Multiplexing several individual application sessions over a pre-allocated reservation protocol session

• US 8,458,332 B2
• Filed: 11/04/2005
• Issued: 06/04/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 07/28/2000
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Winterspring Digital LLC
• Original Assignee: Prom KS Mgmt LLC (Intellectual Ventures LLC)
• Inventors: Nag, Siddhartha, D'Souza, Alfred, Alam, Naveed
• Primary Examiner(s): LIN, KENNY S
• Application Number:
  US11/267,922
• Publication Number:
  US 20060056298A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,769 Days
• Field of Search: 709227-229, 709/226, 370/230
• US Class Current: 709/226
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/12 Avoiding congestion; Recovering from congestion
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/2416 Real-time traffic
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/70 Admission control; Resource allocation
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/724 at intermediate nodes, e.g. resource reservation protocol [RSVP]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/801 Real time traffic
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/803 Application aware
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/828 Allocation of resources per group of connections, e.g. per group of users
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/83 based on usage prediction
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 65/1043 Gateway controllers, e.g. media gateway control protocol [MGCP] controllers
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 65/1101 Session protocols
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 65/752 adapting media to network capabilities
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 65/80 Responding to QoS

Abstract

Apparatus and methods are provided for multiplexing application flows. According to one embodiment, a predetermined portion of available bandwidth is reserved over a path through a network communicatively coupling a first network device associated with a first set of terminals and a second network device associated with a second set of terminals for real-time communication sessions among multiple applications running on the first set of terminals and the second set of terminals as a real-time bandwidth pool. The real-time bandwidth pool is thereafter shared among multiple real-time communication sessions involving one or more terminals in the first set of terminals and one or more terminals in the second set of terminals by selectively admitting application sessions involving the one or more terminals in the first set of terminals and the one or more terminals in the second set of terminals based upon currently available resources in the real-time bandwidth pool.

Claims

1. A method comprising:

establishing a reservation protocol session on a network over a path between a first network device associated with a first set of terminals and a second network device associated with a second set of terminals, the establishing being based at least in part on estimated usage of network resources based on historical data;

receiving, at the first network device from at least one of the first set of terminals, a first media stream associated with a first communication session involving the at least one of the first set of terminals and at least one of the second set of terminals, the one of the first set of terminals and the one of the second set of terminals having no knowledge of how to establish and maintain reservation protocol sessions; and

if adequate resources are available in the reservation protocol session, transferring the first media stream over the path by multiplexing the first media stream and media streams associated with one or more other communication sessions onto the reservation protocol session.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

selectively admitting one or more application sessions of a plurality of application sessions based upon currently available resources in the reservation protocol session.

3. The method of claim 1,

wherein the path between the first network device and the second network device comprises a plurality of router devices located between the first network device and the second network device.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein each of the media streams comprises a plurality of media packets, the method further comprising:

prior to the transferring, for one or more media packets of the plurality of media packets, forming an encapsulated media packet by appending a tag to each of the one or more media packets received at the first network device, wherein the tag includes information indicative of a respective destination associated with the second set of terminals; and

wherein the transferring comprises transferring the one or more encapsulated media packets.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the second network device is configured to receive the multiplexed media streams via the reservation protocol session, and to remove the tag for each of the one or more encapsulated media packets prior to forwarding each respective media packet to one or more destination terminals of the second set of terminals as indicated by the respective tag information.

6. The method of claim 4, wherein the tag information includes one or more of:

a network address associated with a source application on at least one of the first set of terminals;

or

a network address associated with a destination application on at least one of the second set of terminals.

7. The method of claim 4, wherein the forming the encapsulated media packet further comprises appending a packet type indicator to the media packet indicating that the media packet is a data packet.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the second network device is configured to receive the multiplexed first media stream and the media streams associated with the one or more other communications from the first network device via the reservation protocol session, and to demultiplex the received multiplexed first media stream and the media streams associated with the one or more other communications.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the first communication session is a real-time communication session.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein the reservation protocol session is RSVP.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein the reservation protocol session is one of a plurality of heterogeneous reservation protocol sessions supported by the first and second network devices.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein each heterogeneous reservation protocol session provides a plurality of heterogeneous application flows among a plurality of user communities.

13. The method of claim 1, wherein the first network device comprises a plurality of devices connected via a distributed architecture.

14. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

maintaining a resource pool having a plurality of session entries, each of the plurality of session entries containing an indication of resources granted to a communication session multiplexed onto the reservation protocol session; and

if adequate resources are available in the reservation protocol session, creating in the resource pool a new session entry containing an indication of resources granted to the first communication session.

