Model-based battery fuel gauges and methods
DCFirst Claim
1. A monitor for monitoring the state of charge of a battery, including when delivering current to a load on the battery, comprising:
- an analog to digital converter for coupling to terminals of a battery;
a digital circuit modeling the battery and its dynamic electrical characteristics, the digital circuit estimating the open circuit voltage of the battery by repeatedly calculating the open circuit voltage of the battery using a resistor—
capacitor (RC) battery model, and determining the state of charge of the battery from the estimated open circuit voltage without using a measure of the current delivered to the load from the battery.
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Abstract
Model-based battery fuel gauges that connect across a rechargeable battery and track the per-cent state of charge of the battery. The model based fuel gauges provide a measure of the open terminal voltage of a battery, even when the battery is powering a load, to provide the state of charge information. Analog and digital implementations of the battery model fuel gauges may be used, and incorporated into a battery powered device in various ways, including constantly powered implementations and implementations that are turned on and off with the battery powered device. Various exemplary embodiments are disclosed.
21 Citations
17 Claims
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1. A monitor for monitoring the state of charge of a battery, including when delivering current to a load on the battery, comprising:
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an analog to digital converter for coupling to terminals of a battery; a digital circuit modeling the battery and its dynamic electrical characteristics, the digital circuit estimating the open circuit voltage of the battery by repeatedly calculating the open circuit voltage of the battery using a resistor—
capacitor (RC) battery model, and determining the state of charge of the battery from the estimated open circuit voltage without using a measure of the current delivered to the load from the battery. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9)
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10. A non-transitory machine readable medium containing executable computer program instructions which when executed by a data processing system cause said system to perform a method of monitoring the state of charge of a battery, whether or not the battery is delivering current to a load, the method comprising:
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repeatedly receiving the terminal voltage on the battery in digital form from an ADC; repeatedly estimating the open circuit voltage of the battery by combining an estimated open circuit voltage with a present terminal voltage to obtain an updated estimate of open circuit voltage using a predetermined dynamic electrical model of the battery; and
,repeatedly determining the state of charge of the battery from the estimated open circuit voltages without using a measure of the current delivered to the load by the battery. - View Dependent Claims (11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17)
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Specification