Transient RF detector and recorder

• US 8,401,488 B2
• Filed: 04/07/2011
• Issued: 03/19/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 06/01/2006
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: HPM Security Associates Limited Partnership
• Original Assignee: HPM Security Associates Limited Partner
• Inventors: Sulkowski, Robert V. Jr., Zborowski, Ronald W.
• Primary Examiner(s): Maung, Nay A
• Assistant Examiner(s): PEREZ, ANGELICA
• Application Number:
  US13/081,790
• Publication Number:
  US 20110181473A1
• Time in Patent Office: 712 Days
• Field of Search: 342/445, 307/104, 455/25, 455/63.4, 455/562.1, 455/575.5, 455/575.7, 455 6711- 6714, 343/757
• US Class Current: 455/67.11
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 29/0814 Field measurements related to measuring influence on or from apparatus, components or humans EMC, EMI and similar testing in general G01R31/001, e.g. in ESD, EMI, EMC, EMP testing, measuring radiation leakage; detecting presence of micro- or radiowave emitters; dosimetry; testing shielding; measurements related to lightning
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 29/0871 Complete apparatus or systems; circuits, e.g. receivers or amplifiers G01R29/0878, G01R29/0892 take precedence; dosimeters, warning devices G01R29/0857
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 29/0892 Details related to signal analysis or treatment; presenting results, e.g. displays; measuring specific signal features other than field strength, e.g. polarisation, field modes, phase, envelope, maximum value
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 17/23 Indication means, e.g. displays, alarms, audible means

Abstract

A portable device for detecting a radio frequency transmission of electromagnetic radiation includes a housing; a controller situated within the housing; memory communicatively connected to the controller; an antenna connected to the controller and configured to receive the radio frequency transmission; and an audio-generating component connected to the controller. The radio frequency transmission of the electromagnetic radiation is harmful to an electrical device and is from a transient electromagnetic device (TED) threat source. The controller is operative for sensing magnitude, duration, and/or repetition of the radio frequency transmission; identifying a class of the radio frequency transmission based on one of the magnitude, duration, and repetition associated with the radio frequency transmission; and causing the audio-generating component to output tones to provide aural discrimination of an identified class of the radio frequency transmission received by the portable device. The identified class is a transient electromagnetic pulse signal from the TED source.

Claims

1. A directional-sensing electromagnetic radiation detection device comprising:

a plurality of sector antenna/detector units, each of said sector antenna/detector units comprising;

a directional antenna element having a beam-width of approximately 90 degrees, and

an envelope detector structured to detect electromagnetic radiation signals,

wherein a first sector antenna/detector unit and a second sector antenna/detector unit of said sector antenna/detector units are situated along a first axis in substantially a same plane,

wherein a maximum sensitivity direction of each of said first and second sector antenna/detector units points away from each other along the first axis,

wherein a third sector antenna/detector unit and a fourth sector antenna/detector unit of said sector antenna/detector units are situated along a second axis in substantially said same plane,

wherein a maximum sensitivity direction of each of said third and fourth sector antenna/detector units points away from each other along the second axis, and

wherein the second axis is substantially perpendicular to the first axis; and

a controller structured to receive the detected electromagnetic radiation signals from each of the first, second, third and fourth sector antenna/detector units, sum the received detected electromagnetic radiation signals from the first and second sector antenna/detector units to obtain a first vector sum, sum the received detected electromagnetic radiation signals from the third and fourth sector antenna/detector units to obtain a second vector sum, and sum the first and second vector sums to obtain a net azimuth bearing of an emission source of the electromagnetic radiation signals.

2. The device of claim 1 wherein the electromagnetic radiation is a radio frequency signal or a transient electromagnetic pulse signal from a transient electromagnetic device (TED) threat source.

3. The device of claim 2 wherein the first, second, third and fourth sector antenna/detector units are sensitive to the radio frequency signal or the transient electromagnetic pulse signal having a wide band of frequency spectral components and are further sensitive to said signals arriving incident approximately to the maximum sensitivity direction of each of the first, second, third and fourth sector antenna/detector units at arbitrary polarization orientations.