15. The method of claim 1, wherein the first communication session comprises a voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) call, the at least one of the first set of terminals comprises a first H.323 VoIP endpoint of the VoIP call, the at least one of the second set of terminals comprises a second H.323 VoIP endpoint of the VoIP call, and a media aggregation manager of the first network device appears to the first H.323 VoIP endpoint as an intended receiver of the VoIP call.

16. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

if adequate resources are not available in the reservation protocol session, providing a service for the first media stream without using the reservation protocol session.

17. The method of claim 1, further comprising multiplexing data packets of the first media stream and control packets of the first media stream onto the reservation protocol session.

18. The method of claim 1, wherein the first media stream comprises a plurality of media packets, the method further comprising:

prior to transferring the first media stream over the path, for one or more media packets of the plurality of media packets forming an encapsulated media packet by appending, to the media packet, a network address of a source application on the at least one of the first set of terminals, allowing the second network device to forward the media packet to the at least one of the second set of terminals by looking up, based on the network address of the source application, a network address of a destination application on the at least one of the second set of terminals; and

wherein the transferring the first media stream over the path comprises transferring the one or more encapsulated media packets.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein the forming the encapsulated media packet further comprises appending a packet type indicator to the media packet indicating that the media packet is a data packet rather than a control packet.

20. A method to configure network communication, the method comprising:

determining a portion of available bandwidth on a network for a plurality of communication sessions involving a first network device and a second network device, wherein each communication session is associated with a respective media stream, the determining being based at least in part on estimated usage of resources of the network based on historical data;

reserving the determined portion of the available bandwidth over a path between the first network device and the second network device on the network;

determining whether adequate bandwidth is available in the reserved portion for a first communication session between a first community node associated with the first network device and a second community node associated with the second network device; and

if the adequate bandwidth is available, multiplexing the respective media streams associated with the first communication session and one or more other communication sessions into a first multiplexed stream, and prior to transferring a media stream associated with the first communication session over the path, for each of one or more media packets in the media stream, the first network device forming an encapsulated media packet by appending to the media packet a network address of a source application on the first community node that allows the second network device to forward the media packet to the second community node by looking up, based on the network address of the source application, a network address of a destination application on the second community node.

21. The method of claim 20, further comprising:

the first network device transmitting the first multiplexed stream to the second network device, wherein the second network device is configured to receive the first multiplexed stream and demultiplex the first multiplexed stream into the respective media streams.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein the first network device is coupled to a first set of community nodes that includes the first community node, wherein the second network device is coupled to a second set of community nodes that includes the second community node, and wherein the first multiplexed stream comprises a plurality of media packets, the method further comprising:

prior to the multiplexing, for one or more media packets of the plurality of media packets, encapsulating each of the one or more media packets by appending a tag to each of the one or more media packets at the first network device, wherein the tag includes information indicative of a respective destination associated with the second set of community nodes.

23. The method of claim 22, wherein the second network device is configured to remove the tag for each of the respective encapsulated media packets and forward each respective media packet to its respective destination according to the tag information, and wherein each respective destination comprises one or more community nodes of the second set of community nodes.

24. The method of claim 22,

wherein the network includes a plurality of router nodes located between the first network device and the second network device;

and

wherein the path passes through at least a subset of the plurality of router nodes.

25. The method of claim 20, wherein the first communication session is a real-time communication session.

26. The method of claim 20, further comprising:

if the adequate bandwidth is available, checking with the second network device whether the destination application is available, the second network device determining whether the destination application is available by querying the destination application as to whether the destination application is currently available to participate in the first communication session; and

multiplexing the respective media streams associated with the first communication session and the one or more other communication sessions into the first multiplexed stream only if the destination application is available.

27. A first network device comprising:

a processor; and

a memory medium configured to store program instructions executable by the processor to cause the first network device to;

determine, based at least in part on estimated usage of network resources based on historical data, a portion of available bandwidth on a network for a plurality of communication sessions involving the first network device and a second network device, wherein each communication session is associated with a respective media stream;

reserve the determined portion of the available bandwidth over a path between the first network device and the second network device on the network;

determine whether adequate bandwidth is available in the reserved portion for a first communication session between a first terminal associated with the first network device and a second terminal associated with the second network device; and

if the adequate bandwidth is available, multiplex respective media streams associated with the first communication session and one or more other communication sessions into a first multiplexed stream, and prior to transferring a media stream associated with the first communication session over the path, for each of one or more media packets in the media stream, the first network device forming an encapsulated media packet by appending to the media packet a network address of a source application on the first terminal that allows the second network device to forward the media packet to the second terminal by looking up, based on the network address of the source application a network address of a destination application on the second terminal.

