Communication apparatus, communication method, and communication system

• US 8,406,214 B2
• Filed: 11/05/2009
• Issued: 03/26/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 01/09/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Palmira Wireless AG
• Original Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba (Toshiba Corporation)
• Inventors: Takagi, Masahiro, Nishibayashi, Yasuyuki, Utsunomiya, Yoriko
• Primary Examiner(s): Lee, Andrew
• Application Number:
  US12/613,241
• Publication Number:
  US 20100046518A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,237 Days
• Field of Search: 370/338, 370/349, 370/392, 370/466, 370/401, 370/474
• US Class Current: 370/349
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/1607 Details of the supervisory signal
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/1614 using bitmaps
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/413 with random access, e.g. carrier-sense multiple-access with collision detection [CSMA-CD]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/46 Interconnection of networks
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/66 Arrangements for connecting between networks having differing types of switching systems, e.g. gateways
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2101/622 Layer-2 addresses, e.g. medium access control [MAC] addresses
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 5/0044 allocation of payload
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 5/0055 Physical resource allocation for ACK/NACK for physical mapping arrangements in ARQ protocols H04L1/1861
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 69/22 Parsing or analysis of headers
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 69/323 in the physical layer [OSI layer 1]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 69/324 in the data link layer [OSI layer 2], e.g. HDLC
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 28/06 Optimizing the usage of the radio link, e.g. header compression, information sizing , discarding information system modifying transmission characteristic according to link quality by modifying frame length H04L1/0007; dynamic adaptation of the packet size for flow control or congestion control H04L47/365
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 28/065 using assembly or disassembly of packets
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 28/14 using intermediate storage
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 52/0203 in the radio access network or backbone network of wireless communication networks
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 74/0816 with collision avoidance
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 84/12 WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/30 Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
• CPC Class Codes: Y02D 30/70 in wireless communication networks

Abstract

A physical frame is constructed, the physical frame including a medium access control super-frame payload which in turn includes a plurality of medium access control frames. With respect to the constructed physical frame, virtual carrier sense information is set in the plurality of medium access control frame so that a result of carrier sense is identical to another by virtual carrier sense based on the plurality of medium access control frames in the medium access control super-frame payload. The physical frame in which the virtual carrier sense information has been set is transmitted to a destined communication apparatus.

Claims

1. A semiconductor integrated circuit including a CPU that executes firmware, the semiconductor integrated circuit comprising:

a construction unit configured to construct a single first physical frame including a plurality of MAC frames, the MAC frames each including a destination address and a duration field, the duration field indicating a period during which a communication medium is occupied;

a setting unit configured to set a same address to destination addresses of the plurality of MAC frames and set a same value to duration fields of the plurality of MAC frames; and

a transmission unit configured to transmit the first physical frame to a destination communication apparatus,

wherein;

the first physical frame includes a physical header, the physical header including a first header for a first protocol and a second header for a second protocol, the second header following the first header,

the first header is decodable by a first communication apparatus that supports the first protocol and a second communication apparatus that supports the second communication protocol, and

the second header is decodable by the second communication apparatus.

2. The circuit according to claim 1, wherein the CPU includes at least part of MAC layer function.

3. The circuit according to claim 1, further comprising a reception unit configured to receive a single second physical frame including a plurality of MAC frames,

wherein MAC frames included in the second physical frame are passed from the reception unit to the CPU.

4. The circuit according to claim 1, wherein:

the plurality of MAC frames each includes a data field and a first check sequence for detecting an error in the data field; and

the first physical frame further includes length information representing lengths of the MAC frames and includes a second check sequence for detecting an error in the length information.

5. The circuit according to claim 1, further comprising a reception unit configured to receive an acknowledgement frame that is transmitted, as a response with respect to at least one of the plurality of MAC frames included in the first physical frame, after a Short IFS (SIFS) period is elapsed since transmission of the first physical frame.

6. The circuit according to claim 5, wherein:

the acknowledgement frame is decodable by the first communication apparatus and the second communication apparatus, and

the first physical frame is decodable by the second communication apparatus.

7. The circuit according to claim 5, further comprising a checking unit configured to check whether or not each of the plurality of MAC frames included in the first physical frame is received successfully, based on the acknowledgement frame.

8. The circuit according to claim 5, wherein the acknowledgement frame includes an acknowledgement bitmap indicating whether or not each of MAC frames included in the first physical frame is received successfully.

