Switched diverter circuits for minimizing heating of an implanted lead and/or providing EMI protection in a high power electromagnetic field environment
First Claim
1. An active implantable medical device (AIMD), comprising:
- a conductive device housing for the AIMD, the housing containing tissue-stimulating or biological-sensing circuits connected to a first electrical point, the first electrical point being electrically connectable to an electrode configured for tissue-stimulating or biological-sensing;
b) at least one frequency variable impedance diversion circuit electrically connecting between the first electrical point and a second electrical point;
c) an energy dissipating surface provided by the device housing as a third electrical point; and
d) at least one diode residing between the second electrical point and the third electrical point, wherein the diode is actuatable in response to a bias applied across the second and third electrical points to thereby electrically connect the diversion circuit from the first electrical point to the third electrical point at the energy dissipating surface,e) wherein with the diode electrically connecting the second electrical point to the third electrical point and;
i) at relatively high frequencies attendant to the AIMD being subjected to an MRI RF pulse field, the diversion circuit acts as a relatively low impedance circuit from the first electrical point to the third electrical point at the energy dissipating surface, andii) at relatively low frequencies attendant to the AIMD being subjected to an MRI gradient field, the diversion circuit acts as a relatively high impedance circuit from the first electrical point to the third electrical point at the energy dissipating surface.
6 Assignments
0 Petitions
Accused Products
Abstract
An energy management system that facilitates the transfer of high frequency energy induced on an implanted lead or a leadwire includes an energy dissipating surface associated with the implanted lead or the leadwire, a diversion or diverter circuit associated with the energy dissipating surface, and at least one non-linear circuit element switch for diverting energy in the implanted lead or the leadwire through the diversion circuit to the energy dissipating surface. In alternate configurations, the switch may be disposed between the implanted lead or the leadwire and the diversion circuit, or disposed so that it electrically opens the implanted lead or the leadwire when diverting energy through the diversion circuit to the energy dissipating surface. The non-linear circuit element switch is typically a PIN diode. The diversion circuit may be either a high pass filter or a low pass filter.
-
Citations
84 Claims
-
1. An active implantable medical device (AIMD), comprising:
-
a conductive device housing for the AIMD, the housing containing tissue-stimulating or biological-sensing circuits connected to a first electrical point, the first electrical point being electrically connectable to an electrode configured for tissue-stimulating or biological-sensing; b) at least one frequency variable impedance diversion circuit electrically connecting between the first electrical point and a second electrical point; c) an energy dissipating surface provided by the device housing as a third electrical point; and d) at least one diode residing between the second electrical point and the third electrical point, wherein the diode is actuatable in response to a bias applied across the second and third electrical points to thereby electrically connect the diversion circuit from the first electrical point to the third electrical point at the energy dissipating surface, e) wherein with the diode electrically connecting the second electrical point to the third electrical point and; i) at relatively high frequencies attendant to the AIMD being subjected to an MRI RF pulse field, the diversion circuit acts as a relatively low impedance circuit from the first electrical point to the third electrical point at the energy dissipating surface, and ii) at relatively low frequencies attendant to the AIMD being subjected to an MRI gradient field, the diversion circuit acts as a relatively high impedance circuit from the first electrical point to the third electrical point at the energy dissipating surface. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43)
-
-
32. An active implantable medical device (AIMD), comprising:
-
