Phase matching for difference frequency generation and nonlinear optical conversion for planar waveguides via vertical coupling
First Claim
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1. An apparatus for generating and steering electromagnetic radiation, comprising:
- a substrate having a surface; and
a waveguide adjacent said surface of said substrate, said waveguide having at least one input port for receiving a first input light beam having a first frequency and a second input light beam having a second frequency different from said first frequency, and configured to have a plurality of adjacent waveguide segments, said plurality of adjacent waveguide segments of said waveguide configured as a phased array;
said waveguide is configured so that, in response to a first input light beam provided as a first laser beam having a first frequency, and a second input light beam provided as a second laser beam having a second frequency, an output electromagnetic radiation beam is generated that includes a signal at a frequency corresponding to a difference between said first frequency of said first input light beam and said second frequency of said second input light beam, said output electromagnetic radiation beam configured to be steered by said phased array.
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Abstract
A high index contrast waveguide based source for radiation. In some embodiments, the radiation is in the 0.5-14 Terahertz regime. Waveguides are provided that permit the generation of radiation at the sum and/or difference frequency of two input beams. In order to control the power level within the waveguide, embodiments in which pluralities of similar or identical waveguide are provided, and the input radiation is divided among the plurality of waveguides. The output radiation can be steered by applying phased array methods and principles.
45 Citations
23 Claims
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1. An apparatus for generating and steering electromagnetic radiation, comprising:
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a substrate having a surface; and a waveguide adjacent said surface of said substrate, said waveguide having at least one input port for receiving a first input light beam having a first frequency and a second input light beam having a second frequency different from said first frequency, and configured to have a plurality of adjacent waveguide segments, said plurality of adjacent waveguide segments of said waveguide configured as a phased array; said waveguide is configured so that, in response to a first input light beam provided as a first laser beam having a first frequency, and a second input light beam provided as a second laser beam having a second frequency, an output electromagnetic radiation beam is generated that includes a signal at a frequency corresponding to a difference between said first frequency of said first input light beam and said second frequency of said second input light beam, said output electromagnetic radiation beam configured to be steered by said phased array. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18)
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19. A method of generating and steering electromagnetic radiation, comprising the steps of:
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providing a structure comprising; a substrate having a surface; and a waveguide adjacent said surface of said substrate, said waveguide having at least one input port for receiving a first input light beam having a first frequency and a second input light beam having a second frequency different from said first frequency, and configured to have a plurality of adjacent waveguide segments, said plurality of adjacent waveguide segments of said waveguide configured as a phased array; said waveguide is configured so that, in response to a first input light beam provided as a first laser beam having a first frequency, and a second input light beam provided as a second laser beam having a second frequency, an output electromagnetic radiation beam is generated that includes a signal at a frequency corresponding to a difference between said first frequency of said first input light beam and said second frequency of said second input light beam, said output electromagnetic radiation beam configured to be steered by said phased array; providing a first continuous-wave laser beam having a first frequency as input at said at least one input port; providing a second continuous-wave laser beam having a second frequency different from said first frequency as input at said at least one input port, and observing electromagnetic radiation at a difference frequency between said first frequency of said first input laser beam and said second frequency of said second input laser beam. - View Dependent Claims (20, 21, 22, 23)
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Specification