Gas stream multi-pollutants control systems and methods

• US 8,491,858 B2
• Filed: 10/05/2011
• Issued: 07/23/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 03/02/2009
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Arelac, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Calera Corporation
• Inventors: Seeker, William Randall, Constantz, Brent, Khosla, Vinod
• Primary Examiner(s): ANTHONY, JOSEPH DAVID
• Application Number:
  US13/253,272
• Publication Number:
  US 20120049114A1
• Time in Patent Office: 657 Days
• Field of Search: 423/99, 423/105, 423/106, 423/419.1, 423/420.2, 423/421, 423/422, 423/427, 423/428, 423/430, 423/431, 423/594.18, 423/658.5, 436/81, 436/146, 422/261, 422/262, 95/36, 952/34, 952/36
• US Class Current: 423/105
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2251/304 of sodium
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2251/404 of calcium
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2251/606 Carbonates
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2257/2045 Hydrochloric acid
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2257/2047 Hydrofluoric acid
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2257/302 Sulfur oxides
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2257/404 Nitrogen oxides other than dinitrogen oxide
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2257/504 Carbon dioxide
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2257/60 Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2257/602 Mercury or mercury compounds
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/1418 Recovery of products
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/44 Organic components
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/502 characterised by a specific solution or suspension
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/56 Nitrogen oxides B01D53/60 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/62 Carbon oxides
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/64 Heavy metals or compounds thereof, e.g. mercury
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/78 with gas-liquid contact
• CPC Class Codes: Y02C 20/40 of CO2
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 20/32 Direct CO2 mitigation
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 436/235 In an aqueous solution [e.g., TOC, etc.]

Abstract

In some embodiments, the invention provides systems and methods for removing carbon dioxide and/or additional components of waste gas streams, comprising contacting the waste gas stream with an aqueous solution, removing carbon dioxide and/or additional components from the waste gas stream, and containing the carbon dioxide and/or additional components, in one form or another, in a composition. In some embodiments, the composition is a precipitation material comprising carbonates, bicarbonates, or carbonates and bicarbonates. In some embodiments, the composition further comprises carbonate and/or bicarbonate co-products resulting from co-processing SOx, NOx, particulate matter, and/or certain metals. Additional waste streams such as liquid, solid, or multiphasic waste streams may be processed as well.

Claims

1. A non-hazardous composition comprising carbonates, bicarbonates, or a combination thereof, and mercury, a mercury derivative, or a combination thereof, wherein the carbonates, bicarbonates, or the combination thereof have a relative carbon isotope composition (δ

¹³C) value less than −

5.00‰

wherein the mercury is in a non-leachable form in the composition, and wherein the composition, when subjected to a leaching process comprising

preparing 2×

1 L of an extraction fluid comprising an aqueous solution of acetic acid, wherein each 1 L of the extraction fluid comprises 5.7 mL acetic acid in deionized water;

grinding the solid such that particles of ground solid are less than 1 cm in the narrowest dimension if the particles are not already less than 1 cm in the narrowest dimension;

placing 100 g of the ground solid into an extraction vessel with 2 L of the extraction fluid to produce an extraction composition;

rotating the extraction vessel in an end-over-end fashion for 18±

2 hours at room temperature;

filtering the extraction composition through borosilicate glass fiber with a pore size of 0.6 μ

m to 0.8 μ

m to produce a leachate; and

adjusting pH of the leachate with 1 N nitric acid to a pH of pH 2 or less than pH 2;

produces a leachate comprising less than 2.0 mg/L of mercury.

2. The composition of claim 1, wherein the relative carbon isotope composition value is less than −

10.00‰

.

3. The composition of claim 1, wherein the relative carbon isotope composition value is less than −

20.00‰

.

4. The composition of claim 1, wherein the composition comprises at least 90% carbonates.

5. The composition of claim 1, wherein the leachate comprises less than 1.0 mg/L of mercury.

6. The composition of claim 5, wherein the leachate comprises less than 0.5 mg/L of mercury.

7. The composition of claim 1, wherein the composition further comprises a sulfur-containing compound.

8. The composition of claim 7, wherein the sulfur-containing compound is a sulfate or a sulfite.

9. The composition of claim 1, wherein the carbonate or the bicarbonate is a calcium carbonate or calcium bicarbonate, respectively.

10. The composition of claim 9, wherein the calcium carbonate comprises a metastable form selected from the group consisting of vaterite, amorphous calcium carbonate, and combination thereof.

11. The composition of claim 1, wherein the composition further comprises metals selected from the group consisting of Ag, As, Ba, Be, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, Tl, V, Zn, and combination thereof.

12. The composition of claim 1, wherein the composition has a particle size of between 0.1-100 μ

m.