Minimally invasive determination of collateral ventilation in lungs

• US 8,454,527 B2
• Filed: 12/17/2010
• Issued: 06/04/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 09/10/2001
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Pulmonx Corp.
• Original Assignee: Pulmonx Corp.
• Inventors: Aljuri, Nikolai, Wondka, Anthony, Surjan, George, Davis, Kirk, Soltesz, Peter, Perkins, Rodney C.
• Primary Examiner(s): Natnithithadha, Navin
• Application Number:
  US12/972,225
• Publication Number:
  US 20110087122A1
• Time in Patent Office: 900 Days
• Field of Search: 600529-543, 73/233
• US Class Current: 600/532
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/055 involving electronic [EMR] or nuclear [NMR] magnetic resonance, e.g. magnetic resonance imaging
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/08 Detecting, measuring or recording devices for evaluating the respiratory organs A61B5/0205 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0813 Measurement of pulmonary parameters by tracers, e.g. radioactive tracers
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/085 Measuring impedance of respiratory organs or lung elasticity
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/087 Measuring breath flow
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4851 Prosthesis assessment or monitoring
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6853 with a balloon
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7278 Artificial waveform generation or derivation, e.g. synthesising signals from measured signals A61B5/327 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/04 Tracheal tubes catheters in general A61M25/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/0404 with means for selective or partial lung respiration
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/0434 Cuffs
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2016/0413 with detectors of CO2 in exhaled gases

Abstract

Minimally invasive methods, systems and devices are provided for qualitatively and quantitatively assessing collateral ventilation in the lungs. In particular, collateral ventilation of a target compartment within a lung of a patient is assessed by advancement of a catheter through the tracheobronchial tree to a feeding bronchus of the target compartment. The feeding bronchus is occluded by the catheter and a variety of measurements are taken with the use of the catheter in a manner which is of low risk to the patient. Examples of such measurements include but are not limited to flow rate, volume and pressure. These measurements are used to determine the presence of collateral ventilation and to quantify such collateral ventilation.

Claims

1. A method of evaluating a target lung compartment of a patient, the method comprising:

positioning an instrument within a lung passageway leading to the target lung compartment so that the target lung compartment is isolated;

injecting an inert gas into the isolated target lung compartment;

generating at least one measurement of pressure within the target lung segment;

generating at least one measurement of concentration of inert gas within the target lung segment; and

analyzing the at least one target lung compartment using a processor with the use of the at least one measurement of pressure and the at least one measurement of concentration of inert gas, wherein analyzing comprises determining a degree of hyperinflation or a state of compliance.

2. A method as in claim 1, further comprising determining a treatment plan at least partially based on the determined degree of hyperinflation.

3. A method as in claim 1, further comprising determining a treatment plan at least partially based on the determined state of compliance.

4. A method as in claim 1, wherein generating the at least one measurement of pressure comprises generating a plurality of measurements of pressure over a predetermined time period.

5. A method as in claim 4, wherein the predetermined time period comprises approximately one minute.

6. A method as in claim 1, wherein generating the at least one measurement of concentration of inert gas comprises generating a plurality of measurements of concentration of inert gas over a predetermined time period.

7. A method as in claim 6, wherein the predetermined time period comprises approximately one minute.

8. A method as in claim 1, wherein the inert gas comprises helium.

9. A method of evaluating a target lung compartment of a patient, the method comprising:

positioning an instrument within a lung passageway leading to the target lung compartment so that the target lung compartment is isolated;

injecting an inert gas into the isolated target lung compartment;

generating at least one measurement of pressure within the target lung segment;

generating at least one measurement of concentration of inert gas within the target lung segment;

analyzing the at least one target lung compartment with the use of the at least one measurement of pressure and the at least one measurement of concentration of inert gas, wherein analyzing comprises determining a collateral resistance; and

determining a treatment plan based on the determined collateral resistance.

10. A system for evaluating a target lung compartment comprising:

an instrument positionable within a lung passageway leading to the target lung compartment so that the target lung compartment is isolated, wherein the instrument includes a mechanism for injecting an inert gas to the target lung segment;

at least one sensor which generates measurement data reflecting pressure within the target lung segment;

at least one sensor which generates measurement data reflecting concentration of an inert gas within the target lung segment; and

a processor which performs computations with the use of the measurement data reflecting pressure and the measurement data reflecting concentration of inert gas, wherein the computations include calculating a degree of hyperinflation or state of compliance of the target lung compartment.

11. A system as in claim 10, wherein the computations include calculating collateral resistance of the target lung compartment.

12. A system as in claim 10, wherein the measurement data reflecting pressure comprises generating a plurality of measurements of pressure over a predetermined time period.

13. A system as in claim 12, wherein the predetermined time period comprises approximately one minute.

14. A system as in claim 10, wherein the measurement data reflecting concentration of inert gas comprises generating a plurality of measurements of concentration of inert gas over a predetermined time period.

15. A system as in claim 14, wherein the predetermined time period comprises approximately one minute.

16. A system as in claim 10, wherein the inert gas comprises helium.