Sheeting with composite image that floats

• US 8,459,807 B2
• Filed: 06/17/2008
• Issued: 06/11/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 07/11/2007
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: 3M Innovative Properties Company (3M Company)
• Original Assignee: 3M Innovative Properties Company (3M Company)
• Inventors: Herbert, Sammuel D., Studiner, Charles J. IV, Smithson, Robert L. W., Krasa, Robert T., Wu, Pingfan, Dunn, Douglas S., Dolezal, Michael W.
• Primary Examiner(s): CHERRY, EUNCHA P
• Application Number:
  US12/663,755
• Publication Number:
  US 20100182666A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,820 Days
• Field of Search: 359/530, 359/531
• US Class Current: 359/530
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 30/27 involving lenticular arrays
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 30/56 by projecting aerial or floating images
• CPC Class Codes: G03B 21/62 Translucent screens

Abstract

Techniques are described for forming microlens sheeting having composite images that appear to float with respect to the plane of the sheeting. As one example, a method comprises forming one or more images within a sheeting having a surface of microlenses, wherein at least one of the images is a partially complete image, and wherein each of the images is associated with a different one of the microlenses, wherein the microlenses have refractive surfaces that transmit light to positions within the sheeting to produce a plurality of composite images from the images formed within the sheeting so that each of the composite images appears to float with respect to the plane of the sheeting, and wherein forming the one or more images comprises forming the one or more images such that each of the composite images is associated with a different viewing angle range.

Claims

1. A method comprising:

illuminating a sheeting having a surface of microlenses with a divergent energy beam to form a plurality of images within the sheeting, wherein a center of the energy beam is offset from a surface normal of the sheeting, wherein at least one of the images formed within the sheeting is a partially complete image, and wherein the images are associated with different microlenses of the sheeting,

wherein the microlenses have refractive surfaces that transmit light to positions within the sheeting to produce one or more composite images from the images formed within the sheeting that appears to float with respect to the surface of the sheeting.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein illuminating a sheeting comprises illuminating the sheeting to produce a plurality of composite images that appear to float, and

wherein each of the composite images is visible at a different viewing angle range with respect to the surface of the sheeting.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein each of the composite images comprises a different image.

4. The method of claim 2, wherein each of the composite images is formed by respective sets of images, and wherein each of the respective sets of images is associated with a common subset of the microlenses.

5. The method of claim 2, wherein illuminating the sheeting comprises:

illuminating the sheeting to form one or more images associated with a first one of the plurality of composite images by illuminating the sheeting with the energy beam via an optical train comprising a final objective and a Fresnel lens positioned after the final objective to position the energy beam such that the center of the energy beam is offset from the surface normal by a first angle; and

illuminating the sheeting to form one or more images associated with a second one of the plurality of composite images by illuminating the sheeting with the energy beam via the optical train configured to position the energy beam such that the center of the energy beam is offset from the surface normal by a second angle.

6. The method of claim 5, further comprising repositioning the Fresnel lens after illuminating the sheeting to form the images associated with the first one of the plurality of composite images and before the sheeting to form the images associated with the second one of the plurality of composite images.

7. The method of claim 2, wherein forming the images to produce the plurality of composite images comprises forming the images substantially simultaneously with respect to each of the composite images.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein forming the images substantially simultaneously comprises illuminating the sheeting with the energy beam via an assembly comprising a plurality of optical objectives to simultaneously form the plurality of composite images, wherein each of the composite images is associated with a different one of the plurality of optical objectives.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein a focal point of each of the optical objectives overlaps with a focal point of at least one other of the plurality of optical objectives.

10. The method of claim 8, further comprising splitting the energy beam among the plurality of objectives of the assembly.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein splitting the energy beam comprises splitting the energy beam using one of an optical grating, an oscillating mirror, a galvanometer mirror, and an acoustic optical modulator.

12. The method of claim 1, wherein illuminating the sheeting comprises illuminating the sheeting with an energy beam controlled by a six-axis robot arm.

13. The method of claim 1, wherein illuminating the sheeting comprises illuminating the sheeting with an energy beam controlled by a galvanometer scanner.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the galvanometer scanner controls the radiation source to move at a rate of at least 200 mm/sec.

15. The method of claim 1, wherein illuminating the sheeting comprises illuminating the sheeting with a radiation source via an optical train comprising an array of lenses having numerical apertures of greater than 0.3.

16. A sheeting comprising:

a layer of material having a surface of microlenses that form a plurality of three-dimensional images within the sheeting, wherein at least one of the images formed within the sheeting is a partially complete image, and wherein the images are associated with different microlenses of the sheeting,

wherein the microlenses have refractive surfaces that transmit light to positions within the sheeting to produce one or more composite images from the images formed within the sheeting that appears to float with respect to the surface of the sheeting.

17. The sheeting of claim 16, wherein the plurality of images formed within the sheeting cause the microlenses to produce a plurality of composite images, wherein each of the composite images is visible at a different viewing angle range.

18. The sheeting of claim 17, wherein each of the composite images comprises a different image.

19. The sheeting of claim 17, wherein the viewing angle ranges associated with each of the composite images overlap to form a continuous viewing angle range.

20. The sheeting of claim 17, wherein the viewing angle ranges associated with each of the composite images comprise non-overlapping viewing angle ranges.

21. The sheeting of claim 16, wherein an apparent distance that the composite image appears to float above or below the plane of the sheeting exhibits a continuous transition from a first distance to a second distance.