Implantable medical device with adaptive signal processing and artifact cancellation

• US 8,391,944 B2
• Filed: 01/15/2010
• Issued: 03/05/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 01/15/2009
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Medtronic Incorporated (Medtronic Plc)
• Original Assignee: Medtronic Incorporated (Medtronic Plc)
• Inventors: O'Brien, Richard J., Deno, D. Curtis, Anderson, David A., Bloem, David R.
• Primary Examiner(s): Winakur, Eric
• Assistant Examiner(s): Smith, Linda B
• Application Number:
  US12/687,954
• Publication Number:
  US 20100179611A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,145 Days
• Field of Search: 600/324, 607/22
• US Class Current: 600/324
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0084 for introduction into the body, e.g. by catheters A61B5/1459 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0086 using infrared radiation
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/02028 Determining haemodynamic parameters not otherwise provided for, e.g. cardiac contractility or left ventricular ejection fraction
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/363 Detecting tachycardia or bradycardia
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7207 of noise induced by motion artifacts
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36514 controlled by a physiological quantity other than heart potential, e.g. blood pressure controlled by two or more physical parameters A61N1/36585

Abstract

A medical device includes one or more sensors used to acquire a multi-dimensional signal. In one embodiment, principal component analysis is performed on the multi-dimensional signal to produce signal data. The principal component analysis results are used to cancel signal artifact in one embodiment. A medical device controller produces one of a therapy control and a diagnostic output in response to the signal data.

Claims

1. A medical device, comprising:

a light source configured to emit light at a plurality of wavelengths;

a detector configured to detect the emitted light and generate a corresponding detected light signal;

a signal conditioning module separating the detected light signal into a multi-dimensional signal, each of the dimensions of the multi-dimensional signal corresponding to scattered light received at a wavelength of the plurality of wavelengths;

a digital signal processor performing principal component analysis in response to the multi-dimensional signal to generate corresponding signal data;

a controller generating one of a therapy control signal and a diagnostic output signal in response to the signal data, wherein the controller detects a condition of a variable influencing the detector signal and initiates computation of a principal component by the digital signal processor in response to the detected condition, and wherein the controller detects a change in the condition of the variable and controls the digital signal processor to terminate computation of the principal component and store a currently computed principal component as the principal component corresponding to the detected variable condition in response to detecting the change in the condition; and

a memory, wherein the digital signal processor stores in the memory the principal component of the multi-dimensional signal computed by performing the principal component analysis, the principal component corresponding to the detected variable condition.

2. The medical device of claim 1, wherein the digital signal processor identifies a principal component as a first principal component of the multi-dimensional signal, the first principal component corresponding to a direction of greatest variation of the multi-dimensional signal during the detected variable condition, and stores the first principal component.

3. The medical device of claim 1, wherein the variable condition corresponds to an artifact influencing the detector signal, and the digital signal processor computes signal data compensated for the artifact using the stored principal component.

4. The medical device of claim 1, wherein the digital signal processor computes a covariance matrix using the multi-dimensional signal, and further comprising a filter for filtering the covariance matrix, wherein the controller determines a time constant for the filter based on a frequency of the variable.

5. The medical device of claim 1, wherein the controller determines a convergence metric in response to the multi-dimensional signal and the digital signal processor stores the principal component in response to the convergence metric.

6. The medical device of claim 1, wherein the light source comprises a plurality of light emitting diodes, wherein the controller selects light emitting diodes of the plurality of light emitting diodes being activated to emit light based upon the principal component analysis.

7. The medical device of claim 1, further comprising a therapy delivery module for delivering a therapy, wherein the controller generates a therapy control output signal received by the therapy delivery module, the therapy control output signal based at least in part upon the signal data.