28. The first network device of claim 27, wherein the reserved portion is reserved via RSVP.

29. The first network device of claim 27, wherein the program instructions are further executable by the processor to cause the first network device to support a plurality of heterogeneous reservation protocol sessions.

30. The first network device of claim 29, wherein each heterogeneous reservation protocol session provides a plurality of heterogeneous application flows among a plurality of user communities.

31. The first network device of claim 27, wherein the first communication session is a real-time communication session.

32. A method comprising:

reserving a predetermined portion of available bandwidth over a path through a network communicatively coupling a first network device associated with a first set of terminals and a second network device associated with a second set of terminals for communication sessions among the first set of terminals and the second set of terminals as a bandwidth pool, the reserving being based at least in part on estimated usage of resources of the network based on historical data, the first set of terminals and the second set of terminals having no knowledge of how to establish and maintain reservation protocol sessions;

sharing the bandwidth pool among a plurality of communication sessions involving one or more terminals in the first set of terminals and one or more terminals in the second set of terminals;

determining whether adequate bandwidth is available in the bandwidth pool for an additional communication session; and

if the adequate bandwidth is available, sharing the bandwidth pool with the additional communication session.

33. The method of claim 32, wherein the additional communication session is a real-time communication session.

34. A first network device associated with a first set of terminals, the first network device comprising:

a resource manager implemented using hardware and including means for establishing, based at least in part on estimated usage of network resources based on historical data, a reservation protocol session on a network over a path between the first network device and a second network device associated with a second set of terminals, the first set of terminals and the second set of terminals having no knowledge of how to establish and maintain reservation protocol sessions; and

a media multiplexer implemented using hardware and including;

means for receiving, from at least one of the first set of terminals, a first media stream associated with a first communication session involving the at least one of the first set of terminals and at least one of the second set of terminals, and

means for transferring, if adequate resources are available in the reservation protocol session, the first media stream over the path by multiplexing the first media stream and media streams associated with one or more other communication sessions onto the reservation protocol session.

35. The first network device of claim 34, wherein each media stream comprises a plurality of media packets, the first network device further comprising:

means for forming, prior to the transferring and for one or more media packets of the plurality of media packets, an encapsulated media packet by appending a tag to each of the one or more media packets received at the first network device, wherein the tag includes information indicative of a respective destination associated with the second set of terminals; and

wherein the means for transferring comprises means for transferring the one or more encapsulated media packets.

36. The first network device of claim 35, wherein the tag information includes one or more of:

a network address associated with a source application on at least one of the first set of terminals;

or

a network address associated with a destination application on at least one of the second set of terminals.

37. A machine-readable medium implemented as a memory or disk, the machine-readable medium having stored thereon instructions executable by a processor of a first network device to cause the first network device to perform operations comprising:

establishing a reservation protocol session on a network over a path between the first network device associated with a first set of terminals and a second network device associated with a second set of terminals, the establishing being based at least in part on estimated usage of network resources based on historical data, the first set of terminals and the second set of terminals having no knowledge of how to establish and maintain reservation protocol sessions;

receiving, from at least one of the first set of terminals, a first media stream associated with a first communication session involving the at least one of the first set of terminals and at least one of the second set of terminals; and

if adequate resources are available in the reservation protocol session, transferring the first media stream over the path by multiplexing the first media stream and media streams associated with one or more other communication sessions onto the reservation protocol session.

38. The machine-readable medium of claim 37, wherein the reservation protocol session is RSVP.

39. The machine-readable medium of claim 37, wherein the first communication session comprises a voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) call, the at least one of the first set of terminals comprises a first H.323 VoIP endpoint of the VoIP call, the at least one of the second set of terminals comprises a second H.323 VoIP endpoint of the VoIP call, and a media aggregation manager of the first network device appears to the first H.323 VoIP endpoint as an intended receiver of the VoIP call.

40. The machine-readable medium of claim 37, the operations further comprising multiplexing data packets of the first media stream and control packets of the first media stream onto the reservation protocol session.

41. The machine-readable medium of claim 37, wherein the first media stream comprises a plurality of media packets, the operations further comprising:

prior to transferring the first media stream over the path, for one or more media packets of the plurality of media packets, forming an encapsulated media packet by;

appending, to the media packet, a network address of a source application on the at least one of the first set of terminals, allowing the second network device to forward the media packet to the at least one of the second set of terminals by looking up, based on the network address of the source application, a network address of a destination application on the at least one of the second set of terminals, and

appending a packet type indicator to the media packet indicating that the media packet is a data packet rather than a control packet; and

wherein the transferring the first media stream over the path comprises transferring the one or more encapsulated media packets.