Phase lock loop for optical wireless network

• US 8,478,126 B1
• Filed: 02/18/2010
• Issued: 07/02/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 02/18/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: The Boeing Co.
• Original Assignee: The Boeing Co.
• Inventors: Harres, Daniel N.
• Primary Examiner(s): Vanderpuye, Kenneth N
• Assistant Examiner(s): Wolf, Darren E
• Application Number:
  US12/707,761
• Time in Patent Office: 1,230 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 398/103
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 10/1149 Arrangements for indoor wireless networking of information
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 14/02 Wavelength-division multiplex systems

Abstract

An apparatus comprises a platform, an optical transmitter associated with the platform, an optical detector associated with the platform, a sensor associated with the platform, a phase-locked loop circuit, and a processor unit associated with the platform. The optical transmitter is configured to transmit first optical signals. The optical detector is configured to receive optical signals. The phase-locked loop circuit is configured to indicate a presence of second optical signals in the optical signals indicating a time interval to transmit information in the first optical signals. The processor unit is electrically connected to the optical detector, the optical transmitter, and the sensor. The processor unit is associated with the phase-locked loop circuit. The processor unit is configured to transmit the information in the first optical signals using the optical transmitter during the time interval.

Claims

1. An apparatus comprising:

a first optical transmitter in a first platform, wherein the first optical transmitter is configured to transmit first optical signals;

a first optical detector associated with the first platform, wherein the first optical detector is configured to receive optical signals comprising at least second optical signals, wherein the second optical signals comprise a one second beacon with a one fifteen Hertz sinewave followed by twenty-eight thirty Hertz sinewaves;

a sensor associated with the first platform;

a phase-locked loop circuit that locks onto the thirty Hertz sinewaves in the second optical signals, wherein the phase-locked loop circuit is configured to indicate a presence of the second optical signals in the optical signals indicating a time interval to transmit information in the first optical signals;

a first processor unit associated with the first platform, wherein the first processor unit is electrically connected to the first optical detector, the first optical transmitter, and the sensor, wherein the first processor unit is associated with the phase-locked loop circuit, and wherein the first processor unit is configured to transmit the information in the first optical signals using the first optical transmitter during the time interval, the information comprising information from the sensor; and

a receiver a second platform;

a second optical detector associated with the second platform, wherein the second optical detector is configured to change the first optical signals into first electrical signals;

a second optical transmitter associated with the second platform, wherein the second optical transmitter is configured to change second electrical signals into the second optical signals; and

a second processor unit associated with the second platform, wherein the second processor unit is configured to transmit the second electrical signals indicating the time interval during which the information is transmitted by the sensor unit to the receiver.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the phase-locked loop circuit is connected to the first optical detector and is associated with the first processor unit.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the phase-locked loop circuit comprises:

a phase detector having a first input connected to the optical detector;

an oscillator having an output connected to a second input of the phase detector; and

a loop filter having an input connected to an output of the phase detector and an output connected to the oscillator, wherein the loop filter is configured to pass a range of frequencies for the phase-locked loop circuit, wherein the range of frequencies is from about 29.5 Hertz to 30.5 Hertz.

4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the phase detector comprises a multiplying digital-to-analog converter and an output of the multiplying digital-to-analog converter is connected to the loop filter by a filter and an analog-to-digital converter.

5. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the loop filter and the oscillator are implemented in program code configured to be run by the processor unit.

6. The apparatus of claim 3 further comprising:

an integrate-and-dump filter connected to the phase detector and configured to add a plurality of samples over a selected period of time and indicate a beginning of the time interval, wherein the selected time period is about one-thirtieth of a second.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first transmitter is selected from one of a light-emitting diode and a laser diode.

8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the sensor is selected from one of a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, an accelerometer, a microphone, an oxygen sensor, a carbon dioxide sensor, a current sensor, a gas detector, an air flow sensor, a radiation detector, a tilt sensor, and a piezoelectric sensor.

9. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the oscillator is selected from one of a voltage-controlled oscillator and a numerically-controlled oscillator.

