Biometric processing using random projection transforms
First Claim
1. A method for processing biometric data, the method comprising:
- obtaining, by a processing device, enrollment biometric data of an enrolling user; and
encoding, by a processing device, the enrollment biometric data using an enrollment random projection transform to produce transformed enrollment biometric data, wherein the enrollment random projection transform comprisesa measurement function that is sufficiently incoherent to a basis in which the enrollment biometric data is sparse, and meeting the conditions of;
mx+my≧
H(X,Y);
mx≧
H(X|Y);
my≧
H(Y|X);
mx<
H(X);
my<
H(Y);
where X is the enrollment biometric data, Y is at least one other biometric data, H(X,Y) is a joint entropy of X and Y, mx is an encoding rate of the enrollment random projection transform, my is an encoding rate of another random projection transform applied to Y, H(X) is an entropy of X expressing a minimum encoding rate needed to reconstruct X, H(Y) is an entropy of Y expressing a minimum encoding rate needed to reconstruct Y, H(X|Y) is a conditional entropy expressing a minimum encoding rate needed to reconstruct X given knowledge of Y and H(Y|X) is a conditional entropy expressing a minimum encoding rate needed to reconstruct Y given X.
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Accused Products
Abstract
To provide cancelable biometrics, random projection transforms are used to produce transformed biometric data that may be used for authentication purposes. Each random projection transform provides a one-way or irreversible transformation such that the resulting transformed biometric data alone cannot be used to reconstruct the biometric data. Enrollment and backup transforms are produced based on enrollment biometric data. Authentication is possible by similarly transforming authentication biometric and then securely reconstructing the enrollment and authentication biometric data for comparison. In a similar manner, the enrollment and backup transforms may be used to reenroll biometric data when its corresponding transformed biometric data is compromised without requiring further user intervention.
17 Citations
43 Claims
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1. A method for processing biometric data, the method comprising:
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obtaining, by a processing device, enrollment biometric data of an enrolling user; and encoding, by a processing device, the enrollment biometric data using an enrollment random projection transform to produce transformed enrollment biometric data, wherein the enrollment random projection transform comprises a measurement function that is sufficiently incoherent to a basis in which the enrollment biometric data is sparse, and meeting the conditions of;
mx+my≧
H(X,Y);
mx≧
H(X|Y);
my≧
H(Y|X);
mx<
H(X);
my<
H(Y);where X is the enrollment biometric data, Y is at least one other biometric data, H(X,Y) is a joint entropy of X and Y, mx is an encoding rate of the enrollment random projection transform, my is an encoding rate of another random projection transform applied to Y, H(X) is an entropy of X expressing a minimum encoding rate needed to reconstruct X, H(Y) is an entropy of Y expressing a minimum encoding rate needed to reconstruct Y, H(X|Y) is a conditional entropy expressing a minimum encoding rate needed to reconstruct X given knowledge of Y and H(Y|X) is a conditional entropy expressing a minimum encoding rate needed to reconstruct Y given X. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7)
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8. A method for processing biometric data, the method comprising:
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obtaining, by a processing device, authentication biometric data of an authenticating user; encoding, by the processing device, the authentication biometric data using an authentication random projection transform to produce transformed authentication biometric data, wherein the authentication random projection transform comprises a measurement function that sufficiently incoherent to a basis in which the e authentication biometric data is sparse, and meeting the conditions of;
mx+my≧
H(X,Y);
mx≧
H(X|Y);
my≧
H(Y|X);
mx<
H(X);
my<
H(Y);where X is the enrollment biometric data Y is at least one other biometric data, H(X,Y) is a joint entropy of X and Y, mx is an encoding rate of the enrollment random projection transform, my is an encoding rate of another random projection transform applied to Y,H(X) is an entropy of X expressing a minimum encoding rate needed to reconstruct X, H(Y) is an entropy of Y expressing a minimum encoding rate needed to reconstruct Y, H(X|Y) is a conditional entropy expressing a minimum encoding rate needed to reconstruct X given knowledge of Y and H(Y|X) is a conditional entropy expressing a minimum encoding rate needed to reconstruct Y given X, providing, by the processing device, the authentication random projection transform and the transformed authentication biometric data to an authenticator; and receiving, by the processing device from the authenticator, an authentication decision concerning the authenticating user, wherein the authenticating decision is based on the authentication random projection transform and the transformed authentication biometric data. - View Dependent Claims (9)
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10. A method for processing biometric data, the method comprising:
