Transforming offline maps into interactive online maps

• US 8,368,695 B2
• Filed: 02/08/2007
• Issued: 02/05/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 02/08/2007
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Microsoft Technology Licensing LLC (Microsoft Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Microsoft Corporation
• Inventors: Howell, Jonathan R., Elson, Jeremy E., Douceur, John R.
• Primary Examiner(s): Thompson, James A
• Assistant Examiner(s): Chu, David H
• Application Number:
  US11/672,912
• Publication Number:
  US 20080192053A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,189 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 345/427
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/29 Geographical information databases
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 17/05 Geographic models
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 7/30 Determination of transform parameters for the alignment of images, i.e. image registration
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 10/24 Aligning, centring, orientation detection or correction of the image
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 20/13 Satellite images
• CPC Class Codes: G09B 29/106 using electronic means

Abstract

A system is disclosed that transforms offline maps into interactive online maps. In the system, geo-coordinate relationships are determined between geo-coordinates on a source map and geo-coordinates on an online reference map. An image of the source map is transformed to form an image of a modified source map having geo-coordinates that substantially align with corresponding geo-coordinates on the reference map. Modified source tiles are formed with the image of the modified source map and displayed on a portion of the reference map.

Claims

1. A computer implemented method comprising:

providing, on a transformation device, an interface that enables identification of geo-coordinates on a source map that correspond with known geo-coordinates on a pre-existing online reference map, the interface including two viewing panes, a source pane to display the source map, and a reference pane to display the online reference map;

using the identified geo-coordinates to determine an approximate coordinate transform relating to geo-coordinate relationships between geo-coordinates on the source map and geo-coordinates on the online reference map, the online reference map having images formed by a plurality of tiles; and

using the approximate coordinate transform to transform an image of the source map to form an image of a modified source map having geo-coordinates that substantially align with corresponding geo-coordinates on the online reference map, wherein;

the image of the source map is transformed using a reprojection function that is automatically selected based on a number of correspondence points established between the source map and the online reference map, and

an affine reprojection function is automatically selected when at least two correspondence points are established.

2. The method as recited in claim 1 further comprising:

forming one or more modified source tiles with the image of the modified source map, the formed modified source tiles having geo-coordinates that align with geo-coordinates of two or more of the tiles that form the images of the reference map; and

displaying images of a portion of the reference map with the formed modified source tiles.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein the approximate coordinate transform is determined using linear regression by singular-value decomposition.

4. The method of claim 1 further comprising projecting coordinates from the reference map to the source map to determine a location of tile boundaries in the source map.

5. The method of claim 1 further comprising:

simultaneously displaying the source map and the reference map; and

relating views of the source map and the reference map such that when a geo-coordinate of one of the maps is viewed, a corresponding geo-coordinate on the other map is displayed.

6. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein the geo-coordinate relationships are determined by indicating a geo-coordinate on the source map and indicating a corresponding geo-coordinate on the reference map;

and further comprising displaying a correspondence disagreement that suggests where indicated corresponding geo-coordinates may be in error.

7. The method as recited in claim 6, wherein the displayed correspondence disagreement is determined by at least one of:

sorting correspondences by decreasing disagreement,

computing distance values, or

determining graphical vector representations between coordinates on the reference map and the source map.

8. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of tiles of the images of the modified source map comprise a plurality of pixels, and wherein each of the tiles of the images of the modified source map are formed by:

determining a corresponding area in the source map that covers an image region that defines the tile in the online reference map;

transforming coordinates of the image of the source map within the corresponding area; and

selecting visibility and color for each pixel of at least one of the tiles for the modified source map based on the corresponding location within the transforming coordinates of the image of the source map.

9. The method as recited in claim 1 further comprising determining geo-coordinate relationships between geo-coordinates on a second source map and geo-coordinates on the online reference map;

and automatically compositing the first and second source maps together to form a single rendered tile map at points of overlapping geo-coordinates.

10. The method as recited in claim 1, further comprising:

determining second geo-coordinate relationships between geo-coordinates on a second source map and geo-coordinates on the source map;

using the second geo-coordinate relationships to transform an image of the second source map to form a modified second source map having geo-coordinates that substantially align with corresponding geo-coordinates on the modified source map; and

forming tiles with the modified second source map, the tiles having geo-coordinates that substantially align with geo-coordinates for corresponding tiles in the online reference map, wherein;

the image of the second source map is transformed using a second reprojection function that is automatically selected based on a second number of correspondence points established between the second source map and the online reference map,

an affine reprojection function is automatically selected when the second number of correspondence points is not greater than six, and

a quadratic reprojection function is automatically selected when the second number of correspondence points is not less than seven.

