Smart electrical outlets and associated networks

• US 8,374,729 B2
• Filed: 09/29/2009
• Issued: 02/12/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 03/14/2007
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Zonit Structured Solutions, LLC
• Original Assignee: Zonit Structured Solutions, LLC
• Inventors: Chapel, Steve, Pachoud, William
• Primary Examiner(s): BARNES-BULLOCK, CRYSTAL JOY
• Application Number:
  US12/569,377
• Publication Number:
  US 20100145542A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,232 Days
• Field of Search: 700/286, 700/291, 700295-298, 702/188, 709/223, 709/224, 307/11, 307/31, 307/32, 307/112, 307/116, 307/126, 307/139, 307/38, 307/40, 307/18, 307/29, 307/39, 323234-236, 323/318, 323/319, 324/691, 324/713, 340/310.11, 340/310.16, 340/870.01, 340/870.02, 340/500, 340/531, 340/533, 340/538, 340/538.17, 361/600, 361/601, 361/622, 361/627, 361/631, 361/632, 361/837
• US Class Current: 700/295
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 15/02 electric
• CPC Class Codes: G05F 1/66 Regulating electric power
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 1/28 Supervision thereof, e.g. detecting power-supply failure by out of limits supervision
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 1/3203 Power management, i.e. event-based initiation of a power-saving mode
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 1/3209 Monitoring remote activity, e.g. over telephone lines or network connections
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 1/3287 by switching off individual functional units in the computer system
• CPC Class Codes: H01R 13/7175 Light emitting diodes (LEDs)
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00002 characterised by monitoring
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00004 characterised by the power network being locally controlled
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00007 using the power network as support for the transmission
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00028 involving the use of Internet protocols
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00034 the elements or equipment being or involving an electric power substation
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/0005 the elements or equipment being or involving power plugs or sockets
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/14 The load or loads being home appliances
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/60 Limiting power consumption in the network or in one section of the network, e.g. load shedding or peak shaving
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/00 Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/14 by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/30 Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/3225 Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 90/20 Smart grids as enabling technology in buildings sector smart grids supporting the management or operation of end-user stationary applications in general, or like technologies with no associated climate change mitigation effect Y04S20/00
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 10/56 : Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 10/76 : Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/00 : Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 10/30 : State monitoring, e.g. fault, temperature monitoring, insulator monitoring, corona discharge
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 20/00 : Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 20/222 : Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 20/242 : Home appliances
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 40/121 : using the power network as support for the transmission
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 40/128 : involving the use of Internet protocol

Abstract

A control system (300) allows recognized standard premise electrical outlets, for example NEMA, CEE and BS, among others to be remotely monitored and/or controlled, for example, to intelligently execute blackouts or brownouts or to otherwise remotely control electrical devices. The system (300) includes a number of smart receptacles (302) that communicate with a local controller (304), e.g., via power lines using the TCP/IP protocol. The local controller (304), in turn, communicates with a remote controller (308) via the internet.

Claims

1. A method for use in power distribution, comprising the steps of:

applying a power signal via an electrical receptacle to a device electrically coupled with said electrical receptacle;

monitoring said power signal at said electrical receptacle at least during a first time period to acquire first electrical usage signature information for said device and during a second time period, different from said first time period, to acquire second electrical usage signature information for said device;

determining at least first device classification information for said device according to said first electrical usage signature information and second device classification information for said device according to said second electrical usage signature information, each of said first and second classification information providing an independent indication relating to at least one of an identity of said device, a type of said device and a state or condition of said device;

using at least said first device classification information and said second device classification information to determine a device classification; and

controlling delivery of power via said electrical receptacle based on applying said device classification to a policy.

2. A method as set forth in claim 1, wherein said step of monitoring comprises sampling said signal and comparing said sampled signal to electrical signature information corresponding to device classifications.

3. A method as set forth in claim 1, wherein said step of controlling comprises interrupting said delivery of power.

4. A method as set forth in claim 1, wherein said step of controlling comprises reducing said delivery of power.

5. A method as set forth in claim 4, wherein said reducing comprises eliminating individual half cycles, or integer multiples thereof, of a power signal waveform delivered via said receptacle while continuing to deliver power.

6. A method as set forth in claim 5, wherein said half cycles are eliminated on a periodic basis to reduce power consumption.

7. A method as set forth in claim 5, wherein said receptacle is associated with a switch and logic for controlling said switch, and said step of eliminating comprises cycling said switch substantially in synchronization with zero potential crossings of said power signal.

