Method and apparatus for positioning a reference frame
First Claim
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1. A surgical navigation system for use in a surgical procedure on an anatomy including a bone, comprising:
- a tracking system;
a dynamic reference frame tracking sensor operable to be tracked by the tracking system as a dynamic reference frame;
a dynamic reference frame positioning member having a substantially non-cylindrical bone engaging portion including at least one arm extending from a central region that is configured to be axially driven into the bone to at least resist rotation of the dynamic reference frame positioning member about a long axis of the dynamic reference frame positioning member;
wherein the dynamic reference frame tracking sensor is attached to the dynamic reference frame positioning member;
wherein the dynamic reference frame positioning member is operable to engage a bone in the anatomy in a selectively fixed manner at least by being impacted into the bone in the axial direction to hold the dynamic reference frame tracking sensor in a selected position relative to the bone.
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Abstract
A method and apparatus to perform a procedure that can include a processor assisted surgical procedure. During the procedure patient space and image space can be registered to allow for tracking of various tracking sensors. A dynamic reference frame can be used to maintain localization of the patient space with the image space. The dynamic reference frame can be fixedly interconnected with a bone portion of the anatomy.
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Citations
21 Claims
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1. A surgical navigation system for use in a surgical procedure on an anatomy including a bone, comprising:
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a tracking system; a dynamic reference frame tracking sensor operable to be tracked by the tracking system as a dynamic reference frame; a dynamic reference frame positioning member having a substantially non-cylindrical bone engaging portion including at least one arm extending from a central region that is configured to be axially driven into the bone to at least resist rotation of the dynamic reference frame positioning member about a long axis of the dynamic reference frame positioning member; wherein the dynamic reference frame tracking sensor is attached to the dynamic reference frame positioning member; wherein the dynamic reference frame positioning member is operable to engage a bone in the anatomy in a selectively fixed manner at least by being impacted into the bone in the axial direction to hold the dynamic reference frame tracking sensor in a selected position relative to the bone. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7)
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8. A surgical navigation system for use in a surgical procedure on an anatomy including a bone, comprising:
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a tracking system; a dynamic reference frame tracking sensor operable to be tracked by the tracking system as a dynamic reference frame; and a dynamic reference frame positioning member having; a bone engaging portion, wherein the bone engaging portion has at least a first section that has at least a first arm and a second arm that extend transverse to a long axis of the dynamic reference frame positioning member and that is configured to be axially driven into the bone to at least resist rotation of the dynamic reference frame positioning member about the long axis, and a sensor holding section, wherein the dynamic reference frame tracking sensor is configured to removably engage the sensor holding section in a fixed position relative to the bone engaging portion; wherein the dynamic reference frame positioning member is operable to engage a bone in the anatomy in a selectively fixed manner at least by being impacted into the bone in the axial direction to hold said dynamic reference frame tracking sensor in a selected position relative to the bone. - View Dependent Claims (9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15)
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16. A surgical navigation system for use in a surgical procedure on an anatomy including a bone, comprising:
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a tracking system; a dynamic reference frame tracking sensor operable to be tracked by the tracking system as a dynamic reference frame; and a dynamic reference frame positioning member having; a bone engaging portion, wherein the bone engaging portion has at least a first section that has at least a first arm and a second arm that extend transverse to a long axis of the dynamic reference frame positioning member and that is configured to be axially driven into the bone to at least resist rotation of the dynamic reference frame positioning member about the long axis, and a sensor holding section having a pin extending transverse to the long axis of the dynamic reference frame positioning member, wherein the dynamic reference frame tracking sensor is configured to removably engage the sensor holding section in a fixed position relative to the bone engaging portion; and a cap having a pin passage to allow the pin to pass relative to the cap during an impaction of the dynamic reference frame positioning member; wherein the cap is configured to be directly impacted and transfer an impaction force to the dynamic reference frame positioning member; wherein the pin passage limits contact and an impaction force applied to the pin during impaction of the dynamic reference frame positioning member; wherein the dynamic reference frame positioning member is operable to engage a bone in the anatomy in a selectively fixed manner at least by being impacted into the bone in the axial direction to hold said dynamic reference frame tracking sensor in a selected position relative to the bone.
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17. A method for using a surgical navigation system during surgical procedure on an anatomy including a bone, comprising:
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tracking a dynamic reference frame tracking sensor with a tracking system as a dynamic reference frame; and providing a dynamic reference frame positioning member extending along a long axis and formed with; a bone engaging portion, wherein the bone engaging portion has at least a first section that has at least a first arm and a second arm that extend transverse to the long axis and is configured to be axially driven into the bone to at least resist rotation of the dynamic reference frame positioning member about the long axis, and a sensor holding section configured to engage the dynamic reference frame tracking sensor in a fixed position relative to the bone engaging portion; wherein the dynamic reference frame positioning member is operable to engage a bone in the anatomy in a selectively fixed manner at least by being impacted into the bone axially in a direction along the long axis to hold said dynamic reference frame tracking sensor in a selected position relative to the bone. - View Dependent Claims (18, 19, 20, 21)
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Specification