9. The circuit according to claim 4, wherein the construction unit sets the third length information for at least one MAC frame to “

0”

.

25. The circuit according to claim 1, wherein the first header includes information regarding a duration of the physical frame.

26. The circuit according to claim 1,

wherein the first header includes a length field and a rate field, and

wherein a value of the length field divided by a value of the rate field is related to a duration of the physical frame.

10. A semiconductor integrated circuit, comprising:

a CPU configured to execute firmware;

a construction unit configured to construct a single first physical frame including a plurality of MAC frames, the MAC frames each including a destination address and a duration field, the duration field indicating a period during which a communication medium is occupied;

a setting unit configured to set a same address to destination addresses of the plurality of MAC frames and set a same value to duration fields of the plurality of MAC frames; and

a transmission unit configured to transmit the first physical frame to a destination communication apparatus,

wherein;

the first physical frame includes a physical header, the physical header including a first header for a first protocol and a second header for a second protocol, the second header following the first header,

the first header is decodable by a first communication apparatus that supports the first protocol and a second communication apparatus that supports the second communication protocol, and

the second header is decodable by the second communication apparatus.

11. A communication apparatus, comprising:

an antenna; and

a semiconductor integrated circuit including a CPU that executes firmware, the semiconductor integrated circuit comprising;

a construction unit configured to construct a single first physical frame including a plurality of MAC frames, the MAC frames each including a destination address and a duration field, the duration field indicating a period during which a communication medium is occupied;

a setting unit configured to set a same address to destination addresses of the plurality of MAC frames and set a same value to duration fields of the plurality of MAC frames; and

a transmission unit configured to transmit the first physical frame to a destination communication apparatus through the antenna,

wherein;

the first physical frame includes a physical header, the physical header including a first header for a first protocol and a second header for a second protocol, the second header following the first header,

the first header is decodable by a first communication apparatus that supports the first protocol and a second communication apparatus that supports the second communication protocol, and

the second header is decodable by the second communication apparatus.

27. The apparatus according to claim 11, further comprising a reception unit configured to receive an acknowledgement frame through the antenna, the acknowledgement frame is transmitted, as a response with respect to at least one of the plurality of MAC frames included in the first physical frame, after a Short IFS (SIFS) period is elapsed since transmission of the first physical frame.

12. A semiconductor integrated circuit including a CPU that executes firmware, the semiconductor integrated circuit comprising:

a reception unit configured to receive a single first physical frame including a plurality of MAC frames, the MAC frames each including a destination address and a duration field, the duration field indicating a period during which a communication medium is occupied, wherein a same address is set to destination addresses of the plurality of MAC frames, and a same value is set to duration fields of the plurality of MAC frames; and

a determination unit configured to determine, if a destination address of a first MAC frame, in which no error is detected with a first check sequence, is not identical to a self address, that the communication medium is busy during occupation period, wherein the occupation period is indicated in a duration field of the first MAC frame,

wherein;

the first physical frame includes a physical header, the physical header including a first header for a first protocol and a second header for a second protocol, the second header following the first header,

the first header is decodable by a first communication apparatus that supports the first protocol and a second communication apparatus that supports the second communication protocol, and

the second header is decodable by the second communication apparatus.

13. The circuit according to claim 12, wherein the CPU includes at least part of MAC layer function.

14. The circuit according to claim 12, wherein MAC frames included in the first physical frame are passed from the reception unit to the CPU.

15. The circuit according to claim 12, wherein the first physical frame further includes length information representing lengths of the MAC frames and includes a second check sequence for detecting an error in the length information, the circuit further comprising:

a generation unit configured to generate an acknowledgement frame in which a MAC frame is indicated as one that is received successfully, if, for the MAC frame, no error is detected in the length information with the second check sequence and no error is detected with the first check sequence; and

a transmission unit configured to transmit an acknowledgement frame with respect to at least one of the plurality of MAC frames, after a Short IFS (SIFS) period is elapsed since reception of the first physical frame.

16. The circuit according to claim 15, wherein:

the acknowledgement frame includes a reception status that indicates whether or not each of the MAC frames included in the first physical frame is received successfully;

the acknowledgement frame is decodable by the first communication apparatus and the second communication apparatus; and

the first physical frame is decodable by the second communication apparatus.

