Wireless power transfer for appliances and equipments

• US 8,487,478 B2
• Filed: 11/07/2008
• Issued: 07/16/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 05/13/2008
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Qualcomm, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Qualcomm, Inc.
• Inventors: Kirby, Miles A., Grob, Matthew S., Ozaki, Ernest T., Jacobs, Paul E., Von Novak, William H., Mohammadian, Alireza Hormoz, Toncich, Stanley S.
• Primary Examiner(s): Amrany, Adi
• Application Number:
  US12/267,041
• Publication Number:
  US 20090284245A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,712 Days
• Field of Search: 307/104
• US Class Current: 307/104
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/0701 at least one of the integrated circuit chips comprising an arrangement for power management
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/0715 the arrangement including means to regulate power transfer to the integrated circuit
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/0723 the record carrier comprising an arrangement for non-contact communication, e.g. wireless communication circuits on transponder cards, non-contact smart cards or RFIDs
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/0008 General problems related to the reading of electronic memory record carriers, independent of its reading method, e.g. power transfer
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/10178 including auxiliary means for focusing, repeating or boosting the electromagnetic interrogation field comparable booster antennas integrated on the record carrier itself G06K19/07794
• CPC Class Codes: H01F 38/14 Inductive couplings for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling H02J50/10
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 1/2225 used in active tags, i.e. provided with its own power source or in passive tags, i.e. deriving power from RF signal
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 1/38 formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support patch antennas H01Q9/0407; microstrip dipole antennas H01Q9/065; microstrip slot antennas H01Q13/106; transmission line microstrip antennas H01Q13/206; manufacturing reflecting surfaces using insulating material for supporting the reflecting surface H01Q15/142
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 7/00 Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/005 Mechanical details of housing or structure aiming to accommodate the power transfer means, e.g. mechanical integration of coils, antennas or transducers into emitting or receiving devices
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/12 of the resonant type
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/20 using microwaves or radio frequency waves
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/40 using two or more transmitting or receiving devices H02J50/50 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/502 the energy repeater being integrated together with the emitter or the receiver
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/60 responsive to the presence of foreign objects, e.g. detection of living beings
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/90 involving detection or optimisation of position, e.g. alignment
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00034 Charger exchanging data with an electronic device, i.e. telephone, whose internal battery is under charge
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 5/48 Transceivers
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 5/72 for local intradevice communication
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 5/79 for data transfer in combination with power transfer

Abstract

Exemplary embodiments are directed to wireless power transfer. A transmitting device or a receiving device for use in a wireless transfer system may be equipment or a household appliance. The transmitting device includes a transmit antenna to wirelessly transfer power to a receive antenna by generating a near field radiation within a coupling-mode region. An amplifier applies an RF signal to the transmit antenna. A presence detector detects a presence of a receiver device within the coupling-mode region. A controller adjusts a power output of the amplifier responsive to the presence of a receiver device. The presence detector may also detect a human presence. The power output may be adjusted at or below the regulatory level when the presence signal indicates human presence and above a regulatory level when the presence signal indicates human absence.

Claims

1. An apparatus for wirelessly transferring power to a receive antenna of a receiver device, comprising:

a transmit antenna configured to generate an electromagnetic field to wirelessly transfer the power to the receive antenna at a resonant frequency within a coverage area of the transmit antenna;

an amplifier configured to output electric power to the transmit antenna for generating the electromagnetic field;

a presence detector configured to detect a presence of the receiver device within the coverage area in the absence of physical contact with the receiver device, of using the electromagnetic field, and of receiving data communication from the receiver device, and configured to generate a presence signal in response to the detection of the presence of the receiver device; and

a controller operably coupled to the presence detector and the amplifier and configured to adjust the output of the amplifier in response to the presence signal, the controller being further configured to cause power to be simultaneously transmitted to two or more receiver devices within the coverage area and to subsequently register each of the two or more receiver devices.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:

the presence detector is further configured to detect a human presence and to modify the presence signal to indicate the human presence or the human absence; and

the controller is further configured to;

adjust the power output of the amplifier to a high power level above a regulatory level when the presence signal indicates the human absence; and

adjust the power output of the amplifier to at or below the regulatory level when the presence signal indicates the human presence.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the presence detector is selected from the group consisting of a motion detector, an infrared detector, and a combination thereof.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the controller is further configured to remove power from the amplifier when the presence signal indicates the absence of any receiver devices in the coverage area.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the controller is further configured to remove power from the amplifier following a time delay after the presence signal indicates the absence of any receiver devices in the coverage area.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus includes a computer and the transmit antenna is disposed on or in a back surface of a display of the computer.

7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the transmit antenna comprises a multi-turn loop.

8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus comprises a computer and the transmit antenna is disposed in a periphery around a display of the computer.

9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the transmit antenna is configured to create a coupling-mode region within a near field of the transmit antenna, the coupling mode region defined by the coverage area.

