Wireless non-radiative energy transfer
First Claim
Patent Images
1. A system, comprising:
- a source resonator, configured to be coupled to an energy source, the source resonator having a resonant frequency ω
1 and an intrinsic loss rate Γ
1, and capable of storing electromagnetic energy with a high intrinsic quality factor Q1=ω
1/(2Γ
1), anda second resonator, the second resonator having a resonant frequency ω
2 and an intrinsic loss rate Γ
2, and capable of storing electromagnetic energy with a high intrinsic quality factor Q2=ω
2/(2Γ
2),wherein at least one of the resonators has a characteristic size greater than or equal to 1 cm, andwherein the source resonator and second resonator are configured to be electro-magnetically coupled to exchange energy over a distance a few times the characteristic size via non-radiative wireless energy transfer.
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Abstract
The electromagnetic energy transfer device includes a first resonator structure receiving energy from an external power supply. The first resonator structure has a first Q-factor. A second resonator structure is positioned distal from the first resonator structure, and supplies useful working power to an external load. The second resonator structure has a second Q-factor. The distance between the two resonators can be larger than the characteristic size of each resonator. Non-radiative energy transfer between the first resonator structure and the second resonator structure is mediated through coupling of their resonant-field evanescent tails.
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Citations
22 Claims
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1. A system, comprising:
-
a source resonator, configured to be coupled to an energy source, the source resonator having a resonant frequency ω
1 and an intrinsic loss rate Γ
1, and capable of storing electromagnetic energy with a high intrinsic quality factor Q1=ω
1/(2Γ
1), anda second resonator, the second resonator having a resonant frequency ω
2 and an intrinsic loss rate Γ
2, and capable of storing electromagnetic energy with a high intrinsic quality factor Q2=ω
2/(2Γ
2),wherein at least one of the resonators has a characteristic size greater than or equal to 1 cm, and wherein the source resonator and second resonator are configured to be electro-magnetically coupled to exchange energy over a distance a few times the characteristic size via non-radiative wireless energy transfer. - View Dependent Claims (7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22)
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2. A system, comprising:
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a source resonator, configured to be coupled to an energy source, the source resonator having a resonant frequency ω
1 and an intrinsic loss rate Γ
1, and capable of storing electromagnetic energy with a high intrinsic quality factor Q1 =ω
1 / (2Γ
1), anda second resonator, the second resonator having a resonant frequency ω
2 and an intrinsic loss rate Γ
2, and capable of storing electromagnetic energy with a high intrinsic quality factor Q2=ω
2/(2Γ
2),wherein at least one of the resonators has a characteristic size greater than or equal to 30 cm, and wherein the source resonator and second resonator are configured to be electro-magnetically coupled to exchange energy over a distance a few times the characteristic size via non-radiative wireless energy transfer.
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3. A system, comprising:
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a source resonator, configured to be coupled to an energy source, the source resonator having a resonant frequency ω
1 and an intrinsic loss rate Γ
1, and capable of storing electromagnetic energy with a high intrinsic quality factor Q1=ω
1/(2Γ
1), anda second resonator, the second resonator having a resonant frequency ω
2 and an intrinsic loss rate Γ
2, and capable of storing electromagnetic energy with a high intrinsic quality factor Q2=ω
2/(2Γ
2),wherein at least one of the resonators has a characteristic size greater than or equal to 60 cm, and wherein the source resonator and second resonator are configured to be electro-magnetically coupled to exchange energy over a distance a few times the characteristic size via non-radiative wireless energy transfer.
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4. A system, comprising:
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a source resonator, configured to be coupled to an energy source, the source resonator having a resonant frequency ω
1 and an intrinsic loss rate Γ
1, and capable of storing electromagnetic energy with a high intrinsic quality factor and Q1=ω
1/(2Γ
1), anda second resonator, the second resonator having a resonant frequency ω
2 and an intrinsic loss rate Γ
2, and capable of storing electromagnetic energy with a high intrinsic quality factor Q2=ω
2/(2Γ
2),wherein the source resonator and second resonator are configured to be electro-magnetically coupled to exchange energy over a distance greater than 30 cm via non-radiative wireless energy transfer.
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5. A system, comprising:
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a source resonator, configured to be coupled to an energy source, the source resonator having a resonant frequency ω
1 and an intrinsic loss rate Γ
1, and capable of storing electromagnetic energy with a high intrinsic quality factor Q=ω
/(2Γ
1), anda second resonator, the second resonator having a resonant frequency ω
2 and an intrinsic loss rate Γ
2, and capable of storing electromagnetic energy with a high intrinsic quality factor Q2=ω
2/(2Γ
2),wherein the source resonator and second resonator are configured to be electro-magnetically coupled to exchange energy over a distance greater than 60 cm via non-radiative wireless energy transfer.
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6. A system, comprising:
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a source resonator, configured to be coupled to an energy source, the source resonator having a resonant frequency ω
1 and an intrinsic loss rate Γ
1, and capable of storing electromagnetic energy with a high intrinsic quality factor Q1=ω
1/(2Γ
1), anda second resonator, the second resonator having a resonant frequency ω
2 and an intrinsic loss rate Γ
2, and capable of storing electromagnetic energy with a high intrinsic quality factor Q2=ω
2/(2Γ
2),wherein the source resonator and second resonator are configured to be electro-magnetically coupled to exchange energy over a distance of a few meters via non-radiative wireless energy transfer.
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Specification