Synthesis of terminal alkenes from internal alkenes via olefin metathesis
First Claim
1. A method for synthesizing a terminal olefin, the method comprising:
- providing an olefinic substrate having at least one internal olefin;
providing an alpha olefin having at least 3 carbon atoms; and
contacting the olefinic substrate with the alpha olefin in the presence of less than approximately 100 ppm of a metathesis catalyst relative to the number of olefinic substrate double bonds, under reaction conditions effective to allow cross-metathesis to occur;
wherein the contacting yields a product having at least 10 wt % 9DA, and the catalyst has a TON9DA of approximately 10,000 or greater.
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Abstract
This disclosure relates generally to olefin metathesis, and more particularly relates to the synthesis of terminal alkenes from internal alkenes using a cross-metathesis reaction catalyzed by an olefin metathesis catalyst. According to one aspect, for example, a method is provided for synthesizing a terminal olefin, the method comprising contacting, in the presence of a ruthenium alkylidene metathesis catalyst, an olefinic substrate comprised of at least one internal olefin with a cross metathesis partner comprised of an alpha olefinic reactant, under reaction conditions effective to allow cross-metathesis to occur, wherein the reaction conditions include a reaction temperature of at least 35° C. The methods, compositions, reactions and reaction systems herein disclosed have utility in the fields of catalysis, organic synthesis, and industrial chemistry.
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Citations
24 Claims
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1. A method for synthesizing a terminal olefin, the method comprising:
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providing an olefinic substrate having at least one internal olefin; providing an alpha olefin having at least 3 carbon atoms; and contacting the olefinic substrate with the alpha olefin in the presence of less than approximately 100 ppm of a metathesis catalyst relative to the number of olefinic substrate double bonds, under reaction conditions effective to allow cross-metathesis to occur; wherein the contacting yields a product having at least 10 wt % 9DA, and the catalyst has a TON9DA of approximately 10,000 or greater. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 19, 20, 21, 22)
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16. A method for synthesizing a terminal olefin, the method comprising:
- contacting, under an inert or oxygen atmosphere and in the presence of a ruthenium alkylidene metathesis catalyst, an olefinic substrate comprised of at least one internal olefin with a cross metathesis partner comprised of an alpha olefin having at least 3 carbon atoms, under reaction conditions effective to ensure that the olefinic substrate and the cross-metathesis partner are in liquid form and to allow cross-metathesis to occur, wherein the catalyst is present in an amount ranging from about 1 ppm to about 100 ppm relative to the number of olefinic substrate double bonds.
- View Dependent Claims (17, 18)
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23. A method for synthesizing a terminal olefin, the method comprising:
- contacting, in the presence of a ruthenium alkylidene metathesis catalyst, an olefinic substrate comprised of at least one internal olefin with an alpha olefin having at least 3 carbon atoms, under reaction conditions effective to allow cross-metathesis to occur, wherein the ruthenium alkylidene metathesis catalyst is present in an amount of approximately 100 ppm or less and the method provides a terminal olefin having a turnover number of at least twice the turnover number obtained for an identical reaction in which ethylene is substituted for the alpha olefin, and wherein the ruthenium alkylidene metathesis catalyst has the structure of formula (IV);
- View Dependent Claims (24)
- contacting, in the presence of a ruthenium alkylidene metathesis catalyst, an olefinic substrate comprised of at least one internal olefin with an alpha olefin having at least 3 carbon atoms, under reaction conditions effective to allow cross-metathesis to occur, wherein the ruthenium alkylidene metathesis catalyst is present in an amount of approximately 100 ppm or less and the method provides a terminal olefin having a turnover number of at least twice the turnover number obtained for an identical reaction in which ethylene is substituted for the alpha olefin, and wherein the ruthenium alkylidene metathesis catalyst has the structure of formula (IV);
Specification