample electrodes and configured to provide a sequence of thermal heating to generate a temperature sufficient to disrupt stratum corneum cells of a subject without damaging the stratum corneum cells to thereby allow interstitial fluid to pass through capillary openings formed through the stratum corneum cells and into contact with the at least one pair of sample electrodes. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9)
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10. A method for transdermal sampling comprising:
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affixing a device for transdermal sampling to the stratum corneum layer of a subject, wherein the device for transdermal sampling comprises; a flexible substrate; at least one pair of sample electrodes disposed on the flexible substrate; an anchor layer covering at least a portion of at least one pair of sample electrodes; a first pair of electrically conductive paths coupled to the at least one pair of sample electrodes; a second pair of electrically conductive paths; and at least one resistive element coupled to the second pair of electrically conductive paths, wherein; the at least one resistive element is disposed proximate to the at least one pair of sample electrodes and configured to provide a sequence of thermal heating to generate a temperature sufficient to disrupt stratum corneum cells of a subject without damaging the stratum corneum cells to thereby allow interstitial fluid to pass through capillary openings formed through the stratum corneum cells and into contact with the at least one pair of sample electrodes; and applying voltage pulses to the at least one resistive element via the second pair of electrically conductive paths to generate the temperature sufficient to disrupt the stratum corneum cells, wherein the voltage pulses are about 2 volts or less and are of a duration of 1 second or less. - View Dependent Claims (11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21)
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Specification