10. A method, comprising:

generating an electromagnetic field to wirelessly transfer power at a resonant frequency of a transmit antenna from the transmit antenna to a receive antenna of a receiver device in a coverage area of the transmit antenna;

detecting a presence of the receiver device within the coverage area in the absence of physical contact with the receiver device, of using the electromagnetic field, and of receiving data communication from the receiver device;

adjusting a power output of the transmit antenna in response to the presence of the receive antenna;

receiving power in the coverage area with the receive antenna disposed within the coverage area;

simultaneously transmitting power to two or more receiver devices within the coverage area; and

subsequently registering each of the two or more receiver devices.

11. The method of claim 10, further comprising:

detecting a human presence within a regulatory distance of the electromagnetic field;

adjusting the power output of the transmit antenna responsive to the human presence to a regulatory level or lower; and

adjusting the power output of the transmit antenna responsive to a human absence to a level above the regulatory level.

12. The method of claim 10, further comprising stopping generation of the electromagnetic field when the presence of any receiver devices in the coverage area is not detected.

13. The method of claim 10, further comprising stopping generation of the electromagnetic field following a time delay after the presence of any receiver devices in the coverage area is not detected.

14. The method of claim 10, wherein the generating comprises creating a coupling-mode region within a near field of the transmit antenna, the coupling mode region defined by the coverage area.

15. A method, comprising:

generating an electromagnetic field to wirelessly transfer power at a resonant frequency of a transmit antenna from the transmit antenna to a receive antenna of a receiver device in a coverage area of the transmit antenna;

repeating generation of the electromagnetic field with a repeater antenna to create a repeated coverage area different from the coverage area;

detecting a presence of the receiver device within the repeated coverage area in the absence of physical contact with the receiver device, of using the electromagnetic field, and of receiving data communication from the receiver device;

adjusting a power output of the transmit antenna in response to the presence of the receiver device;

receiving power from the repeated coverage area with the receive antenna disposed within the repeated coverage area;

simultaneously transmitting power to two or more receiver devices within the repeated coverage area; and

subsequently registering each of the two or more receiver devices.

16. The method of claim 15, further comprising:

detecting a human presence within a regulatory distance of the electromagnetic field;

adjusting the power output of the transmit antenna responsive to the human presence to a regulatory level or lower; and

adjusting the power output of the transmit antenna responsive to a human absence to a level above the regulatory level.

17. The method of claim 15, further comprising stopping generating of the electromagnetic field when the detecting indicates the absence of any receiver devices in the coverage area.

18. The method of claim 15, further comprising stopping generation of the electromagnetic field following a time delay after the presence of any receiver devices in the coverage area is not detected.

19. The method of claim 15, wherein the generating comprises creating a coupling-mode region within a near field of the transmit antenna, the coupling mode region defined by the coverage area.

20. A wireless power transfer system, comprising:

means for generating an electromagnetic field to wirelessly transfer power at a resonant frequency of a transmit antenna from the transmit antenna to a receive antenna of a receiver device in a coverage area of the transmit antenna;

means for detecting a presence of the receiver device within the coverage area in the absence of physical contact with the receiver device, of using the electromagnetic field, and of receiving data communication from the receiver device;

means for adjusting a power output of the transmit antenna in response to the presence of the receive antenna;

means for receiving power in the coverage area with the receive antenna disposed within the coverage area;

means for simultaneously transmitting power to two or more receiver devices within the coverage area; and

means for subsequently registering each of the two or more receiver devices.

21. The system of claim 20, further comprising:

means for detecting a human presence within a regulatory distance of the electromagnetic field;

means for adjusting the power output of the transmit antenna responsive to the human presence to a regulatory level or lower; and

means for adjusting the power output of the transmit antenna responsive to a human absence to a level above the regulatory level.

22. The system of claim 20, wherein the generating means stops generation of the electromagnetic field when the detecting means indicates the absence of any receiver devices in the coverage area.

23. The system of claim 20, wherein the generating means stops generation of the electromagnetic field following a time delay after the detecting means indicates the absence of any receiver devices in the coverage area.

24. A wireless power transfer system, comprising:

means for generating an electromagnetic field to wirelessly transfer power at a resonant frequency of a transmit antenna from the transmit antenna to a receive antenna of a receiver device in a coverage area of the transmit antenna;

means for repeating generation of the electromagnetic field with a repeater antenna to create a repeated coverage area different from the coverage area;

means for detecting a presence of the receiver device within the repeated coverage area in the absence of physical contact with the receiver device, of using the electromagnetic field, and of receiving data communication from the receiver device;

means for adjusting a power output of the transmit antenna in response to the presence of the receiver device;

means for receiving power from the repeated coverage area with the receive antenna disposed within the repeated coverage area;

means for simultaneously transmitting power to two or more receiver devices within the repeated coverage area; and

means for subsequently registering each of the two or more receiver devices.

25. The system of claim 24, further comprising:

means for detecting a human presence within a regulatory distance of the electromagnetic field;

means for adjusting the power output of the transmit antenna responsive to the human presence to a regulatory level or lower; and

means for adjusting the power output of the transmit antenna responsive to a human absence to a level above the regulatory level.

26. The system of claim 24, wherein the generating means stops generation of the electromagnetic field when the detecting means indicates the absence of any receiver devices in the coverage area.

27. The system of claim 24, wherein the generating means stops generation of the electromagnetic field following a time delay after the detecting means indicates the absence of any receiver devices in the coverage area.