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Method and system for wasteless processing and complete utilization of municipal and domestic wastes

  • US 8,419,902 B2
  • Filed: 05/19/2009
  • Issued: 04/16/2013
  • Est. Priority Date: 05/19/2009
  • Status: Active Grant
First Claim
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1. A system for processing and utilizing municipal and domestic waste comprising the following main modules connected in series:

  • a waste pre-treatment and feed module, a pyrolysis reactor, a syngas cleaning module, and an energy generation unit, whereinthe waste-pretreatment and feed module comprises;

    a waste-sorting unit for sorting the wastes to be treated and for removing untreatable items;

    a waste-mixture grinder for grinding the presorted wastes to produce ground wastes of a predetermined dimensions suitable for processing and utilization, the waste-mixture grinder being connected to the waste-sorting unit;

    a dryer for drying the ground wastes, the dryer being connected to the waste-mixture grinder; and

    a dry-waste accumulator with a loading mechanism and an unloading mechanism, the loading mechanism being connected to the dryer, and the unloading mechanism being connected to the pyrolysis reactor that decomposes the wastes essentially into a syngas and solid products of pyrolysis;

    the pyrolysis reactor comprises two waste-feeding screws tapered in shapes with a taper angle that decreases the diameters of the waste-feeding screws along the length of the waste-feeding screws, the waste-feeding screws converging toward each other with a convergence angle;

    the syngas cleaning module comprises;

    a dry cleaner that is connected to the pyrolysis reactor for receiving the syngas produced in pyrolysis;

    a gas cooler for reducing the gas temperature;

    a wet-cleaning stage connected to the gas cooler and that comprises a first wet syngas cleaner connected to the gas cooler and intended for cleaning the syngas with a flow of water, and a second wet syngas cleaner connected to the first wet syngas cleaner and intended for cleaning syngas with a flow of an alkali solution; and

    an absorber that is connected to the wet-cleaning stage for receiving the syngas therefrom and for separating at least a reusable gaseous carbon dioxide from the syngas;

    the system further comprising;

    a floatator that is connected to the wet-cleaning stage and produces reusable water;

    a centrifuge which is connected to the unloading mechanism of the pyrolysis reactor and is intended for purification of the solid products of pyrolysis; and

    a desorber that is connected to the absorber and has means for separating the CO2-saturated aqueous solution obtained from the absorber into CO2 and processing water.

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