Synchronization improvements

• US 8,429,123 B2
• Filed: 09/22/2008
• Issued: 04/23/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 06/06/2008
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Original Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Inventors: McCarthy, Brendan A., Guenther, Carsten
• Primary Examiner(s): VO, TRUONG V
• Application Number:
  US12/235,539
• Publication Number:
  US 20090307281A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,674 Days
• Field of Search: 707/618, 707/620, 707/621
• US Class Current: 707/618
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/273 Asynchronous replication or reconciliation
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/9562 Bookmark management

Abstract

Synchronization architectures, methods, systems, and computer readable media are described. In one embodiment, a synchronization session is initiated between a first data processing system and a second data processing system. First data, representing changes to a first data class, is transmitted from the first data processing system to the second data processing system. Second data, representing changes to a second data class, is transmitted from the first data processing system to the second data processing system. Transmission of the second data begins before transmission of the first data is complete. The first data may comprise structured data such as contacts information, to do information, calendar information, or web browsing bookmarks.

Claims

1. A machine implemented method for processing data, the method comprising:

initiating, by a first data processing system, a negotiation of synchronization mode between the first data processing system and a second data processing system, for a first data class and a second data class;

transmitting, by the first data processing system, first data representing changes to the first data class, from the first data processing system to the second data processing system, wherein the transmitting of the first data begins before completing the negotiation of the synchronization mode for the first data class;

transmitting, by the first data processing system, second data representing changes to a second data class from the first data processing system to the second data processing system, wherein transmitting the second data begins before receiving the response to the transmitting of the first data; and

receiving, at the first data processing system, a response to the transmitting of the first data, the response to the transmitting of the first data comprising completing the negotiation of the synchronization mode for the first data class; and

receiving, at the first data processing system, a response to the transmitting of the second data, the response to the transmitting of the second data comprising completing the negotiation of the synchronization mode for the second data class, wherein the synchronization mode for the first data class is independent of the synchronization mode for the second data class.

2. The method as in claim 1 wherein respective synchronization of the first data class and the second data class each operate according to different respective state machines.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein the first data comprises structured data in at least one of the following data classes:

(a) contacts information;

(b) to do information;

(c) calendar information; and

(d) web browsing bookmarks.

4. The method as in claim 3 wherein the first data class and the second data class belong to a plurality of data classes and wherein the plurality of data classes is synchronized in a single transport roundtrip.

5. The method as in claim 4 wherein data within each data class is independent of the data in each other data class.

6. The method as in claim 5 wherein the first data can specify no changes.

7. The method as in claim 1 wherein initiating the negotiation of the synchronization mode for a data class begins a synchronization session for the data class.

8. The method as in claim 7 wherein the synchronization session uses synchronization anchors exchanged between the first and the second data processing systems.

9. The method as in claim 8 wherein the first data comprises data changed in the first data class since a prior synchronization session.

10. A machine implemented method for processing data, the method comprising:

receiving, at a second data processing system, a negotiation of synchronization mode between the second data processing system and a first data processing system, for a first data class and a second data class;

receiving, at the second data processing system, first data representing changes to the first data class, and second data representing changes to the second data class, from the first data processing system to the second data processing system, wherein receiving the first data begins before completing the negotiation of the synchronization mode for the first data class and receiving the second data begins before completing the negotiation of the synchronization mode for the second data class and before transmitting a response to the receiving of the first data;

receiving, at the first data processing system, a response to the transmitting of the first data, the response to the transmitting of the first data comprising completing the negotiation of the synchronization mode for the first data class;

transmitting, to the first data processing system, a response to the receiving of the first data, wherein transmitting a response to the receiving of the first data comprises completing the negotiation of the synchronization mode for the first data class; and

transmitting, to the first data processing system, a response to the receiving of the second data, wherein transmitting a response to the receiving of the second data comprises completing the negotiation of the synchronization mode for the second data class, wherein the synchronization mode for the first data class is independent of the synchronization mode for the second data class.

11. The method as in claim 10 wherein respective synchronization of the first data class and the second data class each operate according to different respective state machines.

12. The method of claim 10 wherein the first data comprises structured data in at least one of the following data classes:

(a) contacts information;

(b) to do information;

(c) calendar information; and

(d) web browsing bookmarks.

13. A non-transitory machine-readable storage medium storing instructions which when executed by a data processing system cause the data processing system to perform a method of processing data, the method comprising:

initiating, by a first data processing system, a synchronization session between the first data processing system and a second data processing system, wherein initiating the synchronization session comprises beginning a negotiation of a synchronization mode between the first data processing system and the second data processing system;

transmitting, by the first data processing system, first data representing changes to a first data class from the first data processing system to the second data processing system, wherein the transmitting of the first data begins before completing the negotiation of the synchronization mode for the first data class;

transmitting, by the first data processing system, second data representing changes to a second data class from the first data processing system to the second data processing system, wherein transmitting the second data begins before completing the negotiation of the synchronization mode for the first data class and before receiving the response to the transmitting of the first data;

receiving, at the first data processing system, a response to the transmitting of the first data, the response to the transmitting of the first data comprising completing the negotiation of the synchronization mode for the first data class; and

receiving, at the first data processing system, a response to the transmitting of the second data, the response to the transmitting of the second data comprising completing the negotiation of the synchronization mode for the second data class, wherein the synchronization mode for the first data class is independent of the synchronization mode for the second data class.

14. The machine-readable storage medium as in claim 13 wherein respective synchronization of the first data class and the second data class each operate according to different state machines.

15. The machine-readable storage medium of claim 13 wherein the first data comprises structured data in at least one of the following data classes:

(a) contacts information;

(b) to do information;

(c) calendar information; and

(d) web browsing bookmarks.

16. The machine-readable storage medium as in claim 13 wherein the synchronization session uses synchronization anchors exchanged between the first and the second data processing systems.

17. The machine-readable storage medium as in claim 16 wherein the first data comprises data changed in the first data class since a prior synchronization session.

18. The machine-readable storage medium as in claim 17 wherein the first data class and the second data class belong to a plurality of data classes and wherein the plurality of data classes is synchronized in a single transport roundtrip.

19. The machine-readable storage medium as in claim 18 wherein data within each of the data classes is independent of the data in each other data class.

20. The machine-readable storage medium as in claim 19 wherein the first data can specify no changes.

21. A non-transitory machine-readable storage medium storing instructions which when executed by a data processing system cause the data processing system to perform a method of processing data, the method comprising:

receiving, at the second data processing system, an initiation of a synchronization session between a first data processing system and the second data processing system, the initiation of the synchronization session sent by the first data processing system, wherein the initiation comprises beginning a negotiation of a synchronization mode for a first data class and a second data class;

receiving, at the second data processing system, first data representing changes to the first data class on the first data processing system, and second data representing changes to the second data class on the first data processing system, wherein receiving the first data begins before completing the negotiation of the synchronization mode for the first data class and receiving the second data begins before completing the negotiation of the synchronization mode for the second data class and before transmitting a response to the receiving of the first data;

transmitting, to the first data processing system, a response to the receiving of the first data, wherein transmitting a response to the receiving of the first data comprises completing the negotiation of the synchronization mode for the first data class; and

transmitting, to the first data processing system, a response to the receiving of the second data, wherein transmitting a response to the receiving of the second data comprises completing the negotiation of the synchronization mode for the second data class, wherein the synchronization mode for the first data class is independent of the synchronization mode for the second data class.

22. The machine-readable storage medium as in claim 21 wherein the first data comprises structured data in at least one of the following data classes:

(a) contacts information;

(b) to do information;

(c) calendar information; and

(d) web browsing bookmarks.