System and methods of fluorescence, reflectance and light scattering spectroscopy for measuring tissue characteristics
First Claim
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1. A method of measuring spectral data to detect cancerous tissue comprising:
- inserting a fiber optic probe within an endoscope channel, the endoscope being inserted within a body cavity or lumen, the fiber optic probe having a central light delivery optical fiber and a plurality of light collection optical fibers that surround the central light delivery optical fiber, the probe collecting fluorescent light and reflected light from the tissue at a plurality of wavelengths;
illuminating tissue with light from a broadband light source optically coupled to the central light delivery optical fiber and a laser light source optically coupled to the central delivery optical fiber such that a selected region of tissue is illuminated;
detecting the collected fluorescent light and reflected light with a detector that is optically coupled to proximal ends of the collection optical fibers;
processing detected fluorescence light and detected reflected light with a data processor to form an intrinsic fluorescence spectrum and a diffuse reflectance spectrum; and
determining a characteristic of the tissue using the data processor that processes the intrinsic fluorescence spectrum and the diffuse reflectance spectrum, in combination, to detect cancerous tissue.
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Abstract
The present invention utilizes a plurality of spectroscopic systems and methods to measure characteristics of tissue useful in the diagnosis of disease. In a preferred embodiment, a combination of fluorescence, reflectance and light scattered spectra can be measured and processed to provide biochemical, architectural and morphological state of tissue. The methods and systems can be used particularly in the early detection of carcinoma within tissue in vivo and in vitro.
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Citations
31 Claims
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1. A method of measuring spectral data to detect cancerous tissue comprising:
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inserting a fiber optic probe within an endoscope channel, the endoscope being inserted within a body cavity or lumen, the fiber optic probe having a central light delivery optical fiber and a plurality of light collection optical fibers that surround the central light delivery optical fiber, the probe collecting fluorescent light and reflected light from the tissue at a plurality of wavelengths; illuminating tissue with light from a broadband light source optically coupled to the central light delivery optical fiber and a laser light source optically coupled to the central delivery optical fiber such that a selected region of tissue is illuminated; detecting the collected fluorescent light and reflected light with a detector that is optically coupled to proximal ends of the collection optical fibers; processing detected fluorescence light and detected reflected light with a data processor to form an intrinsic fluorescence spectrum and a diffuse reflectance spectrum; and determining a characteristic of the tissue using the data processor that processes the intrinsic fluorescence spectrum and the diffuse reflectance spectrum, in combination, to detect cancerous tissue. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13)
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14. An apparatus for detecting cancerous tissue comprising:
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a broadband light source that illuminates a region of interest in tissue to be measured with incident light; a laser light source; a fiber optic probe that collects reflected light and fluorescent light from a body tissue surface at a plurality of wavelengths, the probe having a central light delivery optical fiber that is optically coupled to the laser light source and the broadband light source such that a selected tissue region can be illuminated with the laser light source and the broadband light source, and a plurality of light collection optical fibers surrounding the central light delivery fiber; a detector system optically coupled to the collection optical fibers that detects the collected light and provides fluorescence data and reflected light data at a plurality of wavelengths; and a data processor that processes the fluorescence data and the reflected light data to provide an intrinsic fluorescence spectrum and a diffuse reflectance spectrum, the intrinsic fluorescence spectrum and the diffuse reflectance spectrum being processed in combination to identify cancerous tissue in the region of interest. - View Dependent Claims (15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20)
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21. A method for detecting cancerous tissue comprising:
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acquiring a fluorescence spectrum with a fiber optic probe positioned to illuminate a body tissue surface, the fiber optic probe having a central light delivery optical fiber that is optically coupled at a proximal end to a laser light source and a plurality of light collection optical fibers surrounding the central delivery optical fiber; acquiring a reflectance spectrum with the fiber optic probe, the central delivery fiber being optically coupled at the proximal end to a broadband light source; processing the fluorescence spectrum and the reflectance spectrum with a data processor to provide an intrinsic fluorescence spectrum and a diffuse reflectance spectrum; and processing the intrinsic fluorescence spectrum and the diffuse reflectance spectrum, in combination, with the data processor to determine a biophysical tissue characteristic and thereby identify cancerous tissue. - View Dependent Claims (22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31)
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Specification