Method and device for incremental wavelength variation to analyze tissue

• US 8,486,735 B2
• Filed: 07/30/2009
• Issued: 07/16/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 07/30/2008
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: SARCOS LC (Sarcos Technology & Robotics Corp.)
• Original Assignee: Raytheon Company (Rtx Corporation)
• Inventors: Jacobsen, Stephen C., Smith, Fraser M., Marceau, David P.
• Primary Examiner(s): Backer, Firmin
• Assistant Examiner(s): Chambers, Michael A
• Application Number:
  US12/512,188
• Publication Number:
  US 20100188492A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,447 Days
• Field of Search: 348/162, 348/70, 348/45, 430/321, 356/364, 438/29
• US Class Current: 438/29
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 1/00188 with focusing or zooming features
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 1/05 characterised by the image sensor, e.g. camera, being in the distal end portion
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 1/051 Details of CCD assembly
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 1/0638 providing two or more wavelengths
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 1/0676 at distal tip of an endoscope
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 1/0684 using light emitting diodes [LED]
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/255 Details, e.g. use of specially adapted sources, lighting or optical systems

Abstract

A method of imaging a target using a miniaturized imaging device is disclosed comprising providing a miniaturized imaging device having a stationary lens system and an imaging array, wherein the distance from a distal end of the stationary lens system to the imaging array is fixed. The miniaturized imaging device is advanced near the desired target and a distance from a distal end of the stationary lens system to the desired target is determined. A desired wavelength of light is calculated based on the determined distance from the distal end of the stationary lens system to the desired target and the desired wavelength of light is propagated onto the target.

Claims

1. A method of imaging a desired target using a miniaturized imaging device, comprising:

providing a miniaturized imaging device comprising a lens system and an imaging array, wherein a distance from the distal end of the lens system to the imaging array is fixed;

advancing the miniaturized imaging device near the desired target;

determining a distance from the distal end of the lens system to the desired target;

calculating a range of potential optimal wavelengths of light to image the target in focus based on the determined distance from the distal end of the lens system to the desired target, including a starting wavelength of light;

propagating the starting wavelength of light onto the target;

receiving the starting wavelength of light reflected off of the target;

incrementally adjusting the starting wavelength of light through the range of potential optimal wavelengths of light and propagating each of the wavelengths of light within the range of potential optimal wavelengths of light onto the target at different times; and

determining a wavelength of light for optimally imaging a target in focus.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of creating an image from the desired wavelength of light reflected off of the target.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the lens system comprises a single GRIN lens.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the GRIN lens is mounted directly on a top surface of the imaging array.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the distance from the distal end of the lens system to the desired target is calculated by an infrared range calculation device.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the lens system comprises a plurality of GRIN lenses.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein each one of the plurality of GRIN lenses has a different longitudinal length.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein each one of the plurality of GRIN lenses is positioned on a different imaging array.

9. A method of imaging a target within a cavity using a miniaturized imaging device, comprising:

providing a miniaturized imaging device comprising a lens system and an imaging array, wherein a distance from a distal end of the lens system to the imaging array is fixed;

advancing the miniaturized imaging device within the cavity;

determining a distance from the lens system to the target and calculating a starting wavelength of light based on said distance calculation;

propagating the starting wavelength of light onto the target within the cavity;

receiving the starting wavelength of light reflected from the target onto the imaging array;

creating an image from the starting wavelength of light reflected from the target;

incrementally adjusting the starting wavelength of light to a plurality of different wavelengths of light and propagating the plurality of different wavelengths of light onto the target within the cavity;

receiving the plurality of different wavelengths of light reflected from the target onto the imaging array;

creating an image from each of the different wavelengths of light reflected from the target onto the imaging array; and

determining an optimal wavelength of light for imaging the target in focus based on the plurality of different wavelengths of light received onto the imaging array.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the optimal wavelength of light is determined with a passive autofocus technique.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the passive autofocus technique comprises a phase detection technique.

12. The method of claim 10, wherein the passive autofocus technique comprises a contrast measurement technique.

13. The method of claim 9, wherein the optimal wavelength of light is determined with an active autofocus technique.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the active autofocus technique comprises use of an infrared signal.

21. The method of claim 9, further comprising placing a distal end of the lens system in direct contact with the target, wherein the working distance of at least one of the lens systems is approximately zero for a predetermined monochromatic wavelength of light.

15. A miniaturized imaging device disposed on a distal end of a catheter, comprising:

at least one imaging array disposed on a distal end of the catheter;

a plurality of at least two longitudinally parallel lens systems disposed on the at least one imaging array, wherein the distal ends of each of the lens systems is coplanar to the distal end of the lens system and wherein each of the plurality of lens systems has a different longitudinal length;

a light source disposed on a distal end of the catheter adapted to propagate a starting monochromatic wavelength of light onto a target and incrementally adjust the starting monochromatic wavelength of light over different time intervals to a different monochromatic wavelength of light; and

a processor coupled to the imaging array configured to generate an image from the plurality of different monochromatic wavelengths of light reflected from the target and further configured to determine an optimal monochromatic wavelength of light to optimize image focus based on the light reflected from the target.

16. The miniaturized imaging device of claim 15, wherein the plurality of lens systems comprises a plurality of GRIN lenses.

17. The miniaturized imaging device of claim 16, further comprising a plurality of imaging arrays, wherein each of the plurality of GRIN lenses is disposed in direct contact with a separate imaging array.

18. The miniaturized imaging device of claim 17, wherein the working distance of at least one of the plurality of GRIN lens is approximately zero for a predetermined monochromatic wavelength of light.

19. A miniaturized imaging device disposed on a distal end of a catheter, comprising:

a light source disposed on a distal end of the catheter configured to propagate a starting monochromatic wavelength of light onto a target and incrementally adjust the starting monochromatic wavelength of light over different time intervals to a plurality of different monochromatic wavelengths of light;

a plurality of substantially parallel lens systems disposed on an imaging array configured to receive light reflected from the target, wherein the distance from a distal end of each of the stationary lens systems to the imaging array is fixed;

wherein each of the lens systems has a different longitudinal length and wherein the distance from a front surface of each of the plurality of lens systems to the target is different;

means for determining the distance from a distal end of each of the lens system to the target; and

a processor coupled to the imaging array configured to generate an image from the plurality of different monochromatic wavelengths of light and further configured to determine an optimal monochromatic wavelength of light to optimize image focus based on the light reflected from the target.

20. The miniaturized imaging device of claim 19, wherein each of the plurality of lens systems has a different effective focal length.