Methods and apparatus for imaging

• US 8,471,905 B2
• Filed: 04/09/2009
• Issued: 06/25/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 04/09/2009
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Raytheon Company (Rtx Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Raytheon Company (Rtx Corporation)
• Inventors: Reed, Toby E., Johansen, David L., Kennedy, Diana J
• Primary Examiner(s): Feild, Lynn
• Assistant Examiner(s): ELFERVIG, TAYLOR A
• Application Number:
  US12/421,153
• Publication Number:
  US 20100259607A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,538 Days
• Field of Search: 348/144, 382/299
• US Class Current: 348/144
• CPC Class Codes: F41G 7/2253 Passive homing systems, i.e. comprising a receiver and do not requiring an active illumination of the target
• CPC Class Codes: F41G 7/2293 using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 3/4053 based on super-resolution, i.e. the output image resolution being higher than the sensor resolution

Abstract

Methods and apparatus for imaging according to various aspects of the present invention may generate an enhanced image of a target in an environment using image data from a sensor. The methods and apparatus may scale the image data to a higher resolution and register the image represented by the image data with other images of the same target. The enhanced image of the target is generated according to the registered images.

Claims

1. A missile guidance system assembly for generating an enhanced image of a target in an environment and guiding a missile based on the enhanced image, comprising:

a sensor adapted to generate multiple consecutive frames of image data over time, wherein each frame of image data corresponds to an image of the target and the environment; and

a computer responsive to the image data, wherein the computer is adapted to;

select an object window within each frame of the generated image data including image data corresponding to the target;

perform an upscale process to scale the image data within the object window to a higher resolution to produce a super-sampled output image, the upscale process including;

rotating the image represented by the image data in each object window to present the image of the target at a selected angle;

registering the image represented by the image data in the object window in a first frame with at least a second image represented by the image data in the object window in a second consecutive frame;

deconvolving the image data according to a point spread function associated with the sensor; and

combining at least the first and second consecutive frames of image data to generate the output image of the target according to the registered images by generating an average value for each pixel in the output image, the average value being determined from corresponding pixel values in each frame of the multiple consecutive frames of image data; and

an output system coupled to the computer and adapted to receive the output image of the target from the computer and to provide a missile guidance signal responsive to the output image.

2. A missile guidance system assembly according to claim 1, wherein the computer is further adapted to scale the image data by spreading each pixel in the image data using a parabolic interpolation function.

3. A missile guidance system assembly according to claim 1, wherein the computer is adapted to rotate the image according to a bi-linear interpolation function.

4. A missile guidance system assembly according to claim 1 wherein the computer is further adapted to store the output image and the image data in at least the first and second frames in a first-in-first-out (FIFO) buffer.

5. A missile guidance system assembly according to claim 4, wherein the computer is further adapted to generate the output image of the target by combining the stored output image and at least the first and second frames stored in the FIFO buffer.

6. A missile guidance system assembly according to claim 1 wherein the computer is adapted to select the object window by:

identifying a centroid of the target in the image; and

defining the object window around the centroid.

7. A missile guidance system assembly according to claim 1, wherein the sensor comprises an FPA.

8. A missile guidance system assembly according to claim 1, wherein the computer is adapted to register the image according to a weighted centroid of the image of the target.