8. A method as set forth in claim 1, wherein said step of controlling is executed by logic at said receptacle in response to instructions communicated to said receptacle from a controller separate from said receptacle.

9. A method as set forth in claim 8, wherein said instructions are communicated via a power line.

10. A method as set forth in claim 8, wherein said instructions are communicated according to the TCP/IP protocol or another public or proprietary protocol.

11. A method as set forth in claim 8, wherein said instructions are transmitted via a WAN.

12. A method as set forth in claim 1, further comprising:

periodically acquiring electrical usage signature information via said electrical receptacle;

iteratively determining a present device signature according to said periodically acquired electrical usage signature information; and

controlling delivery of power via said electrical receptacle based on said present device signature.

13. A method as set forth in claim 1, wherein said step of controlling comprises using said predetermined policy at a first time and using a second policy for controlling delivery of power via said receptacle at a second time.

14. A method as set forth in claim 13, wherein said second time is different than said first time.

15. A method set forth in claims 13, wherein said predetermined policy is associated with an on premises controller on the premises of said controlled receptacle and said second policy is associated with an off premises controller.

16. A method as set forth in claim 1, wherein said step of controlling comprises receiving a device identification code.

17. A method as set forth in claim 1, wherein said delivery of power can be controlled in relation to both a type or identity of said device and an operating state of said device.

18. An electrical outlet apparatus, comprising:

a receptacle for receiving a standard electrical plug so as to establish an electrical connection between a device, associated with the plug, and a premises electrical wiring system associated with the receptacle; and

one or more digital processors, associated with the receptacle, for controlling delivery of power via the receptacle by;

allowing a provision of a power signal via said receptacle to said device;

monitoring said power signal at least during a first time period to acquire first electrical usage signature information for said device and during a second time period, different than said first time period, to acquire second electrical usage signature information for said device;

determining at least first device classification information for said device according to said electrical usage signature information and second device classification information for said device according to said second electrical usage signature information, each of said first and second classification information providing an independent indication relating to at least one of an identity of said device, a type of said device and a state or condition of said device;

using at least said first device classification information and said second device classification information to determine a device classification; and

applying said device classification to a predetermined policy at least partially governing electrical delivery via said premises wiring system.

19. An apparatus as set forth in claim 18, wherein said one or more digital processors control delivery of power via the receptacle based on instructions and data communicated between logic at the receptacle and a local controller separate from the receptacle.

20. An apparatus as set forth in claim 18, wherein said one or more digital processors control delivery of power via the receptacle based on instructions and data communicated between said processors and a remote controller.

21. An apparatus as set forth in claim 18, wherein said one or more digital processors are operative for determining a type of said device and controlling delivery of power based on said determined type.

22. An electrical outlet apparatus as set forth in claim 18, wherein said digital processor is further operable to:

periodically acquire electrical usage signature information via said electrical receptacle;

iteratively determine a present device signature according to said periodically acquired electrical usage signature information; and

control delivery of power via said electrical receptacle based on said present device signature.

23. A method for use in power distribution, comprising the steps of:

applying a power signal via an electrical receptacle to a device electrically coupled with said electrical receptacle;

monitoring said power signal at said electrical receptacle to acquire an electrical usage signature of said device;

determining a device classification of said device according to said electrical usage signature;

making a determination at one or more points in time, based on said device classification, whether cycle stealing is appropriate for said device; and

based on said determination, selectively controlling delivery of power via said electrical receptacle based on applying said device classification to a policy by eliminating individual half cycles, or integer multiples thereof, of a power signal waveform delivered via said electrical receptacle while continuing to deliver power.

24. A method as set forth in claim 23, wherein said step of monitoring comprises, using a switch and logic for controlling said switch, said switch and logic disposed within a housing of said electrical receptacle, sampling said signal and comparing said sampled signal to electrical signature information corresponding to device classifications.

25. A method as set forth in claim 23, wherein said half cycles are eliminated on a periodic basis to reduce power consumption.

26. A method as set forth in claim 23, wherein said half cycles can be eliminated on a selected basis to achieve substantially any level of power reduction desired in accordance with said policy.

27. A method as set forth in claim 23, wherein said step of making a determination involves a binary decision that cycle stealing either is or is not appropriate for said device.

28. A method as set forth in claim 23, wherein said step of selectively controlling comprises operating a switch to eliminate individual half cycles or integer multiples thereof on successive occasions as determined to be appropriate by control logic.