8. A method of generating a signal in a medical device, comprising:

emitting light at a plurality of wavelengths;

detecting the emitted light and generating a corresponding detected light signal;

separating the detected light signal into a multi-dimensional signal, each of the dimensions of the multi-dimensional signal corresponding to scattered light received at a wavelength of the plurality of wavelengths;

performing principal component analysis in response to the multi-dimensional signal to generate corresponding signal data;

generating one of a therapy control signal and a diagnostic output signal in response to the signal data;

detecting a condition of a variable influencing the detected light;

initiating computation of the principal component of the multi-dimensional signal data in response to detecting the variable condition;

storing the principal component of the multi-dimensional signal, the principal component corresponding to the detected variable condition;

detecting a change in the condition of the variable;

terminating computation of the principal component in response to detecting the change; and

storing a currently computed principal component as the principal component corresponding to the detected variable condition in response to detecting the change in the condition.

9. The method of claim 8 further comprising:

identifying a principal component as a first principal component of the multi-dimensional signal, the first principal component corresponding to a direction of greatest variation of the multi-dimensional signal during the detected variable condition; and

storing the first principal component.

10. The method of claim 8, wherein the variable condition corresponds to an artifact and the signal data is compensated for the artifact using the stored principal component.

11. The method of claim 8, wherein performing the principal component analysis comprises computing a covariance matrix using the multi-dimensional signal, and further comprising:

filtering the covariance matrix; and

setting a time constant for the filter based on a frequency of the variable condition.

12. The method of claim 8, further comprising:

determining a convergence metric in response to the multi-dimensional signal; and

storing the principal component in response to the convergence metric.

13. The method of claim 8, further comprising selecting wavelengths to be emitted based upon the principal component analysis.

14. The method of claim 8, further comprising generating a therapy control output signal based at least in part upon the signal data.

15. A non-transitory computer readable medium having computer executable instructions for performing a method comprising:

emitting light at a plurality of wavelengths;

detecting the emitted light and generating a corresponding detected light signal;

separating the detected light signal into a multi-dimensional signal, each of the dimensions of the multi-dimensional signal corresponding to scattered light received at a wavelength of the plurality of wavelengths;

performing principal component analysis in response to the multi-dimensional signal to generate corresponding signal data;

generating one of a therapy control signal and a diagnostic output signal in response to the signal data;

detecting a condition of a variable influencing the detected light;

initiating computation of the principal component of the multi-dimensional signal data in response to detecting the variable condition;

storing the principal component of the multi-dimensional signal, the principal component corresponding to the detected variable condition;

detecting a change in the condition of the variable;

terminating computation of the principal component in response to detecting the change; and

storing a currently computed principal component as the principal component corresponding to the detected variable condition in response to detecting the change in the condition.

16. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 15, the method further comprising:

detecting a condition of a variable influencing the detected light;

initiating computation of a principal component of the multi-dimensional signal data in response to detecting the variable condition; and

storing the principal component of the multi-dimensional signal, the principal component corresponding to the detected variable condition.

17. A medical device, comprising:

a light source configured to emit light at a plurality of wavelengths;

a detector configured to detect the emitted light and generate a corresponding detected light signal;

a signal conditioning module separating the detected light signal into a multi-dimensional signal, each of the dimensions of the multi-dimensional signal corresponding to scattered light received at a wavelength of the plurality of wavelengths;

a digital signal processor performing principal component analysis in response to the multi-dimensional signal to generate corresponding signal data;

a controller generating one of a therapy control signal and a diagnostic output signal in response to the signal data, wherein the controller detects a condition of a variable influencing the detector signal and initiates computation of a principal component corresponding to the detected variable condition by the digital signal processor in response to the detected condition, and wherein the controller detects a change in the condition of the variable and controls the digital signal processor to terminate computation of the principal component in response to detecting the change in the condition.

18. The medical device of claim 17, further comprising:

a memory, wherein the digital signal processor stores in the memory the principal component of the multi-dimensional signal computed by performing the principal component analysis.

19. The medical device of claim 17, further comprising:

a memory, wherein in response to terminating computation of the principal component, the digital signal processor stores in the memory a currently computed principal component as the principal component corresponding to the detected variable condition.