10. An apparatus comprising:

a number of sensor units, wherein a sensor unit within the number of sensor units comprises a first processor unit a first optical detector configured to receive optical signals a first optical transmitter configured to transmit first optical signals and a sensor, wherein the first processor unit is electrically connected to the first optical detector, the first optical transmitter, and the sensor, and wherein the first processor unit is configured to transmit the information in the first optical signals using the first optical transmitter during a time interval, wherein the first optical signals comprise a one second beacon with a one fifteen Hertz sinewave followed by twenty-eight thirty Hertz sinewaves; and

a receiver system comprising, a second processor unit, a second optical detector, and a second optical transmitter, wherein the receiver system is configured to transmit second optical signals identifying a time interval during which information is transmitted by the number of sensor units and to receive the information in the first optical signals from the number of sensor units wherein the second optical signals comprise a one second beacon with a one fifteen Hertz sinewave followed by twenty-eight thirty Hertz sinewaves.

11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the sensor unit further comprises:

a phase-locked loop circuit that locks onto the thirty Hertz sinewaves in the second optical signals and that is configured to identify the time interval using the second optical signals indicating a presence of the time interval to transmit the information.

12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the phase-locked loop circuit comprises:

a phase detector having a first input connected to the first optical detector;

a voltage-controlled oscillator having an output connected to a second input of the phase detector; and

a loop filter having an input connected to an output of the phase detector and an output connected to the voltage-controlled oscillator, wherein the loop filter is configured to pass a range of frequencies for the phase-locked loop circuit, wherein the range of frequencies is from about 29.5 Hertz to 30.5 Hertz.

13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the phase detector comprises a multiplying digital-to-analog converter and an output of the multiplying digital-to-analog converter is connected to the loop filter by a filter and an analog-to-digital converter.

14. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the loop filter and the voltage-controlled oscillator are implemented in program code configured to be run by the first processor unit.

15. The apparatus of claim 12 further comprising:

an integrate-and-dump filter connected to the phase detector and configured to add a plurality of samples over a selected period of time and indicate a beginning of the time interval, where the selected time period is about one-thirtieth of a second.

16. A method for transmitting information, the method comprising:

receiving optical signals at a first optical detector in a sensor unit, wherein the sensor unit comprises a first optical transmitter configured to transmit the information in first optical signals, a sensor, a phase-locked loop circuit, and a first processor unit electrically connected to the optical detector, the optical transmitter, and the sensor and in which the processor unit is connected to the phase-locked loop circuit; and

wherein the phase-locked loop circuit is configured to indicate a presence of second optical signals in the optical signals indicating a time interval to transmit the information, wherein the first optical signals and the second optical signals each comprise a one second beacon with a one fifteen Hertz sinewave followed by twenty-eight thirty Hertz sinewaves;

responsive to an indication of the presence of the second optical signals, transmitting the information in the first optical signals using the optical transmitter during the time interval; and

sending the second optical signals, by a receiver system, to the sensor unit, wherein the receiver system comprises a second optical detector configured to change the first optical signals into first electrical signals a second optical transmitter, wherein the second optical transmitter is configured to change second electrical signals into the second optical signals, and a processor unit configured to transmit the second electrical signals indicating the time interval during which the information is transmitted by the sensor unit to the receiver system.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein the phase-locked loop circuit comprises a phase detector having a first input connected to the optical detector;

a voltage-controlled oscillator having an output connected to a second input of the phase detector; and

a loop filter having an input connected to an output of the phase detector and an output connected to the voltage-controlled oscillator, wherein the loop filter is configured to pass a range of frequencies for the phase-locked loop circuit, wherein the range of frequencies is from about 29.5 Hertz to about 30.5 Hertz.

18. The method of claim 17, further comprising:

changing, by the optical detector, the optical signals into electrical signals;

generating, by the phase detector, a product signal identifying a phase difference between the electrical signals and a signal generated by the voltage-controlled oscillator;

filtering, by the loop filter, the product signal to pass the range of frequencies; and

changing a frequency for the voltage-controlled oscillator to substantially match a frequency for the second optical signals in the time interval.