Decentralized load distribution to reduce power and/or cooling costs in an event-driven system

• US 8,479,215 B2
• Filed: 08/18/2009
• Issued: 07/02/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 08/18/2009
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Lakshmanan, Geetika Tewari, Rabinovich, Yuri G., Schloss, Robert Jeffrey
• Primary Examiner(s): Bullock, Jr., Lewis A
• Assistant Examiner(s): Lu, Kevin X
• Application Number:
  US12/543,474
• Publication Number:
  US 20110047554A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,414 Days
• Field of Search: 718/105
• US Class Current: 718/105
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 9/4893 taking into account power or heat criteria power management in computers in general G06F1/3203; thermal management in computers in general G06F1/206
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 9/505 considering the load
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 9/5088 involving task migration
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 9/5094 where the allocation takes into account power or heat criteria power management in computers in general G06F1/3203; thermal management in computers in general G06F1/206
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/1001 for accessing one among a plurality of replicated servers
• CPC Class Codes: Y02D 10/00 Energy efficient computing, e.g. low power processors, power management or thermal management

Abstract

A computer-implemented method, computer program product and computer readable storage medium directed to decentralized load placement in an event-driven system so as to minimize energy and cooling related costs. Included are receiving a data flow to be processed by a plurality of tasks at a plurality of nodes in the event-driven system having stateful and stateless event processing components, wherein the plurality of tasks are selected from the group consisting of hierarchical tasks (a task that is dependent on the output of another task), nonhierarchical tasks (a task that is not dependent on the output of another task) and mixtures thereof. Nodes are considered for quiescing whose current tasks can migrate to other nodes while meeting load distribution and energy efficiency parameters and the expected duration of the quiesce provides benefits commensurate with the costs of quiesce and later restart. Additionally, tasks are considered for migrating to neighbor nodes to distribute the system load of processing the tasks and reduce cooling costs.

Claims

1. A method of decentralized load distribution in an event-driven system, the method comprising the steps of:

receiving a data flow to be processed by a plurality of tasks at a plurality of nodes in the event-driven system having stateful and stateless event processing components, wherein the plurality of tasks are selected from the group consisting of hierarchical tasks, wherein a hierarchical task is a task that is dependent on the output of another task, nonhierarchical tasks, wherein a nonhierarchical task is a task that is not dependent on the output of another task and mixtures thereof;

collecting statistics about each task hosted at each node and the characteristics of the each node including its heat characteristics;

creating a list of neighbor nodes, using the collected statistics, to which a task can be partially or wholly transferred;

selecting at least one task having a first temperature at a node for consideration to migrate, known as at least one target task, to a neighbor node, known as a target node, from the list of neighbor nodes, to distribute the system load of processing the at least one task and reduce cooling costs;

choosing the target node to which the at least one target task can be migrated wherein the target node has a second temperature;

migrating the at least one target task to the target node provided the migration will lower the first temperature and the second temperature is below a predetermined acceptable heat threshold; and

establishing a load exchange protocol at each node for governing the number of migrations of target tasks, wherein decentralized load migrations lead to overall system load distribution in the event-driven system and reduce cooling costs and wherein each node has the following load exchange constraints;

(i) during a first predetermined period of time, all target tasks are migrated either upstream or downstream and after a second predetermined period of time, the direction of the target task migration maybe switched;

(ii) if a target task is migrated to a target node, then any nearest neighbor downstream target tasks prior to the migration cannot be migrated for a predetermined amount of time;

(iii) after migration to a target node, a target task must remain at the target node for a predetermined amount of time; and

(iv) two nodes cannot migrate target tasks to a same target node at the same time.