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obtaining, by a processing device, transformed enrollment biometric data, transformed authentication biometric data, an enrollment random projection transform and an authentication random projection transform; determining, by the processing device, reconstructed enrollment biometric data and reconstructed authentication biometric data based on the transformed enrollment biometric data, the transformed authentication biometric data, the enrollment random projection transform and the authentication random projection transform; comparing, by the processing device, the reconstructed enrollment biometric data and the reconstructed authentication biometric data; and providing, by the processing device, an authentication decision based on comparison of the reconstructed enrollment biometric data and the reconstructed authentication biometric data. - View Dependent Claims (11, 12, 13)
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14. A method for processing biometric data, the method comprising:
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obtaining, by a processing device, transformed enrollment biometric data, transformed backup biometric data, an enrollment random projection transform and a backup random projection transform; determining, by the processing device, reconstructed biometric data corresponding to an enrolling user based on the transformed enrollment biometric data, the transformed backup biometric data, the enrollment random projection transform and the backup random projection transform; and encoding, by the processing device, the reconstructed biometric data using a reenrollment random projection transform to produce transformed reconstructed biometric data, wherein knowledge of the reenrollment random projection transform and the transformed reconstructed biometric data is insufficient to reconstruct the reconstructed biometric data. - View Dependent Claims (15, 16, 17)
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18. A system for processing biometric data comprising:
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an enrollment encoder operative to process enrollment biometric data of an enrolling user using an enrollment random projection to transform to produce transformed enrollment biometric data, wherein the enrollment random projection transform comprises a measurement function that is sufficiently incoherent to a basis in which the enrollment biometric data is sparse, and meeting the conditions of
mx+my≧
H(X,Y);
mx≧
H(X|Y);
my≧
H(Y|X);
mx<
H(X);
my<
H(Y);where X is the enrollment biometric data, Y is at least one other biometric data, H(X,Y) is a joint entropy of X and Y, mx is an encoding rate of the enrollment random projection transform, my is an encoding rate of another random projection transform applied to Y, H(X) is an entropy of X expressing a minimum encoding rate needed to reconstruct X, H(Y) is an entropy of Y expressing a minimum encoding rate needed to reconstruct Y, H(X|Y) is a conditional entropy expressing a minimum encoding rate needed to reconstruct X given knowledge of Y and H(Y|X)is a conditional entropy expressing a minimum encoding rate needed to reconstruct Y given X, and an authentication database, in communication with the enrollment encoder, operative to store the transformed enrollment biometric data and the enrollment random projection transform in association with an identification of the enrolling user. - View Dependent Claims (19, 20, 21)
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22. An system for processing biometric data comprising:
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an authentication encoder operative to process authentication biometric data of an authenticating user using an authentication random projection transform to produce transformed authentication biometric data, wherein knowledge of the authentication random projection transform and the transformed authentication biometric data is insufficient reconstruct the authentication biometric data; an authentication reconstructor, in communication with the authentication encoder, operative to determine reconstructed enrollment biometric data and reconstructed authentication biometric data based on transformed enrollment biometric data, the transformed authentication biometric data, an enrollment random projection transform and the authentication random projection transform; and a comparator, in communication with the authentication reconstructor, operative to compare the reconstructed enrollment biometric data and the reconstructed authentication biometric data and provide an authentication decision based on comparison of the reconstructed enrollment biometric data and the reconstructed authentication biometric data. - View Dependent Claims (23, 24, 25)
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26. A system for processing biometric data comprising:
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an authentication database comprising transformed enrollment biometric data and an enrollment random projection transform associated with an identification of an enrolling user; a backup database comprising transformed backup biometric data and a backup random projection transform associated with the identification of the enrolling user; a reenrollment reconstructor, in communication with the authentication database and the backup database, operative to determine reconstructed enrollment biometric data based on the transformed enrollment biometric data, the transformed backup biometric data, the enrollment random projection transform and the backup random projection transform; and a reenrollment encoder operative to process the reconstructed enrollment biometric data using a reenrollment random projection transform to produce transformed reconstructed biometric data, wherein knowledge of the reenrollment random projection transform and the transformed reconstructed biometric data is insufficient to reconstruct enrollment biometric data. - View Dependent Claims (27, 28)
