Electro-optical element including IMI coatings
First Claim
1. An electrochromic (EC) element comprising:
- a first base including a first substrate having a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface, the second surface carrying a transparent electrode layer that comprises a first optical thin-film structure including a first metal layer sandwiched between first and second dielectric layers, the first and second dielectric layers comprising materials having corresponding refractive indices greater than 1.7;
a second base having third and fourth surfaces, the first and second bases disposed in a parallel and spaced-apart relationship so as to define a gap therebetween, the second and third surfaces opposing each other; and
an electrochromic medium located in the gap;
wherein transmittance of the first base measured in light generated by a standard D65 illuminant exceeds 50 percent.
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Accused Products
Abstract
An electrochromic element comprises a first substrate having a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface, a second substrate in spaced-apart relationship to the first substrate and having a third surface facing the second surface and a fourth surface opposite the third surface, and an electrochromic medium located between the first and second substrates, wherein the electrochromic medium has a light transmittance that is variable upon application of an electric field thereto. The electrochromic element further comprises a transparent electrode layer covering at least a portion of at least a select one of the first surface, the second surface, the third surface, and the fourth surface, wherein the transparent electrode layer comprises an insulator/metal/insulator stack. The materials utilized to construct the insulator/metal/insulator stack are selected to optimize optical and physical properties of the electrochromic element such as reflectivity, color, electrical switch stability, and environmental durability.
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Citations
52 Claims
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1. An electrochromic (EC) element comprising:
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a first base including a first substrate having a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface, the second surface carrying a transparent electrode layer that comprises a first optical thin-film structure including a first metal layer sandwiched between first and second dielectric layers, the first and second dielectric layers comprising materials having corresponding refractive indices greater than 1.7; a second base having third and fourth surfaces, the first and second bases disposed in a parallel and spaced-apart relationship so as to define a gap therebetween, the second and third surfaces opposing each other; and an electrochromic medium located in the gap; wherein transmittance of the first base measured in light generated by a standard D65 illuminant exceeds 50 percent. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26)
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27. An electrochromic (EC) element comprising:
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a first base including a first substrate having a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface, the second surface carrying a first transparent electrode layer that comprises a periodic optical thin-film structure having at least two periods, each of the periods including a metal layer sandwiched between first and second dielectric layers; a second base having third and fourth surfaces, the first and second bases disposed in a parallel and spaced-apart relationship so as to define a gap therebetween, the second and third surfaces opposing each other; and an electrochromic medium located in the gap; wherein transmittance of the EC-element measured in light generated by a standard D65 illuminant exceeds 60 percent. - View Dependent Claims (28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41)
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42. An electrochromic (EC) element comprising:
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a first base including a first substrate having a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface, the second surface carrying a first electrode layer; a second base having third and fourth surfaces, the first and second bases disposed in a parallel and spaced-apart relationship so as to define a gap therebetween, the second and third surfaces opposing each other; and an electrochromic medium located in the gap; wherein the first electrode layer comprises a first optical thin-film stack including a first metal layer sandwiched between first and second dielectric layers, the first electrode layer configured such that transmittance of the EC element measured in ultraviolet (UV) light does not exceed 50 percent. - View Dependent Claims (43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49)
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50. An electrochromic (EC) element comprising:
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a first substrate having a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface; a second substrate having third and fourth surfaces, the first and second substrates disposed in a parallel and spaced apart relationship so as to define a gap therebetween, the second and third surfaces opposing each other; an electrochromic medium located in the gap, the electrochromic medium having a light transmittance that is variable upon the application of an electric field thereto; and a transparent electrode layer covering at least a portion of at least a select one of the second surface and the third surface, wherein the transparent electrode layer comprises a stack including a first insulator layer, a metal layer, and a second insulator layer, wherein any of the first and second insulator layers has an absolute stress of less than 3 GPa. - View Dependent Claims (51, 52)
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Specification