Method for characterizing the exhaust gas burn-off quality in combustion systems

• US 8,447,068 B2
• Filed: 08/22/2007
• Issued: 05/21/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 09/20/2006
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh
• Original Assignee: Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh
• Inventors: Matthes, Joerg, Keller, Hubert, Hunsinger, Hans
• Primary Examiner(s): ENTEZARI, MICHELLE M
• Application Number:
  US12/438,279
• Publication Number:
  US 20090190799A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,099 Days
• Field of Search: 382/100, 382/103
• US Class Current: 382/103
• CPC Class Codes: F23G 2900/55002 Sensing exhaust gas opacity
• CPC Class Codes: F23G 5/14 including secondary combustion
• CPC Class Codes: F23G 5/50 Control or safety arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: F23M 11/045 by observing the flame
• CPC Class Codes: F23M 2900/11041 Means for observing or monitoring flames using photoelectric devices, e.g. phototransistors
• CPC Class Codes: F23N 2229/04 sensitive to the colour of flames
• CPC Class Codes: F23N 2229/20 Camera viewing
• CPC Class Codes: F23N 3/082 using electronic means

Abstract

A method for characterizing a flue gas burnout quality of a combustion process in a combustion system having a gas burnout zone includes optically detecting in a visible wavelength range, in a flow cross section of the gas burnout zone, low-soot combustion regions, regions without combustion, and sooting regions, so as to provide a plurality of successive individual images, the regions without combustion and the sooting regions having different dynamics. The plurality of successive individual images are analyzed so as to distinguish regions of transition, to the low-soot combustion regions, of the regions without combustion and the sooting regions.

Claims

1. A computer implemented method for characterizing a flue gas burnout quality of a combustion process in a combustion system having a gas burnout zone, the method comprising:

optically detecting in a visible wavelength range, in a flow cross section of the gas burnout zone, low-soot combustion regions, regions without combustion, and sooting regions, so as to provide a plurality of successive individual images, the low-soot combustion regions appearing bright and the regions without combustion and the sooting regions both appearing dark; and

analyzing the plurality of successive individual images so as to identify different motion dynamics of the regions without combustion and the sooting regions in an averaged image of at least two of the plurality of successive individual images and distinguish regions of transition, from the low-soot combustion regions, to both the regions without combustion and the sooting regions,

wherein the different motion dynamics are identified by determining levels of contrast of the regions of transition of the averaged image so as to distinguish the regions of transition from the low-soot combustion regions to the sooting regions which have a lower level of contrast in the averaged image than the regions of transition from the low-soot combustion regions to the regions without combustion.

2. The method for characterizing a flue gas burnout quality recited in claim 1, wherein the optically detecting is performed using an imaging device.

3. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein:

the optically detecting is performed using a camera;

the optically detecting includes;

monitoring the flow cross section of the gas burnout zone in a direction against a flow therein; and

recording the combustion process in the flow cross section with at least two successive individual images taken by the camera; and

the analyzing includes;

dividing the flow cross section into segments containing a plurality of respective pixels;

locating, in the flow cross section, the low-soot combustion regions in which an intensity value is above an automatic or manually settable intensity threshold, the intensity threshold being set relative to a maximum intensity in the flow cross section;

locating the regions of transition as pixels assigned to the low-soot combustion regions and having at least one neighboring pixel that does not belong to the respective low-soot combustion region;

assigning the segments of the regions of transition as transition segments;

determining a contrast value for each of the transition segments;

assigning the transition segments having contrast values above a contrast threshold to a transition between a respective low-soot combustion region and a respective region without combustion, and the assigning transition segments having contrast values below the contrast threshold to a transition between a respective low-soot combustion region and a respective sooting region;

iteratively assigning all segments in which more than half of the pixels have an intensity below the intensity threshold to a respective sooting region or to a respective region without combustion by analyzing neighborhood relationships with transition segments and segments that have already been assigned; and

identifying and locating the sooting regions based on percentages and positions of the segments that have been assigned to the respective sooting region.

4. The method as recited in claim 3, further comprising transforming the identification and location of the sooting regions into control signals for injection of au oxygen-containing gas into the gas burnout zone.

5. The method as recited in claim 4, wherein the injection is performed differently for different locations in a manner adapted to local combustion conditions.