Substrates, systems and methods for analyzing materials
First Claim
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1. An analytical device, comprising:
- a) a substrate comprising a first surface and at least a first optical waveguide disposed beneath but sufficiently proximal to the first surface that when excitation radiation is passed through the first optical waveguide, an evanescent field emanating from the first optical waveguide reaches above the first surface;
b) a mask layer disposed over the first surface of the substrate, the mask layer comprising a plurality of apertures that pass through the mask layer and expose the first surface; and
c) an individual, optically resolvable analyte disposed within one of the apertures sufficiently proximal to the first surface and external to the waveguide to be illuminated by the evanescent field.
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Abstract
Substrates, systems and methods for analyzing materials that include waveguide arrays disposed upon or within the substrate such that evanescent fields emanating from the waveguides illuminate materials disposed upon or proximal to the surface of the substrate, permitting analysis of such materials. The substrates, systems and methods are used in a variety of analytical operations, including, inter alia, nucleic acid analysis, including hybridization and sequencing analyses, cellular analyses and other molecular analyses.
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Citations
34 Claims
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1. An analytical device, comprising:
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a) a substrate comprising a first surface and at least a first optical waveguide disposed beneath but sufficiently proximal to the first surface that when excitation radiation is passed through the first optical waveguide, an evanescent field emanating from the first optical waveguide reaches above the first surface; b) a mask layer disposed over the first surface of the substrate, the mask layer comprising a plurality of apertures that pass through the mask layer and expose the first surface; and c) an individual, optically resolvable analyte disposed within one of the apertures sufficiently proximal to the first surface and external to the waveguide to be illuminated by the evanescent field. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20)
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21. A kit comprising:
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a) a substrate comprising a first surface and at least a first optical waveguide disposed beneath but sufficiently proximal to the first surface that when excitation radiation is passed through the first optical waveguide, an evanescent field emanating from the first optical waveguide reaches above the first surface; and b) a mask layer disposed over the first surface of the substrate, the mask layer comprising a plurality of apertures that pass through the mask layer and expose the first surface, wherein the apertures are configured to spatially confine an individual, optically resolvable analyte disposed sufficiently proximal to the first surface and external to the waveguide to be illuminated by the evanescent field. - View Dependent Claims (22, 23, 24, 25, 26)
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27. A system for analyzing an analyte, comprising:
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a) a substrate comprising a first surface and at least a first optical waveguide disposed beneath but sufficiently proximal to the first surface that when excitation radiation is passed through the first optical waveguide, an evanescent field emanating from the first optical waveguide reaches above the first surface; b) a mask layer disposed over the first surface of the substrate, the mask layer comprising a plurality of apertures that pass through the mask layer and expose the first surface c) at least a first light source optically coupled to the first optical waveguide to direct light into the first waveguide; and d) an optical detection system positioned to detect an optical signal from an optically resolvable individual analyte disposed within one of the apertures sufficiently proximal to the first surface and external to the waveguide to be illuminated by the evanescent field. - View Dependent Claims (28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34)
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Specification