11. The method as recited in claim 1, further comprising:

displaying an image of the modified reference map; and

displaying an interactively editable boundary of the source map to enable users to select which portions of the source map are to be transformed.

12. A computer storage device including instructions which when executed by a processor comprise:

enabling, with a user interface, a user to identify correspondences between locations on a source map and locations on a preexisting online reference map;

determining geo-coordinate relationships between locations on the source map and the locations on the preexisting online reference map, the preexisting online reference map having images being formed by a plurality of tiles;

using the geo-coordinate relationships to transform an image of the source map into an image of a modified source map having locations that substantially align with corresponding locations on the preexisting online reference map;

forming one or more modified source tiles with the image of the modified source map, the formed modified source tiles having locations that align with locations of some of the tiles that form the images of the preexisting online reference map; and

wherein the image of the source map is transformed using a quadratic reprojection calculated using;

s_x=c₀₀r_x²+c₀₁r_xr_y+c_O2r_x+c₀₃r_y²+c₀₄r_y+c₀₅

s_x=c₁₀r_x²+c₁₁r_xr_y+c₁₂r_x+c₁₃r_y²+c₁₄r_y+c₁₅.

13. The computer storage device as recited in claim 12, further comprising providing images of a portion of the preexisting online reference map with the formed modified source tiles.

14. The computer storage device instructions as recited in claim 12, further comprising determining the relationship by selecting correspondence points between the source map and the preexisting online reference map;

and wherein the function for transforming the image is selected automatically based on a number of correspondence points established between the reference map and the source map.

15. A computer system comprising:

a user interface configured for display on a computer display to enable identification of correspondences between geo-coordinates on a source map and geo-coordinates on an online reference map, the user interface including one or more panes, the one or more panes configured to display the source map and the online reference map and enable panning and/or zooming each map to arbitrary locations independently;

a determination module for determining geo-coordinate relationships between the geo-coordinates on the source map and geo-coordinates on the online reference map, said online reference map having images formed by a plurality of tiles;

a transformation module to use the geo-coordinate relationships to transform an image of the source map into an image of a modified source map having geo-coordinates that substantially align with corresponding geo-coordinates on the online reference map, wherein the transformation module automatically selects a reprojection function based on a number of correspondence points established between the source map and the online reference map, wherein;

an affine reprojection function is automatically selected when at least two correspondence points are established, and

a quadratic reprojection function is automatically selected when at least six correspondence points are established; and

a formation module to form one or more modified source tiles with the image of the modified source map, the formed modified source tiles having geo-coordinates that substantially align with geo-coordinates of some of the tiles that form the images of the online reference map.

16. The computer system as recited in claim 15, further comprising an output module to indicate images of a portion of the online reference map with the formed modified source tiles.

17. The computer system as recited in claim 15, wherein each of the plurality of tiles of the images of the modified source map comprise a plurality of pixels, and wherein the formation module comprises:

a detection module to determine a corresponding area in the source map that covers an image region that defines one of the tiles forming the image in the online reference map;

wherein the transformation module transforms coordinates of the image of the source map within the corresponding area; and

a selection module to select visibility and color for each pixel of at least one of the tiles for the modified source map based on the corresponding location within the transforming coordinates of the image of the source map.

18. The computer system as recited in claim 15, wherein:

the determination module determines geo-coordinate relationships between geo-coordinates on a second source map and geo-coordinates on the online reference map; and

the determination module automatically composites the first and second source maps together to form a single rendered tile map at points of overlapping geo-coordinates.

19. The computer system as recited in claim 15, wherein:

the determination module determines second geo-coordinate relationships between geo-coordinates on a second source map and geo-coordinates on the modified source map,

the determination module use the second geo-coordinate relationships to transform an image of the second source map to form a modified second source map having geo-coordinates that substantially align with corresponding geo-coordinates on the modified source map; and

the formation module forms tiles with the modified second source map, the tiles having geo-coordinates that substantially align with geo-coordinates for corresponding tiles in the online reference map.

20. The computer system of claim 15, wherein:

the affine reprojection function is automatically selected when the number of correspondence points is not greater than six, and

the quadratic reprojection function is automatically selected when the number of correspondence points is not less than seven.