17. The circuit according to claim 16, wherein:

the reception unit further receives a second physical frame which is retransmitted based on the reception status, the second physical frame including a MAC frame that was not received successfully; and

the transmission unit transmits a second acknowledgement frame including a reception status that indicates whether or not the MAC frame included in the second physical frame is received successfully.

18. The circuit according to claim 16, wherein:

the reception unit further receives a second physical frame which is retransmitted based on the reception status;

the transmission unit transmits a second acknowledgement frame in which the reception status for the first physical frame is updated with a reception status that indicates whether or not the MAC frame included in the second physical frame is received successfully.

19. The circuit according to claim 16, wherein:

the plurality of MAC frames included in the first physical frame are data frames;

the reception unit receives a second physical frame which is retransmitted based on the reception status, and including a data frame that was not received successfully; and

the generation unit generates a new acknowledgement bitmap from a previous acknowledgement bitmap, by updating the reception status for the first physical frame with a reception status that indicates whether or not the MAC frame included in the second physical frame is received successfully.

20. The circuit according to claim 12, wherein the plurality of MAC frames are data frames, the circuit further comprising:

a buffer to temporarily store a plurality of data frames that are successfully received by the reception unit so that data frames are read out from the buffer in an order corresponding to a sequence number assigned to each of data frames;

a forwarding unit configured to, based on a comparison between a sequence number of a data frame stored in the buffer and a sequence number of a data frame that is included in a physical frame newly received, forward at least one of data frames in the buffer to an upper layer process.

21. The circuit according to claim 12, wherein a power saving control is started when the first MAC frame is received, for a period indicated by a duration field in the first MAC frame.

22. The circuit according to claim 15, wherein the transmission unit transmits, in response to reception of the first physical frame, a physical frame including a data frame without contending again for a transmission privilege.

28. The circuit according to claim 12, wherein the first header includes information regarding a duration of the first physical frame.

29. The circuit according to claim 12,

wherein the first header includes a length field and a rate field, and

wherein a value of the length field divided by a value of the rate field is related to a duration of the first physical frame.

23. A semiconductor integrated circuit, comprising:

a CPU configured to execute firmware;

a reception unit configured to receive a single first physical frame including a plurality of MAC frames, the MAC frames each including a destination address and a duration field, the duration field indicating a period during which a communication medium is occupied, wherein a same address is set to destination addresses of the plurality of MAC frames, and a same value is set to duration fields of the plurality of MAC frames; and

a determination unit configured to determine, if a destination address of a first MAC frame, in which no error is detected with a first check sequence, is not identical to a self address, that the communication medium is busy during occupation period, wherein the occupation period is indicated in a duration field of the first MAC frame,

wherein;

the first physical frame includes a physical header, the physical header including a first header for a first protocol and a second header for a second protocol, the second header following the first header,

the first header is decodable by a first communication apparatus that supports the first protocol and a second communication apparatus that supports the second communication protocol, and

the second header is decodable by the second communication apparatus.

24. A communication apparatus, comprising:

an antenna; and

a semiconductor integrated circuit including a CPU that executes firmware, the semiconductor integrated circuit comprising;

a reception unit configured to receive a single first physical frame including a plurality of MAC frames through the antenna, the MAC frames each including a destination address and a duration field, the duration field indicating a period during which a communication medium is occupied, wherein a same address is set to destination addresses of the plurality of MAC frames, and a same value is set to duration fields of the plurality of MAC frames; and

a determination unit configured to determine, if a destination address of a first MAC frame, in which no error is detected with a first check sequence, is not identical to a self address, that the communication medium is busy during occupation period, wherein the occupation period is indicated in a duration field of the first MAC frame,

wherein;

the first physical frame includes a physical header, the physical header including a first header for a first protocol and a second header for a second protocol, the second header following the first header,

the first header is decodable by a first communication apparatus that supports the first protocol and a second communication apparatus that supports the second communication protocol, and

the second header is decodable by the second communication apparatus.

30. The apparatus according to claim 24,

wherein the first physical frame further includes length information representing lengths of the MAC frames and includes a second check sequence for detecting an error in the first length information, and further comprising:

a generation unit configured to generate an acknowledgement frame in which a MAC frame is indicated as one that is received successfully, if, for the MAC frame, no error is detected in the length information with the second check sequence and no error is detected with the first check sequence; and

a transmission unit configured to transmit an acknowledgement frame with respect to at least one of the plurality of MAC frames through the antenna, after a Short IFS (SIFS) period is elapsed since reception of the first physical frame.