a) a conductive device housing for the AIMD, the housing containing tissue-stimulating or biological-sensing circuits connected to a first electrical point; b) an implantable lead comprising at least one leadwire having a length extending between and to a proximal end electrically connected to the first electrical point at the tissue-stimulating or biological-sensing circuits and an electrode configured for tissue-stimulating or biological-sensing at or near a distal end of the leadwire; c) at least one frequency variable impedance diversion circuit electrically connecting between the first electrical point and a second electrical point; d) an energy dissipating surface provided by the device housing as a third electrical point; and e) at least one diode residing between the second electrical point and the third electrical point, wherein the diode is actuatable in response to a bias applied across the second and third electrical points to thereby electrically connect the diversion circuit from the first electrical point to the third electrical point at the energy dissipating surface, f) wherein with the diode electrically connecting the second electrical point to the third electrical point and; i) at relatively high frequencies attendant to the AIMD being subjected to an MRI RF pulse field, the diversion circuit acts as a relatively low impedance circuit from the first electrical point to the third electrical point at the energy dissipating surface, and ii) at relatively low frequencies attendant to the AIMD being subjected to an MRI gradient field, the diversion circuit acts as a relatively high impedance circuit between the first electrical point and the third electrical point at the energy dissipating surface. - View Dependent Claims (33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66)
-
-
67. An active implantable medical device (AIMD), comprising:
-
a) a conductive device housing for the AIMD, the housing containing tissue-stimulating or biological-sensing circuits connected to a first electrical point, the first electrical point being electrically connectable to an electrode configured for tissue-stimulating or biological-sensing; b) an energy dissipating surface provided by the device housing as a second electrical point; c) at least one frequency variable impedance diversion circuit residing between the second electrical point and a third electrical point; and d) at least one diode that is actuatable in response to a bias to electrically connect the first electrical point to the third electrical point, e) wherein with the diode being subjected to a bias to electrically connect the first electrical point to the third electrical point and; i) at relatively high frequencies attendant to the AIMD being subjected to an MRI RF pulse field, the diversion circuit acts as a relatively low impedance circuit from the third electrical point to the second electrical point at the energy dissipating surface, and ii) at relatively low frequencies attendant to the AIMD being subjected to an MRI gradient field, the diversion circuit acts as a relatively high impedance circuit from the third electrical point to the second electrical point at the energy dissipating surface. - View Dependent Claims (68)
-
-
69. An active implantable medical device (AIMD), comprising:
-
a) a conductive device housing for the AIMD, the housing containing tissue-stimulating or biological-sensing circuits connected to a first electrical, point, the first electrical point being electrically connectable to an electrode configured for tissue-stimulating or biological-sensing; b) an implantable lead comprising at least one leadwire having a length extending between and to a proximal end electrically connected to the medical device including the tissue-stimulating or biological-sensing circuits at the first electrical point and an electrode configured for tissue-stimulating or biological-sensing at or near a distal end of the leadwire; c) an energy dissipating surface provided by the device housing as a second electrical point; d) at least one frequency variable impedance diversion circuit residing between the second electrical point and a third electrical point; and e) at least one diode that is actuatable in response to a bias to electrically connect the first electrical point to the third electrical point, f) wherein with the diode being subjected to a bias to electrically connect the third electrical point to the second electrical point at the energy dissipating surface and; i) at relatively high frequencies attendant to the AIMD being subjected to an MRI RF pulse field, the diversion circuit acts as a relatively low impedance circuit from the third electrical point to the second electrical point at the energy dissipating surface, and ii) at relatively low frequencies attendant to the AIMD being subjected to an MRI gradient field, the diversion circuit acts as a relatively high impedance circuit from the third electrical point to the second electrical point at the energy dissipating surface.
