Methods and apparatus for decreasing power consumption and bus activity

• US 8,473,647 B2
• Filed: 09/17/2007
• Issued: 06/25/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 09/17/2007
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Original Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Inventors: Vidal, Alberto, Ferguson, David
• Primary Examiner(s): Alrobaye, Idriss N
• Assistant Examiner(s): YU, HENRY W
• Application Number:
  US11/901,518
• Publication Number:
  US 20090077277A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,108 Days
• Field of Search: 710/6, 710/8, 710/15, 710/46, 710/60, 710/260, 710/107, 710/305, 709/202, 709/224, 709/227, 709/206, 709/235, 714/7, 714/748, 370/311, 370/329, 370/449, 370/395.4, 719/321, 711/112, 711/118, 455/67.11, 375/130
• US Class Current: 710/46
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 1/3203 Power management, i.e. event-based initiation of a power-saving mode
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 1/3253 Power saving in bus
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 13/385 for adaptation of a particular data processing system to different peripheral devices
• CPC Class Codes: Y02D 10/00 Energy efficient computing, e.g. low power processors, power management or thermal management

Abstract

Methods and apparatus for enhancing efficiency (e.g., reducing power consumption and bus activity) in a data bus. In an exemplary embodiment, a client-driven host device state machine switches among various states, each comprising a different polling frequency. A client device on the data bus (e.g., serial bus) checks for non-productive periods of polling activity, and upon discovering such a period, informs the host. The state machine then alters its polling scheme; e.g., switches to a lower state comprising a reduced polling frequency, and polling continues at this reduced frequency. In one variant, the client device continuously monitors itself to determine whether it has any data to transmit to a host device and if so, the host is informed, and the state machine restarts (e.g., to its highest polling state). By eliminating extraneous polling, power consumption and serial bus activity is optimized, potentially on both the host and the client.

Claims

1. A data device adapted to communicate with another device over a bus, the data device comprising:

logic configured to poll the second device according to a first of a plurality of polling schemes;

logic configured to determine when polling is non-productive;

logic configured to select a progressively lower rate polling scheme from the plurality of polling schemes, responsive to multiple determinations of non-productive polling;

logic configured to receive an indication of available data for transfer;

logic configured to, responsive to the indication of available data, request resumption of the first polling scheme.

2. The data device of claim 1, wherein the determination of non-productive polling comprises a number of Non-Acknowledgements (NAKs).

3. The data device of claim 2, wherein the number of NAKs is dynamically adjusted.

4. The data device of claim 1, wherein the determination of non-productive polling is determined from an amount of data transferred from the data device to the another device.

5. The data device of claim 1, wherein the determination of non-productive polling is determined from a rate of data transferred from the data device to the another device.

6. The data device of claim 1, wherein the determination of non-productive polling is determined from a duration of Non-Acknowledgements (NAKs).

7. The data device of claim 1, wherein the another device comprises a Universal Serial Bus (USB) compliant client device.

8. The data device of claim 1, wherein the plurality of polling schemes differ in frequency.

9. The data device of claim 8, wherein at least one of the plurality of polling schemes comprises a halted polling activity scheme.

10. A method for communicating with a second device over a serial bus with a first device, comprising:

polling the second device according to a first polling scheme;

receiving an indication of non-productive polling;

polling the second device according to one of a plurality of progressively lower rate polling schemes, substantially responsive to receiving multiple indications of non-productive polling

where the indication of non-productive polling is based on at least data being unavailable for transfer;

receiving an indication of available data for transfer; and

requesting resumption of the first polling scheme, substantially responsive to the indication of available data.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the indication of non-productive polling comprises a number of Non-Acknowledgments (NAKs).

12. The method of claim 10, wherein the second device comprises a Universal Serial Bus (USB) compliant client device.

13. The method of claim 10, wherein at least one of the plurality of progressively lower rate polling schemes comprises not polling.

14. A data device adapted to communicate with another device over a bus, the data device comprising:

logic configured to receive polls from the second device according to a first of a plurality of progressively lower rate polling schemes;

logic configured to determine when polling is non-productive;

logic configured to request a second of the plurality of progressively lower rate polling schemes, response to multiple determinations of non-productive polling;

logic configured to predict impending data for transfer; and

logic configured to, responsive to the prediction of the impending data, send a request for resumption of the first polling scheme.

15. The data device of claim 14, wherein the determination of non-productive polling is based on a number of Non-Acknowledgements (NAKs) exceeding a threshold value of NAKs.

16. The data device of claim 14, wherein the determination of non-productive polling is determined from a rate of data transferred from the data device to the another device.

17. The data device of claim 14, wherein the prediction is based on activity of a receive/transmit buffer in the device.

18. The data device of claim 14, wherein the another device comprises a Universal Serial Bus (USB) compliant client device.

19. The data device of claim 14, wherein the plurality of progressively lower rate polling schemes differ in frequency.

20. The data device of claim 19, wherein at least one of the plurality of progressively lower rate polling schemes comprises a halted polling activity scheme.