Analyte sensors having a signal-to-noise ratio substantially unaffected by non-constant noise
First Claim
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1. A diffusion-based glucose sensor, comprising:
- an electrode configured to detect a signal related to a glucose concentration of a host; and
a membrane comprising a silicone-hydrophilic polymer blend configured to decrease diffusion of at least one interferent to the electrode, whereby a signal component related to the at least one interferent is less than 20% of the signal for at least one day in vivo, wherein the silicone-hydrophilic polymer blend is configured to slow diffusion of reactive oxygen and nitrogen interferents therethrough.
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Abstract
Systems and methods of use involving sensors having a signal-to-noise ratio that is substantially unaffected by non-constant noise are provided for continuous analyte measurement in a host. In some embodiments, a continuous analyte measurement system is configured to be wholly, transcutaneously, intravascularly or extracorporeally implanted.
765 Citations
83 Claims
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1. A diffusion-based glucose sensor, comprising:
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an electrode configured to detect a signal related to a glucose concentration of a host; and a membrane comprising a silicone-hydrophilic polymer blend configured to decrease diffusion of at least one interferent to the electrode, whereby a signal component related to the at least one interferent is less than 20% of the signal for at least one day in vivo, wherein the silicone-hydrophilic polymer blend is configured to slow diffusion of reactive oxygen and nitrogen interferents therethrough. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13)
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14. A diffusion-based analyte sensor configured for implantation in a host, the sensor comprising:
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an electrode configured to measure a signal related to an analyte concentration of the host, wherein the signal comprises an analyte-related signal component and a non-analyte related signal component, wherein the non-analyte related signal component is related to a concentration of at least one noise-causing electroactive species, wherein the at least one noise-causing electroactive species comprises at least one species selected from the group consisting of reactive oxygen species, nitrogen species, and hydrogen peroxide formed in a metabolic process of the host; and a membrane disposed over the electrode and configured to increase the analyte-related signal component relative to the non-analyte-related signal component, such that the non-analyte-related signal component does not substantially contribute to the signal over a time period of at least one day in vivo, wherein the membrane comprises; a first domain comprising a blend of a silicone-containing polymer and a hydrophilic polymer; a second domain comprising an enzyme; and a third domain configured to reduce passage of interferents; wherein the sensor has a sensitivity to analyte of from about 50 pA/mg/dL to about 500 pA/mg/dL. - View Dependent Claims (15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26)
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27. A diffusion-based analyte sensor configured for implantation in a host, the sensor comprising:
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an electrode configured to measure a signal related to an analyte concentration of the host; and a membrane disposed over the electrode, the membrane comprising; a first domain comprising a blend of a silicone-containing polymer and a hydrophilic polymer that comprises polyvinylpyrrolidone; a second domain comprising an enzyme and a hydrophilic polymer that comprises polyvinylpyrrolidone; and a third domain configured to reduce passage of interferents; wherein the sensor has a sensitivity to analyte of from about 50 A/mg/dL to about 500 pA/mg/dL. - View Dependent Claims (28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34)
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35. A diffusion-based analyte sensor configured for implantation in a host, the sensor comprising:
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an electrode configured to measure a signal related to an analyte concentration of the host, wherein the signal comprises an analyte-related signal component and a non-analyte related signal component, wherein the non-analyte related signal component is related to a concentration of at least one noise-causing electroactive species; and a membrane disposed over the electrode, wherein the membrane is configured to consume at least one noise-causing electroactive species formed in a metabolic process of the host, wherein the membrane comprises; a first domain comprising a blend of a silicone-containing polymer and a hydrophilic polymer; a second domain comprising an enzyme; and a third domain configured to reduce passage of interferents; wherein the sensor has a sensitivity to analyte of from about 50 pA/mg/dL to about 500 pA/mg/dL. - View Dependent Claims (36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53)
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54. An implantable analyte-detecting device, comprising:
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an electrode configured to measure a signal related to an analyte concentration of the host, wherein the signal comprises an analyte-related signal component and a non-analyte-related signal component; and a membrane disposed over the electrode and comprising a substantial blend of a silicone-containing polymer and a hydrophilic polymer, wherein at least about 75% of the silicone-containing polymer is not covalently linked to the hydrophilic polymer, and wherein the membrane is configured to increase the analye-related signal component relative to the non-analyte-related signal component, such that the non-analyte-related signal component does not substantially contribute to the signal over a time period of at least one day in vivo. - View Dependent Claims (55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67)
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68. An implantable analyte-detecting device, comprising:
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an electrode configured to measure a signal related to an analyte concentration of the host, wherein the signal comprises an analyte-related signal component and a non-analyte-related signal component; and a membrane disposed over the electrode and comprising a substantial blend of a silicone-containing polymer and a hydrophilic polymer,wherein the membrane is configured to consume at least one noise-causing electroactive species formed in a metabolic process of the host, and wherein the membrane is configured to increase the analyte-related signal component relative to the non-analyte-related signal component, such that the non-analyte-related signal component does not substantially contribute to the signal over a time period of at least one day in vivo. - View Dependent Claims (69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80)
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81. An implantable analyte-detecting device, comprising:
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an electrode configured to measure a signal related to analyte concentration of the host, wherein the signal comprises an analyte-related signal component and a non-analyte-related signal component; and a membrane disposed over the electrode and comprising a substantial blend of a silicone-containing polymer and a hydrophilic polymer, wherein the substantial blend of a silicone-containing polymer and a hydrophilic polymer is configured to form micellar jackets, and wherein the membrane is configured to increase the analyte-related signal component relative to the non-analyte-related signal component, such that the non-analyte-related signal component does not substantially contribute to the signal over a time period of at least one day in vivo. - View Dependent Claims (82)
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83. A diffusion-based glucose sensor, comprising:
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an electrode configured to detect a signal related to a glucose concentration of a host; and a membrane comprising a silicone-hydrophilic polymer blend configured to decrease diffusion of at least one interferent to the electrode, whereby a signal component related to the at least one interferent is less than 20% of the signal for at least one day in vivo, wherein the silicone-hydrophilic polymer blend is configured for the self-organization of micellar jackets around colloidal silicone globules.
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Specification