-
-
70. An active implantable medical device (AIMD), comprising:
-
a) a conductive device housing containing tissue-stimulating or biological-sensing circuits; b) an energy dissipating surface provided by the device housing; c) at least one frequency variable impedance diversion circuit electrically connected to the device housing; and d) at least one diode that is actuatable in response to a bias to electrically connect a terminal for an implantable lead to the diversion circuit connected to the energy dissipating surface, e) wherein with the diode electrically connecting the terminal to the diversion circuit in response to the bias and; i) at relatively high frequencies attendant to the AIMD being subjected to an MRI RF pulse field, the diversion circuit acts as a relatively low impedance circuit between the terminal and the energy dissipating surface, and ii) at relatively low frequencies attendant to the AIMD being subjected to an MRI gradient field, the diversion circuit acts as a relatively high impedance circuit from the terminal to the energy dissipating surface. - View Dependent Claims (71)
-
-
72. A switched diverter circuit for a medical device, the switched diverter circuit comprising:
-
a) a first conductor that is electrically connectable to an energy dissipating surface for an active implantable medical device (AIMD); b) a second conductor that electrically connects from a lead terminal for an implantable lead to tissue-stimulating or biological-sensing circuits for the AIMD; c) at least one frequency variable impedance diversion circuit that electrically connects to the second conductor intermediate the lead terminal and the tissue-stimulating or biological-sensing circuits; d) a third conductor that electrically connects from the diversion circuit opposite the second conductor to at least one diode in series between the diversion circuit and the energy dissipating surface, the diode being actuatable in response to a bias, wherein with the diode in a biased state and; i) at relatively high frequencies attendant to an MRI RF pulse field, the diversion circuit shorts the third conductor to the first conductor electrically connectable to the energy dissipating surface, and ii) at relatively low frequencies attendant to an MRI gradient field, the diversion circuit acts as an open circuit from the third conductor to the first conductor electrically connectable to the energy dissipating surface. - View Dependent Claims (73)
-
-
74. A switched diverter circuit for a medical device, the switched diverter circuit comprising:
-
a) a first conductor that is connectable to an energy dissipating surface for an active implantable medical device (AIMD); b) at least one frequency variable impedance diversion circuit that is electrically connected to an opposite end of the first conductor; c) a second conductor that electrically connects from a lead terminal for an implantable lead to tissue-stimulating or biological-sensing circuits for the AIMD; d) a third conductor that electrically connects from the diversion circuit opposite the first conductor; e) at least one diode that connects from the second conductor to the third conductor at the diversion circuit and that is actuatable in response to a bias, wherein with the diode in a biased state and; i) at relatively high frequencies attendant to an MRI RF pulse field, the diversion circuit shorts the second and third conductors electrically connected from the lead terminal to the first conductor at the energy dissipating surface, and ii) at relatively low frequencies attendant to an MRI gradient field, the diversion circuit acts as an open circuit between the second and third conductors electrically connected from the lead terminal to the first conductor at the energy dissipating surface.
-
-
75. An active implantable medical device (AIMD), comprising:
-
a) a conductive device housing for the AIMD, the housing containing tissue-stimulating or biological-sensing circuits connected to a first electrical point, the first electrical point being electrically connectable to an electrode configured for tissue-stimulating or biological-sensing; a plurality of L-C trap filters in parallel with each other and in series between the first electrical point and a second electrical point, wherein the L-C trap filters are resonant, respectively, at different MRI frequencies; c) an energy dissipating surface provided by the device housing as a third electrical point; and d) at least one diode residing between the second electrical point and the third electrical point, wherein the diode is actuatable in response to a bias applied across the second and third electrical points to thereby electrically connect the diversion circuit from the first electrical point to the third electrical point at the energy dissipating surface, e) wherein with the diode electrically connecting the second electrical point to the third electrical point and; i) at relatively high frequencies attendant to the AIMD being subjected to an MRI RF pulse field, the diversion circuit acts as a relatively low impedance circuit from the first electrical point to the third electrical point at the energy dissipating surface, and ii) at relatively low frequencies attendant to the AIMD being subjected to an MRI gradient field, the diversion circuit acts as a relatively high impedance circuit from the first electrical point to the third electrical point at the energy dissipating surface.