4. The device of claim 1 wherein each of the first, second, third and fourth sector antenna/detector units comprises a printed circuit board including a square outline having a center and four corners on a plane and further including as the directional antenna element four monopole antenna elements, each of the four monopole antenna elements having a substantially triangular shape with a first portion and a distal second portion, the substantially triangular shape extending between the center of the printed circuit board and one of the four corners of the printed circuit board, the distal second portion having one of a triangular shape and bow-tie shape;

wherein each of the four monopole antenna elements includes a signal diode radio frequency envelope detector placed between the first portion and the center of the printed circuit board;

wherein the signal diode radio frequency envelope detector of each of the four monopole antenna elements is electrically connected in a diode-OR configuration of the printed circuit board in order that a highest level detected by any of the four monopole antenna elements is passed to the controller from a corresponding one of the first, second, third and fourth sector antenna/detector units; and

wherein a normal to the plane of the printed circuit board is co-linear with one of the first axis and the second axis of the corresponding one of the first, second, third and fourth sector antenna/detector units.

5. The device of claim 4 wherein a minimum sensitivity direction points away from the maximum sensitivity direction of each of said first and second sector antenna/detector units;

wherein a minimum sensitivity direction points away from the maximum sensitivity direction of each of said third and fourth sector antenna/detector units; and

wherein each of said first, second, third and fourth sector antenna/detector units comprises radio frequency absorbing material operable to attenuate signals arriving from the minimum sensitivity direction.

6. The device of claim 5 wherein each of said first, second, third and fourth sector antenna/detector units further comprises a plurality of sides and a metallic shield substantially surrounding the radio frequency absorbing material;

wherein one of said sides has the printed circuit board disposed thereon; and

wherein said metallic shield substantially encases each of said sides other than said one of said sides having the printed circuit board disposed thereon.

7. The device of claim 6 wherein said metallic shield further attenuates signals arriving from the minimum sensitivity direction to enhance directional-sensing of said device.

8. The device of claim 1 wherein a minimum sensitivity direction points away from the maximum sensitivity direction of each of said first and second sector antenna/detector units;

wherein a minimum sensitivity direction points away from the maximum sensitivity direction of each of said third and fourth sector antenna/detector units; and

wherein each of said first, second, third and fourth sector antenna/detector units comprises radio frequency absorbing material operable to attenuate signals arriving from the minimum sensitivity direction.

9. The device of claim 8 wherein the radio frequency absorbing material is structured to absorb a predefined range of the electromagnetic radiation.

10. The device of claim 8, wherein the radio frequency absorbing material is a radio frequency attenuating material.

11. The device of claim 1 wherein the controller is further structured to obtain a relative magnitude of the emission source of the electromagnetic radiation signals.

12. The device of claim 1 wherein each of the first, second, third and fourth sector antenna/detector units includes a first, second, third and fourth monopole element;

and wherein the first and second monopole elements are situated substantially perpendicular to the third and fourth monopole elements in substantially a same plane.

13. The device of claim 1 wherein each of the first, second, third and fourth sector antenna/detector units includes a first, second and third monopole element;

and wherein the first monopole element is situated in substantially 120 degree relation to the second monopole element and the second monopole element is situated in substantially 120 degree relation to the third monopole element in substantially a same plane.

14. The device of claim 1, wherein a point of intersection of the first axis and the second axis is substantially equidistant from the first, second, third, and fourth sector antenna/detector units.

15. The device of claim 1, wherein a predefined range of the electromagnetic radiation is between 100 MHz and 10 GHz.

16. The device of claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic radiation transmission is harmful to an electrical device.

17. The device of claim 16, wherein the electromagnetic radiation harmful to the electrical device is selected to disrupt or damage the electrical device.

