Non-toxic, heavy-metal free explosive percussion primers and methods of preparing the same
First Claim
1. A primer composition comprising:
- an explosive consisting essentially of at least one moderately insensitive explosive in an amount of about 5 wt-% to about 40 wt-% of the primer composition and optionally a sensitizer in an amount of about 0 wt-% to about 20 wt-% of the primer composition, said at least one moderately insensitive explosive chosen from nitrocellulose, pentaerythritol tetranitrate (“
PETN”
), 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazatetracyclo [5.5.0.0.5,903,11]-dodecane (“
CL-20”
), cyclo-1,3,5-trimethylene-2,4,6-trinitramine (“
RDX”
), cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine (“
HMX”
), 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (“
TNT”
), nitroguanidine, styphnic acid, potassium dinitrobenzofuroxan (“
KDNBF”
), and mixtures thereof;
a plurality of fuel particles having an average particle size of greater than about 1.5 microns to about 12 microns, said plurality of fuel particles in an amount of about 5 wt-% to about 20 wt-% of the primer composition; and
an oxidizer in an amount of about 35 wt-% to about 85 wt-% of the primer composition;
wherein the primer composition is essentially devoid of other explosives except for the optional sensitizer and/or a propellant.
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Abstract
A non-toxic, non-hydroscopic percussion primer composition and methods of preparing the same, including at least one explosive component that has been traditionally considered a moderately insensitive explosive or secondary explosive, and at least fuel particle component having a particle size of about 1.5 microns to about 12 microns, which allows the use of moderately active metal oxidizers. The sensitivity of the primer composition is created by the interaction between the moderately insensitive explosive and the fuel agent such that traditional primary explosives such as lead styphnate or DDNP are not needed. The primer composition also eliminates the risks and dangers associated with traditional nano-sized fuel particles.
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Citations
39 Claims
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1. A primer composition comprising:
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an explosive consisting essentially of at least one moderately insensitive explosive in an amount of about 5 wt-% to about 40 wt-% of the primer composition and optionally a sensitizer in an amount of about 0 wt-% to about 20 wt-% of the primer composition, said at least one moderately insensitive explosive chosen from nitrocellulose, pentaerythritol tetranitrate (“
PETN”
), 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazatetracyclo [5.5.0.0.5,903,11]-dodecane (“
CL-20”
), cyclo-1,3,5-trimethylene-2,4,6-trinitramine (“
RDX”
), cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine (“
HMX”
), 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (“
TNT”
), nitroguanidine, styphnic acid, potassium dinitrobenzofuroxan (“
KDNBF”
), and mixtures thereof;a plurality of fuel particles having an average particle size of greater than about 1.5 microns to about 12 microns, said plurality of fuel particles in an amount of about 5 wt-% to about 20 wt-% of the primer composition; and an oxidizer in an amount of about 35 wt-% to about 85 wt-% of the primer composition; wherein the primer composition is essentially devoid of other explosives except for the optional sensitizer and/or a propellant. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15)
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16. A primer composition comprising:
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an explosive consisting essentially of nitrocellulose in an amount of about 5 wt-% to about 40 wt-% of the primer composition and optionally a sensitizer in an amount of about 0 wt-% to about 20 wt-% of the primer composition; a plurality of fuel particles having an average particle size of greater than about 1.5 microns to about 12 microns, said plurality of fuel particles in an amount of about 5 wt-% to about 20 wt-% of the primer composition; and an oxidizer; wherein the primer composition is essentially devoid of other explosives except for the optional sensitizer and/or a propellant. - View Dependent Claims (17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25)
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26. A primer composition comprising:
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an explosive consisting essentially of nitrocellulose and at least one moderately insensitive explosive chosen from pentaerythritol tetranitrate (“
PETN”
), 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazatetracyclo [5.5.0.0.5,903,11]-dodecane (“
CL-20”
), cyclo-1,3,5-trimethylene-2,4,6-trinitramine (“
RDX”
), cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine (“
HMX”
), 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (“
TNT”
), nitroguanidine, styphnic acid, potassium dinitrobenzofuroxan (“
KDNBF”
), and mixtures thereof; and
an optional sensitizer in an amount of about 0 wt-% to about 10 wt-% of the primer composition;a plurality of fuel particles having an average particle size of greater than about 1.5 microns to about 12 microns; and an oxidizer; wherein the primer composition is essentially devoid of other explosives except for the optional sensitizer and/or a propellant. - View Dependent Claims (27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39)
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Specification