-
-
76. An active implantable medical device (AIMD), comprising:
-
a) a conductive device housing for the AIMD, the housing containing tissue-stimulating or biological-sensing circuits connected to a first electrical point, the first electrical point being electrically connectable to an electrode configured for tissue-stimulating or biological-sensing; b) a diversion circuit electrically connecting between the first electrical point and a second electrical point; c) an energy dissipating surface provided by the device housing as a third electrical point; and d) at least one diode residing between the second electrical point and the third electrical point, wherein the diode is actuatable in response to a bias applied across the second and third electrical points to thereby electrically short the first electrical point to the third electrical point at the energy dissipating surface. - View Dependent Claims (77, 78)
-
-
79. An active implantable medical device (AIMD), comprising:
-
a) a conductive device housing for the AIMD, the housing containing tissue-stimulating or biological-sensing circuits connected to a first electrical point; b) a second electrical switch point that is electrically connectable to an electrode configured for tissue-stimulating or biological-sensing; c) an energy dissipating surface provided by the device housing as a third electrical point; d) at least one frequency variable impedance diversion circuit residing between the third electrical point and a fourth electrical switch point; and e) a first diode that is actuatable in response to a bias to electrically connect the second electrical switch point to the fourth electrical switch point; and f) a second diode that is actuatable in response to a bias to electrically disconnect the first electrical point from the second electrical switch point; g) wherein with the first diode is biasable to electrically connect the second electrical switch point to the fourth electrical switch point at the diversion circuit and with the second diode being biasable to disconnect the second electrical switch point from the first electrical point, and; i) at relatively high frequencies attendant to the AIMD being subjected to an MRI RF pulse field, the diversion circuit acts as a relatively low impedance circuit from the fourth electrical switch point to the third electrical point at the energy dissipating surface, and ii) at relatively low frequencies attendant to the AIMD being subjected to an MRI gradient field, the diversion circuit acts as a relatively high impedance circuit from the fourth electrical switch point to the third electrical point at the energy dissipating surface. - View Dependent Claims (80, 81, 82)
-
-
83. An active implantable medical device (AIMD), comprising:
-
a) a conductive device housing for the AIMD, the housing containing tissue-stimulating or biological-sensing circuits connected to a first electrical point; b) a second electrical point electrically connectable to an electrode configured for tissue-stimulating or biological-sensing; c) a capacitor connected at one end to an intermediate location between the first and second electrical points; d) an energy dissipating surface provided by the device housing as a third electrical point; and e) at least one diode residing between the other end of the capacitor at a fourth electrical point and the third electrical point, e) wherein with the diode electrically connecting fourth electrical point to the third electrical point and at relatively high frequencies attendant to the AIMD being subjected to an MRI RF pulse field, the capacitor acts as a relatively low impedance circuit between the first and second electrical points to the third electrical point so that relatively low frequency pacing pulses and biological sensing signals are diverted from the second electrical point to the third electrical point at the energy dissipating surface, and f) wherein at relatively low frequencies attendant to the AIMD being subjected to an MRI gradient field, the capacitor acts as a relatively high impedance circuit from the first and second electrical points to the fourth electrical point so that relatively low frequency pacing pulses and biological sensing signals are allowed to pass from the second electrical point to the first electrical point.
-
-
84. An active implantable medical device (AIMD), comprising:
-
a) a conductive device housing for the AIMD, the housing containing tissue-stimulating or biological-sensing circuits connected to a first electrical point; b) a second electrical switch point that is electrically connectable to an electrode configured for tissue-stimulating or biological-sensing; c) an energy dissipating surface provided by the device housing as a third electrical point; d) at least one frequency variable impedance diversion circuit residing between the third electrical point and a fourth electrical switch point; and e) a first diode that is actuatable in response to a bias to electrically connect the second electrical switch point to the fourth electrical switch point; and f) a second diode that is actuatable in response to a bias to electrically disconnect the first electrical point from the second electrical switch point; g) wherein with the first diode is biasable to electrically connect the second electrical switch point to the fourth electrical switch point at the diversion circuit and with the second diode being biasable to disconnect the second electrical switch point from the first electrical point, h) wherein with the first diode electrically connecting the terminal to the diversion circuit and with the second diode disconnecting the second electrical switch point from the first electrical point and; i) at relatively high frequencies attendant to the AIMD being subjected to an MRI RF pulse field, the diversion circuit acts as a short from the terminal to the energy dissipating surface, and ii) at relatively low frequencies attendant to the medical device being subjected to an MRI gradient field, the diversion circuit acts as an open circuit from the terminal to the energy dissipating surface.
-
Specification