2. The method of claim 1 further comprising splitting the at least one target task into 2 or more target subtasks.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein the load exchange protocol comprises all of the following:

(i) a decision to migrate the target task should not lead to oscillation such that the target task is migrated more than once to the target node and back to the node first hosting the target task;

(ii) no simultaneous migrations of 2 or more tasks to a single target node in a single machine cycle shall occur;

(iii) no simultaneous migrations of 2 or more tasks from a node in a single machine cycle shall occur; and

(iii) an end result of target task migration should improve load distribution in some manner.

4. The method of claim 1 further comprising the steps of:

migrating at least one target task to a target node and executing the at least one target task on the target node; and

collecting statistics about the execution of the at least one target task on the target node.

5. The method of claim 1 further comprising the step of selecting at least one node to transition into quiescent mode such that the at least one node migrates its tasks to a recipient node before becoming quiescent, the recipient node being physically connected to:

(a) the at least one node, (b) any nodes from which the at least one node receives input data and (c) any nodes to which the at least one node sends output data.

6. A computer program product comprising:

a nontransitory computer recordable storage medium having computer readable program code for decentralized load distribution in an event-driven system comprising;

computer readable program code configured for receiving a data flow to be processed by a plurality of tasks at a plurality of nodes in the event-driven system having stateful and stateless event processing components, wherein the plurality of tasks are selected from the group consisting of hierarchical tasks, wherein a hierarchical task is a task that is dependent on the output of another task, nonhierarchical tasks, wherein a nonhierarchical task is a task that is not dependent on the output of another task, and mixtures thereof;

computer readable program code configured for collecting statistics about each task hosted at each node and the characteristics of the each node including its heat characteristics;

computer readable program code configured for creating a list of neighbor nodes, using the collected statistics, to which a task can be partially or wholly transferred;

computer readable program code configured for selecting at least one task having a first temperature at a node for consideration to migrate, known as at least one target task, to a neighbor node, known as a target node, from the list of neighbor nodes, to distribute the system load of processing the at least one task and reduce cooling costs;

computer readable program code configured for choosing the target node to which the at least one target task can be migrated wherein the target node has a second temperature;

computer readable program code configured for migrating the at least one target task to the target node provided the migration will lower the first temperature and the second temperature is below a predetermined acceptable heat threshold; and

computer readable program code configured for establishing a load exchange protocol at each node for governing the number of migrations of target tasks, wherein decentralized load migrations lead to overall system load distribution in the event-driven system and reduce cooling costs and wherein each node has the following load exchange constraints;

(i) during a first predetermined period of time, all target tasks are migrated either upstream or downstream and after a second predetermined period of time, the direction of the target task migration maybe switched;

(ii) if a target task is migrated to a target node, then any nearest neighbor downstream target tasks prior to the migration cannot be migrated for a predetermined amount of time;

(iii) after migration to a target node, a target task must remain at the target node for a predetermined amount of time; and

(iv) two nodes cannot migrate target tasks to a same target node at the same time.

7. The computer program product of claim 6 further comprising computer readable program code configured for splitting the at least one target task into 2 or more target subtasks.

8. The computer program product of claim 6 wherein the load exchange protocol comprises all of the following:

(i) a decision to migrate the target task should not lead to oscillation such that the target task is migrated more than once to the target node and back to the node first hosting the target task;

(ii) no simultaneous migrations of 2 or more tasks to a single target node in a single machine cycle shall occur;

(iii) no simultaneous migrations of 2 or more tasks from a node in a single machine cycle shall occur; and

(iv) an end result of target task migration should improve load distribution in some manner.

9. The computer program product of claim 6 further comprising:

computer readable program code configured for migrating at least one target task to a target node and executing the at least one target task on the target node; and

computer readable program code configured for collecting statistics about the execution of the at least one target task on the target node.

10. The computer program product of claim 6 further comprising computer readable program code configured for selecting at least one node to transition into quiescent mode such that the at least one node migrates its tasks to a recipient node before becoming quiescent, the recipient node being physically connected to:

(a) the at least one node, (b) any nodes from which the at least one node receives input data and (c) any nodes to which the at least one node sends output data.