18. A directional-sensing electromagnetic radiation detection device comprising:

a plurality of sector antenna/detector units, each of said sector antenna/detector units comprising;

a directional antenna element having a beam-width of approximately 90 degrees, and

an envelope detector structured to detect electromagnetic radiation signals,

wherein a first sector antenna/detector unit and a second sector antenna/detector unit of said sector antenna/detector units are situated along a first axis in substantially a same first plane,

wherein a maximum sensitivity direction of each of said first and second sector antenna/detector units points away from each other along the first axis,

wherein a third sector antenna/detector unit and a fourth sector antenna/detector unit of said sector antenna/detector units are situated along a second axis in substantially said same first plane,

wherein a maximum sensitivity direction of each of said third and fourth sector antenna/detector units points away from each other along the second axis,

wherein the second axis is substantially perpendicular to the first axis,

wherein a fifth sector antenna/detector unit of said sector antenna/detector units is situated along a third axis in a second plane different from said same first plane,

wherein the third axis is substantially perpendicular to the first axis and the second axis,

wherein the third axis intersects the first axis and the second axis at a point of intersection of the first axis and the second axis,

wherein the point of intersection is substantially equidistant from the first, second, third, fourth and fifth sector antenna/detector units; and

a controller structured to receive the detected electromagnetic radiation signals from each of the first, second, third, fourth and fifth sector antenna/detector units, sum the received detected electromagnetic radiation signals from the first and second sector antenna/detector units to obtain a first vector sum, sum the received detected electromagnetic radiation signals from the third and fourth sector antenna/detector units to obtain a second vector sum, and sum the first and second vector sums and the received detected electromagnetic radiation signal from the fifth sector antenna/detector unit as a vector to obtain a net azimuth bearing and an elevation bearing of an emission source of the electromagnetic radiation signals.

19. The device of claim 18 wherein the controller is further structured to obtain a relative magnitude of the emission source of the electromagnetic radiation signals.

20. A directional-sensing electromagnetic radiation detection device comprising:

a plurality of sector antenna/detector units, each of said sector antenna/detector units comprising;

a directional antenna element having a beam-width of approximately 90 degrees, and

an envelope detector structured to detect electromagnetic radiation signals,

wherein a first sector antenna/detector unit and a second sector antenna/detector unit of said sector antenna/detector units are situated along a first axis in substantially a same first plane,

wherein a maximum sensitivity direction of each of said first and second sector antenna/detector units points away from each other along the first axis,

wherein a third sector antenna/detector unit and a fourth sector antenna/detector unit of said sector antenna/detector units are situated along a second axis in substantially said same first plane,

wherein a maximum sensitivity direction of each of said third and fourth sector antenna/detector units points away from each other along the second axis,

wherein the second axis is substantially perpendicular to the first axis,

wherein a fifth sector antenna/detector unit of said sector antenna/detector units is situated along a third axis in a second plane different from said same first plane,

wherein a sixth sector antenna/detector unit of said sector antenna/detector units is situated along the third axis in the second plane,

wherein the third axis is substantially perpendicular to the first axis and the second axis,

wherein the third axis intersects the first axis and the second axis at a point of intersection of the first axis and the second axis,

wherein the point of intersection is substantially equidistant from the first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth sector antenna/detector units, and

wherein a maximum sensitivity direction of each of said fifth and sixth sector antenna/detector units points away from each other along the third axis; and

a controller structured to receive the detected electromagnetic radiation signals from each of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth sector antenna/detector units, sum the received detected electromagnetic radiation signals from the first and second sector antenna/detector units to obtain a first vector sum, sum the received detected electromagnetic radiation signals from the third and fourth sector antenna/detector units to obtain a second vector sum, sum the received detected electromagnetic radiation signals from the fifth and sixth sector antenna/detector units to obtain a third vector sum, and sum the first, second and third vector sums to obtain a net azimuth bearing and an elevation bearing of an emission source of the electromagnetic radiation signals.

21. The device of claim 20 wherein the controller is further structured to obtain a relative magnitude of the emission source of the electromagnetic radiation signals.