Side-stream respiratory gas monitoring system and method
First Claim
1. A side-stream respiration monitoring system comprising:
- a flow sensor constructed to be disposed in a respiration flow path; and
a controller connected to the flow sensor and configured to1) determine a respiration flow value through the respiration flow path and at least a portion of a composition of the respiration flow on a breath-by-breath basis that includes pulsatile effect respiration data; and
2) temporally associate in a time-domain each of the determined respiration flow value and the determined portion of the composition to account for at least two of flow path resistances, dead-space volumes, and flow composition for approximately each breath.
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Accused Products
Abstract
A side-stream respiration monitoring system includes a sensor, a monitor, and a display. The sensor is constructed to engage respiration flows having a variable flow amounts and acquire a respiration sample from the flow. The monitor is connected to the sensor and configured to determine the amount of respiration flow as well as the amount of several constituents of the respiration flow such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, water, and nitrous oxide. The monitor is also configured to adjust the determined values for ambient environment variations and is self-calibrating with respect to the ambient conditions. The monitor temporally aligns the acquired data to account for dead-space respiration events and physiological respiration modifications such as cardiac events. Information generated by the monitor is communicated to an operator via a display configured to display the real-time respiration performance.
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Citations
76 Claims
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1. A side-stream respiration monitoring system comprising:
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a flow sensor constructed to be disposed in a respiration flow path; and a controller connected to the flow sensor and configured to 1) determine a respiration flow value through the respiration flow path and at least a portion of a composition of the respiration flow on a breath-by-breath basis that includes pulsatile effect respiration data; and 2) temporally associate in a time-domain each of the determined respiration flow value and the determined portion of the composition to account for at least two of flow path resistances, dead-space volumes, and flow composition for approximately each breath. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14)
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15. A respiration monitoring system comprising:
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a flow sensor constructed to detect a respiration flow and acquire a side-stream sample of the flow; an analyzer constructed to determine an amount of a gas carried on the respiration flow; and a controller configured to automatically calibrate the analyzer to address a first deviation of a first sensor and address a second deviation that is different than the first deviation for a second sensor. - View Dependent Claims (16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23)
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24. A side-flow respiration monitoring system comprising:
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a sensor for detecting a respiration flow and acquiring a sample of the respiration flow; a monitor connected to the sensor for determining an amount of oxygen and an amount of carbon dioxide in the respiration flow on approximately a breath-by-breath basis wherein the monitor is constructed to adjust the determined amounts of oxygen and carbon dioxide for a dead-space associated with an aspiration path; and a display connected to the monitor for displaying information associated with the amount of oxygen and carbon dioxide on a common plot. - View Dependent Claims (25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33)
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34. A method of monitoring respiration information comprising the steps of:
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measuring a patient flow and a patient pressure; acquiring a side-stream breath sample; determining a flow of the side-stream breath sample, a concentration of oxygen, and a concentration of carbon dioxide in the acquired side-stream breath sample for all the measured and acquired respiration information of the side-stream breath sample including non-diaphragmatic respiration information; and temporally aligning in a time domain the determined flow with the determined concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide with respect to their occurrence in the acquired side-stream breath sample on approximately a breath-by-breath basis. - View Dependent Claims (35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 53)
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47. A breath-by-breath analyzer comprising:
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a sensor constructed to engage a respiration flow; an analyzer connected to the sensor and configured to determine a pressure and at least a portion of a composition of the respiration flow; an adapter configured to engage the sensor wherein a first portion of the respiration flow passes through the adapter and is directed to the sensor and a second portion of the respiration flow that travels in the same direction as the first portion of the respiration flow passes through the adapter and bypasses the sensor and the analyzer; and wherein the second portion of the respiration flow is a multiple of the first portion of the respiration flow. - View Dependent Claims (48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59)
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60. A respiration monitoring system comprising:
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an oxygen sensor constructed to detect an oxygen concentration; a carbon dioxide sensor constructed to detect a carbon dioxide concentration; a first input constructed to fluidly connect a first source of a breathable gas mixture to the oxygen and carbon dioxide sensors; and a second input that is fluidly isolated from the first input and is constructed to fluidly connect a second source of a breathable gas mixture to the oxygen and carbon dioxide sensors. - View Dependent Claims (61, 62, 63, 64)
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65. A respiration monitoring device comprising:
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at least one valve; a pump connected to the valve; an oxygen sensor and a carbon dioxide sensor; and a control configured to control operation of the valve and the pump for communicating a gas to each of the oxygen sensor and the carbon dioxide sensor to mimic a breath flow and a breath composition. - View Dependent Claims (66, 67, 68, 69, 70)
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71. A physiologic monitor controller comprising:
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an input configured to receive a physiologic signal; and a correction protocol configured to determine an output by adjusting a value of the input in an amplitude domain and a time domain. - View Dependent Claims (72, 73, 74, 75, 76)
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Specification