Radiometric cargo security device

• US 8,507,867 B1
• Filed: 10/07/2010
• Issued: 08/13/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 10/07/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: the united states of america as represented by the secretary of the navy
• Original Assignee: the united states of america as represented by the secretary of the navy
• Inventors: Clement, Russel E., Ramirez, Ayax D.
• Primary Examiner(s): Porta, David
• Assistant Examiner(s): BOOSALIS, FANI POLYZOS
• Application Number:
  US12/899,602
• Time in Patent Office: 1,041 Days
• Field of Search: 250/349, 250/340, 250/339.06, 250/341.4, 250/338.11
• US Class Current: 250/349
• CPC Class Codes: G07C 2009/0092 for cargo, freight or shipping containers and applications therefore in general
• CPC Class Codes: G07C 9/00896 specially adapted for particular uses

Abstract

Detection of a breach in security of an enclosure, such as a shipping enclosure, is indicated by detection of a change in a closed status. A detector enclosure is provided with a window opening in the detector enclosure. A reference body having an image slit is accessible from within the detector enclosure, and a radiation detector is used to alternately receive radiation through the window opening in the detector and from the reference body through the image slit. An indication of the two received radiation levels or a difference between the received radiation levels is used to provide an indication of a change in the closed status of the enclosure.

Claims

1. Apparatus for detecting a breach in security of an enclosure as indicated by a change in a closed status, the apparatus comprising:

a detector enclosure where the enclosure is held at a relatively constant uniform temperature;

a window opening in the detector enclosure;

a reference black body emitter having an image slit accessible from within the detector enclosure, the reference black body emitter having peak wavelength regions of radiance;

an IR radiation detector that is sensitive in the peak wavelength regions of the reference body emitter radiance;

a reflective chopper capable of alternating reception by the radiation detector between receiving radiation through the window opening in the detector and receiving radiation from the reference body emitter through the image slit;

a circuit capable of providing an indication of radiation levels of the received radiation through the window opening and the received radiation from the reference black body emitter through the image slit or a difference between the received radiation levels, whereby a change in reception through the window opening provides an indication of a change in the closed status of the enclosure.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:

a wireless communication link capable of transmitting detected changes corresponding to possible change in the closed status of the enclosure.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:

a wireless communication link capable of transmitting an indication of the received radiation levels, thereby permitting external detection of a possible change in the closed status of the enclosure.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the enclosure comprises a shipping enclosure.

5. Method for detecting a breach in security of an enclosure as indicated by a change in a closed status, the method comprising:

providing a detector enclosure having a window opening and where the enclosure is held at a relatively constant uniform temperature;

providing a reference black body emitter within the detector enclosure and having an image slit accessible from within the detector enclosure, the reference black body emitter having peak wavelength regions of radiance;

detecting IR radiation in the detector enclosure that is sensitive in the peak wavelength regions of the reference body emitter radiance by alternating reception between receiving radiation through the window opening in the detector enclosure and receiving radiation from the reference body through the image slit;

providing an indication of the two received radiation levels or a difference between the received radiation levels, whereby a change in reception through the window opening provides an indication of a change in the closed status of the enclosure.

6. The method of claim 5, further comprising:

using a wireless communication link to transmit detected changes corresponding to possible change in the closed status of the enclosure as indicated by changes in the received radiation.

7. The method of claim 5, further comprising:

using a wireless communication link to transmit an indication of the received radiation levels, thereby permitting external detection of a possible change in the closed status of the enclosure.

8. A cargo container system comprising:

a detector enclosure for detecting door openings or a breach in security of a cargo container as indicated by a change in a closed status, the detector enclosure contained within the cargo container where the cargo container is held at a relatively constant uniform temperature and including;

a window opening in the detector enclosure;

a reference black body emitter having an image slit accessible from within the detector enclosure, the reference black body emitter having peak wavelength regions of radiance;

an IR radiation detector that is sensitive in the peak wavelength regions of the reference body emitter radiance;

a reflective chopper capable of alternating reception by the radiation detector between receiving radiation through the window opening in the detector and receiving radiation from the reference body through the image slit;

a circuit capable of providing an indication of radiation levels of the received radiation through the window opening and the received radiation from the reference black body emitter through the image slit or a difference between the received radiation levels, whereby a change in reception through the window opening provides an indication of a change in the closed status of the cargo container.

9. The apparatus of claim 8, further comprising:

a wireless communication link capable of transmitting detected changes corresponding to possible change in the closed status of the cargo container.

10. The apparatus of claim 9, further comprising:

the wireless communication link capable of transmitting an indication of the received radiation levels, thereby permitting external detection of a possible change in the closed status of the cargo container.