RFID apparatus

• US 8,373,544 B2
• Filed: 10/29/2004
• Issued: 02/12/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 10/29/2003
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: NXP USA, Inc. (NXP Semiconductors NV)
• Original Assignee: Innovision Research & Technology PLC (Broadcom, Inc.)
• Inventors: Pitt-Pladdy, Glen
• Primary Examiner(s): Nguyen, Nam V
• Application Number:
  US10/577,504
• Publication Number:
  US 20080018433A1
• Time in Patent Office: 3,028 Days
• Field of Search: 340/10.4, 340/10.1, 340/10.5, 340/572.1, 455/41.2, 455/66.1, 455/410, 455/411, 370/330, 370/337, 370/466, 330/288, 330/297, 709/203, 709/217, 709/202
• US Class Current: 340/10.4
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/0707 the arrangement being capable of collecting energy from external energy sources, e.g. thermocouples, vibration, electromagnetic radiation G06K19/0702 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/0712 the arrangement being capable of triggering distinct operating modes or functions dependent on the strength of an energy or interrogation field in the proximity of the record carrier active means for hindering electromagnetic reading or writing G06K19/07336
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/0723 the record carrier comprising an arrangement for non-contact communication, e.g. wireless communication circuits on transponder cards, non-contact smart cards or RFIDs
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/0008 General problems related to the reading of electronic memory record carriers, independent of its reading method, e.g. power transfer
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/10237 the reader and the record carrier being capable of selectively switching between reader and record carrier appearance, e.g. in near field communication [NFC] devices where the NFC device may function as an RFID reader or as an RFID tag
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 5/77 for interrogation

Abstract

RFID apparatus includes transmission means for transmitting an RF signal; reception means for receiving a modulated RF signal; and demodulation means for demodulating a received modulated signal. The apparatus comprises generating means for generating a RF signal dependent on an incoming RF signal, the incoming RF signal being generated by different apparatus, and the apparatus is arranged to transmit the generated RF signal such that the generated RF signal interferes with the incoming RF signal. The RFID apparatus has both the means to respond to an RF reader device, in tag emulation mode, and means to function as an RF reader device, in reader mode.

Claims

1. RFID apparatus with an antenna, the RFID apparatus having a reader mode of operation and a tag emulation mode of operation, comprising:

a transmitter operative to transmit a first RF signal via the antenna to an external tag device when the apparatus is in the reader mode;

a receiver operative to receive a second RF signal from the external tag device via the antenna; and

a tag emulation generator operative to generate a third RF signal dependent upon characteristics of an incoming fourth RF signal received from an external reader device, and transmit the generated third RF signal using the antenna to the external reader device when the apparatus is in the tag emulation mode, wherein the tag emulation generator includes a phase locked loop having an oscillator and a phase detector, wherein the phase detector is configured to continue to operate when the apparatus is in the reader mode.

2. RFID apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said generator comprises a phase sensitive detection system responsive to phase in said incoming fourth RF signal.

3. RFID apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the phase locked loop is a second order loop.

4. RFID apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the phase locked loop comprises a loop filter.

5. RFID apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the phase locked loop comprises a sample and hold circuit.

6. RFID apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said apparatus is arranged to modulate said third RF signal prior to transmission of said third RF signal.

7. RFID apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the reader and/or tag emulation mode of operation is independently selectable.

8. RFID apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the mode of operation is selected in dependence on detection of an externally generated RF signal.

9. RFID apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus has a default mode of operation, and wherein the default mode of operation is said reader mode of operation.

10. RFID apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus has a default mode of operation, and wherein the default mode of operation is said tag emulation mode of operation.

11. RFID apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said apparatus comprises said antenna used commonly to both receive said modulated RF signal and to transmit said generated RF signal.

12. RFID apparatus according to claim 11, wherein said antenna comprises an inductive coupling antenna.

13. RFID apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said apparatus comprises a modulator operative to modulate a carrier signal.

14. An electrical device incorporating an RFID apparatus according to claim 1.

15. An electrical device according to claim 14, wherein such electrical device is a mobile communications device, personal computer device, electronic wallet or purse, a vending machine, a watch, an ID device, an electronic ticket device, an access and entry system, a patient identification device or a medical device.

16. RFID apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the generated third RF signal interferes with the incoming fourth RF signal.

17. Radio frequency (RF) apparatus with an antenna, the RF apparatus having a reader mode of operation and a tag emulation mode of operation, comprising:

a tag emulating circuit operative to respond to an external radio frequency reader apparatus when the apparatus is in the tag emulation mode, wherein the tag emulation generator includes a phase locked loop having an oscillator and a phase detector, wherein the phase detector is configured to continue to operate when the apparatus is in the reader mode; and

a reader circuit operative to operate as a radio frequency reader device when the apparatus is in the reader mode,

wherein the tag emulating circuit and the reader circuit share the antenna.