Step-down hysteretic current LED driver implementing frequency regulation

• US 8,513,904 B2
• Filed: 11/17/2011
• Issued: 08/20/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 11/17/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Microchip Technology Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Micrel Incorporated (Microchip Technology Incorporated)
• Inventors: Weng, Matthew
• Primary Examiner(s): LE, DON P
• Application Number:
  US13/298,874
• Publication Number:
  US 20130127361A1
• Time in Patent Office: 642 Days
• Field of Search: 315/149, 315/158, 315/224, 315/291, 315/307
• US Class Current: 315/307
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 45/14 using electrical feedback from LEDs or from LED modules
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 45/3725 Switched mode power supply [SMPS]

Abstract

A step-down hysteretic current LED driver circuit implements frequency regulation to adjust the hysteresis levels of a hysteretic comparator in the control circuit of the LED driver to keep the switching frequency of the inductor current constant. More specifically, the switching frequency of the inductor current is kept constant by increasing or decreasing the hysteresis window of the hysteretic comparator. In this manner, the switching frequency of the LED driver is kept constant or predictable. In one embodiment, the control circuit of the LED driver includes a frequency regulator to monitor the switching frequency and adjusts the hysteresis window accordingly to maintain a constant switching frequency.

Claims

1. A light-emitting diode (LED) driver circuit configured to receive an input voltage and to supply a current to drive one or more LEDs, the LED driver circuit comprising:

a current sense device coupled between the input voltage and an anode terminal of the LED;

an inductor coupled between the cathode terminal of the LED and a first node;

a switch coupled between the first node and a ground potential, the switch being controlled by a control signal;

a freewheeling diode having an anode terminal connected to the first node and a cathode terminal connected to the input voltage; and

a control circuit comprising a hysteretic comparator configured to receive a sense signal from the current sense device indicative of the current through the LED and to generate the control signal for the switch, the hysteretic comparator comparing the sense signal to a high hysteresis level and a low hysteresis level, a difference between the high and low hysteresis levels defining a hysteresis window, the control circuit further comprising a frequency regulator configured to monitor the switching frequency of the control signal and to adjust the hysteresis window of the hysteretic comparator in a way to keep the switching frequency constant.

2. The LED driver circuit of claim 1, wherein the frequency regulator increases the hysteresis window to decrease the switching frequency and decreases the hysteresis window to increase the switching frequency.

3. The LED driver circuit of claim 1, wherein the switch comprises a MOSFET transistor.

4. The LED driver circuit of claim 1, wherein the frequency regulator comprises:

a clock divider configured to receive the control signal and to count N cycles of the control signal, the clock divider configured to generate a first output signal and a second output signal when N cycles of the control signal have elapsed;

a voltage charging circuit configured to charge a first voltage value for N cycles of the control signal, the voltage charging circuit resetting the first voltage value in response to the first output signal;

a comparator configured to compare the first voltage value to a reference voltage value and to generate a comparator output signal;

a digital logic circuit configured to receive the comparator output signal and to assess the comparator output signal in response to the second output signal, the digital logic circuit comprising a digital register storing a digital hysteresis window value, the digital logic circuit configured to increase the digital hysteresis window value when the first voltage value is less than the reference voltage value and to decrease the digital hysteresis window value when the first voltage value is greater than the reference voltage value; and

a digital-to-analog translator configured to convert the digital hysteresis window value to a value for the hysteresis window in the hysteretic comparator.

5. The LED driver circuit of claim 4, wherein the voltage charging circuit comprises:

a current source providing a constant current;

a first capacitor coupled between the current source and the ground potential, a top plate of the capacitor providing the first voltage value; and

a switch connected in parallel with the capacitor, the switch being controlled by a signal indicative of the first output signal,

wherein the switch is open to enable the first capacitor to be charged by the constant current of the current source and the switch is closed in response to the first output signal to short the first capacitor and to reset the first voltage value.

6. The LED driver circuit of claim 4, wherein the digital-to-analog translator comprises a control circuit for turning on or off a bank of current sources, the bank of current sources setting the value of the hysteresis window in the hysteretic comparator.

7. The LED driver circuit of claim 5, wherein the switch comprises a MOS transistor.

8. The LED driver circuit of claim 1, wherein the current sense device comprises a current sense resistor and the sense signal comprises a voltage across the current sense resistor indicative of the current through the LED.