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29. An apparatus for processing biometric data comprising:
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a processor; and a processor-readable medium having stored thereon executable instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to; obtaining enrollment biometric data of an enrolling user; and encode the enrollment biometric data using an enrollment random projection transform to produce transformed enrollment biometric data, wherein the enrollment random projection transform comprises a measurement function that is sufficiently incoherent to a basis in which the enrollment biometric data is sparse, and meeting the conditions of meeting the conditions of;
mx+my≧
H(X,Y);
mx≧
H(X|Y);
my≧
H(Y|X);
mx<
H(X);
my<
H(Y);where X is the enrollment biometric data, Y is at least one other biometric data, H(X,Y) is a joint entropy of X and Y, mx is an encoding rate of the enrollment random projection transform, my an encoding another random projection transform applied to Y, H(X)is an entropy of X expressing a minimum encoding rate needed to reconstruct X, H(Y) is an entropy of Y expressing a minimum encoding rate needed to reconstruct Y, H(X|Y) is a conditional entropy expressing a minimum encoding rate needed to reconstruct X given knowledge of Y and H(Y|X) is a conditional entropy expressing a minimum encoding rate needed to reconstruct Y given X. - View Dependent Claims (30, 31, 32, 33)
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34. An apparatus for processing biometric data comprising:
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a processor; and a processor-readable medium having stored thereon executable instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to; obtain authentication biometric data of an authenticating user; encode the authentication biometric data using an authentication random projection transform to produce transformed authentication biometric data, wherein the authentication random projection transform comprises a measurement function that is sufficiently incoherent to a basis in which the authentication biometric data is sparse, and meeting the conditions of;
mx+my≧
H(X,Y);
mx≧
H(X|Y);
my≧
H(Y|X);
mx<
H(X);
my<
H(Y);where X is the enrollment biometric data, Y is at least one other biometric data, H(X,Y) is a joint entropy of X and Y, mx is a rate of the enrollment random projection transform, my is an encoding rate of another random projection transform applied to Y, H(X) is an entropy of X expressing a minimum encoding rate needed to reconstruct X, H(Y) is an entropy of Y expressing a minimum encoding rate needed to reconstruct Y, H(X|Y) is a conditional entropy expressing a minimum encoding rate needed to reconstruct X given knowledge of Y and H(Y|X) is a conditional entropy expressing a minimum encoding rate needed to reconstruct Y given X, providing the authentication random projection transform and the transformed authentication biometric data to an authenticator; and receive, from the authenticator, an authentication decision concerning the authenticating user, wherein the authenticating decision is based on the authentication random projection transform and the transformed authentication biometric data. - View Dependent Claims (35)
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36. An apparatus for processing biometric data comprising:
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a processor; and a processor-readable medium having stored thereon executable instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to; obtain transformed enrollment biometric data, transformed authentication biometric data, an enrollment random projection transform and an authentication random projection transform; determine reconstructed enrollment biometric data and reconstructed authentication biometric data based on the transformed enrollment biometric data, the transformed authentication biometric data, the enrollment random projection transform and the authentication random projection transform; compare the reconstructed enrollment biometric data and the reconstructed authentication biometric data; and provide an authentication decision based on comparison of the reconstructed enrollment biometric data and the reconstructed authentication biometric data. - View Dependent Claims (37, 38, 39)
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40. An apparatus for processing biometric data comprising:
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a processor; and a processor-readable medium having stored thereon executable instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to; obtain transformed enrollment biometric data, transformed backup biometric data, an enrollment random projection transform and a backup random projection transform; determine reconstructed biometric data corresponding to an enrolling user based on the transformed enrollment biometric data, the transformed backup biometric data, the enrollment random projection transform and the backup random projection transform; and encode the reconstructed biometric data using a reenrollment random projection transform to produce transformed reconstructed biometric data, wherein knowledge of the reenrollment random projection transform and the transformed reconstructed biometric data is insufficient to reconstruct the reconstructed biometric data. - View Dependent Claims (41, 42, 43)
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Specification