Method and apparatus for operating a diversity antenna system for communicating with implantable medical device

• US 8,509,911 B2
• Filed: 03/28/2011
• Issued: 08/13/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 02/28/2005
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Cardiac Pacemakers Incorporated (Boston Scientific Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Cardiac Pacemakers Incorporated (Boston Scientific Corporation)
• Inventors: Li, Hui, Bange, Joseph E., Quiles, Sylvia, Rawat, Prashant, Vallapureddy, Vineel
• Primary Examiner(s): Schaetzle, Kennedy
• Application Number:
  US13/072,922
• Publication Number:
  US 20110178577A1
• Time in Patent Office: 869 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 607/60
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0031 Implanted circuitry
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7203 for noise prevention, reduction or removal
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7221 Determining signal validity, reliability or quality A61B5/7207 and A61B5/7217 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/37223 Circuits for electromagnetic coupling
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/0608 Antenna selection according to transmission parameters
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/0814 based on current reception conditions, e.g. switching to different antenna when signal level is below threshold
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/24 Testing correct operation
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 128/903 Radio telemetry

Abstract

A far-field radio frequency (RF) telemetry system for communicating with an implantable medical device includes a diversity antenna system. Multi-frame messages each including multiple outgoing data frames are transmitted to the implantable medical device. In response, the implantable medical device transmits response data frames each following one or more of the outgoing data frames, according to a predetermined communication protocol. An antenna control circuit selects an antenna of the diversity antenna system for transmitting the outgoing data frames and/or receiving the response data frames based on the quality of signal reception associated with the response data frames.

Claims

1. A system, comprising:

an external transceiver;

a plurality of antennas coupled to the external transceiver and configured to wirelessly transfer information between an implantable medical device and the external transceiver using a frame-based protocol, the protocol including specified timing for receiving incoming data frames from the implantable medical device; and

an antenna control circuit configured to select an antenna of the plurality of antennas for use in wireless information transfer, the selecting using information about an assessed quality of frame-based wireless information transfer between the implantable medical device and the external transceiver,

wherein the antenna control circuit comprises a timer configured to time a duration during which a response frame is expected to be received by the external transceiver from the implantable medical device, the response frame transmitted from the implantable medical device in response to one or more outgoing frames transmitted to the implantable medical device from the external transceiver; and

wherein the antenna control circuit is configured to select a different antenna of the plurality of antennas in response to a failure to detect the response frame during the timed duration.

2. The system of claim 1, comprising an antenna interface circuit configured to connect an antenna of the plurality of antennas to the transceiver in response to an antenna selection signal provided by the antenna control circuit, the antenna control circuit configured to generate the antenna selection signal using the assessed quality of frame-based wireless information transfer between the implantable medical device and the external transceiver.

3. The system of claim 1, comprising an incoming signal monitoring circuit configured to determine information indicative of a received signal strength for an antenna included in the plurality of antennas;

and

wherein the antenna control circuit is configured to select an antenna of the plurality of antennas using the information indicative of the received signal strength.

4. The system of claim 3, wherein the incoming signal monitoring circuit is configured to weight the information indicative of the received signal strength using information about a time elapsed since a prior received signal strength determination.

5. The system of claim 1, comprising an incoming signal monitoring circuit configured to detect a data transmission error in a response frame from the implantable medical device, the signal monitoring circuit configured to use information about the data transmission error as an indication of the quality of frame-based wireless information transfer.

6. The system of claim 5, wherein the antenna control circuit is configured to select a different antenna of the plurality of antennas in response to a detection of the data transmission error in the response frame.

7. The system of claim 6, wherein the incoming signal monitoring circuit is configured to detect the data transmission error via comparing an expected Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) value to a CRC value included in the response frame.

8. The system of claim 5, wherein the antenna control circuit is configured to select a different antenna of the plurality of antennas in response to a detection of an incorrectly-received response frame.

9. The system of claim 1, comprising an external assembly including:

the external transceiver;

the plurality of antennas; and

the antenna control circuit; and

wherein the plurality of antennas include a diversity antenna configuration comprising at least two antennas mounted on or within the external assembly.

10. A system, comprising:

an external transceiver;

a plurality of antennas coupled to the external transceiver and configured to wirelessly transfer information between an implantable medical device and the external transceiver using a frame-based protocol, the protocol including specified timing for receiving incoming data frames from the implantable medical device;

an antenna control circuit configured to select an antenna of the plurality of antennas for use in wireless information transfer, the selecting using information about an assessed quality of frame-based wireless information transfer between the implantable medical device and the external transceiver; and

an incoming signal monitoring circuit configured to determine information indicative of a received signal strength for an antenna included in the plurality of antennas; and

wherein the antenna control circuit is configured to select an antenna of the plurality of antennas using the information indicative of the received signal strength,

wherein the antenna control circuit comprises a timer configured to time a duration during which a response frame is expected to be received by the external transceiver from the implantable medical device, the response frame transmitted from the implantable medical device in response to one or more outgoing frames transmitted to the implantable medical device from the external transceiver; and

wherein the antenna control circuit is configured to select a different antenna of the plurality of antennas in response to a failure to detect the response frame during the timed duration.

11. A method, comprising:

wirelessly transferring information between an implantable medical device and an external transceiver using a plurality of antennas coupled to the external transceiver, the wireless information transfer using a frame-based protocol including specified timing for receiving incoming data frames from the implantable medical device;

assessing a quality of frame-based wireless information transfer between the implantable medical device and the plurality of antennas; and

in response to the assessed quality, selecting an antenna of the plurality of antennas for use in wireless information transfer between the implantable medical device and the plurality of antennas,

timing a duration during which a response frame is expected to be received by the external transceiver from the implantable medical device, the response frame transmitted from the implantable medical device in response to one or more outgoing frames transmitted to the implantable medical device from the external transceiver; and

selecting a different antenna of the plurality of antennas in response to a failure to detect the response frame during the timed duration.

12. The method of claim 11, comprising connecting an antenna of the plurality of antennas to the transceiver in response to an assessed quality of frame-based wireless information transfer between the implantable medical device and the external transceiver.

13. The method of claim 11, comprising determining information indicative of a received signal strength for an antenna included in the plurality of antennas;

and

selecting an antenna of the plurality of antennas using the information indicative of the received signal strength.

14. The method of claim 13, comprising weighting the information indicative of the received signal strength using information about a time elapsed since a prior received signal strength determination.

15. The method of claim 11, wherein assessing the quality of frame-based wireless information transfer includes detecting a data transmission error in a response frame from the implantable medical device.

16. The method of claim 15, comprising selecting a different antenna of the plurality of antennas in response to a detection of the data transmission error in the response frame.

17. The method of claim 16, comprising detecting a data transmission error via comparing an expected Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) value to a CRC value included in the response frame.

18. The method of claim 15, comprising selecting a different antenna of the plurality of antennas in response to a detection of an incorrectly-received response frame.