Virtual parametric high side MOSFET driver

• US 8,520,410 B2
• Filed: 11/09/2010
• Issued: 08/27/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 11/09/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Flextronics America LLC (Flextronics International Limited)
• Original Assignee: Flextronics America LLC (Flextronics International Limited)
• Inventors: Telefus, Mark, Sharifipour, Bahman
• Primary Examiner(s): NGUYEN, MATTHEW VAN
• Application Number:
  US12/942,265
• Publication Number:
  US 20120113686A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,022 Days
• Field of Search: 363/16, 363/20, 363/21.02, 363/21.03, 363/55, 363/56.01, 363/95, 363/97, 363/131
• US Class Current: 363/21.02
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/01 Resonant DC/DC converters
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/33569 having several active switching elements H02M3/3353 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/10 Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Abstract

A power supply apparatus and method of regulating is provided. A converter circuit includes a primary switching element and an auxiliary switching element. The auxiliary switching element is for transferring a reflected voltage signal. A transformer includes a primary and a secondary, the primary is coupled with the converter circuit. The converter circuit comprises a primary and an auxiliary switch for selectively determining a resonant frequency. The auxiliary switch is enabled by a driver having an independent power source so as to allow as strong a driver as necessary to drive a large auxiliary switch.

Claims

1. A power converter comprising:

a. an output transformer;

b. a resonant tank circuit coupled to the output transformer, comprising;

i. a first energy storing element;

ii. a primary switch for selectively charging a first energy storing element;

iii. a second energy storing element in parallel with the first energy storing element; and

iv. an auxiliary switch for selectively coupling a third energy storing element with the first energy storing element;

c. a first power source coupled to the resonant tank circuit for providing power to the resonant tank circuit;

d. a comparator to detect a voltage across at least one of the energy storage elements;

e. a driver to drive the auxiliary switch based on the output state of the comparator; and

f. a second power source coupled to the driver for providing power to the tank circuit, wherein the second power source is independent from the first power source.

2. The power supply apparatus of claim 1 wherein the second power source comprises a rectifier coupled to a winding of a power transformer.

3. The power supply apparatus of claim 1 wherein the auxiliary switch and third energy storage element are integrally formed as one transistor.

4. The power supply apparatus of claim 1 wherein the first energy storing element comprises the primary winding of the output transformer.

5. The power supply apparatus of claim 1 wherein the first energy storing element comprises a discrete inductor.

6. The power supply apparatus of claim 1 wherein the first energy storing element comprises a capacitor.

7. The power supply apparatus of claim 1 wherein the second energy storing element comprises a capacitor.

8. The power supply apparatus of claim 1 wherein the primary switch comprises a MOSFET.

9. The power supply apparatus of claim 1 wherein the primary switch comprises an IGBT.

10. The power supply apparatus of claim 1 wherein the auxiliary switch comprises a MOSFET.

11. The power supply apparatus of claim 1 wherein the auxiliary switch comprises an IGBT.

12. The power supply apparatus of claim 1 wherein the comparator comprises:

a. a capacitor for receiving charge from at least one energy storage element; and

b. a pre-driver for selectively enabling the driver.

13. The power supply apparatus of claim 12 wherein the comparator further comprises

a. a first diode for directing current to the pre-driver;

b. a second diode for limiting a reverse current to the at least one energy storage element; and

c. a third diode for limiting a reverse current to the pre-driver.

14. The comparator of claim 12 wherein the pre-driver comprises a MOSFET.

15. The power supply apparatus of claim 1 wherein the driver comprises any among a Class A circuit, a Class AB circuit, a Class B circuit, a Class C circuit and a Class D circuit.

16. A power converter comprising:

a. an output transformer;

b. a first resonance capacitor coupled to the transformer to form a resonant circuit with a primary inductance of the output transformer;

c. a primary switch for selectively charging the first resonance capacitor;

d. a second resonance capacitor coupled to the output transformer;

e. an auxiliary switch to form a resonant circuit with the primary inductance of the transformer;

f. a comparator for determining an amount of charge on the first resonance capacitor; and

g. a driver for selectively enabling and disabling the auxiliary switch according to an output state of the comparator, wherein the driver receives an independent power supply.

17. The power converter of claim 16 wherein the comparator comprises:

a. a capacitor for receiving charge from the first resonant capacitor; and

b. a pre-driver for receiving charge from the capacitor and driving the driver.

18. The comparator of claim 16 further comprising:

a. a first diode for directing current to the pre driver from the capacitor;

b. a second diode for limiting a reverse current to the at least one energy storage element; and

c. a third diode for limiting a reverse current to the pre-driver.

19. The power converter of claim 16 wherein the first and second resonant capacitors comprise parasitic capacitors.

20. The power converter of claim 16 further comprising:

a. a switching cycle comprising;

i. a first resonant cycle, and

ii. a second resonant cycle, wherein energy in the first resonant capacitor is substantially transferred to the second resonance capacitor through the first and second resonant cycles.

21. The power converter of claim 20 wherein the first resonant cycle comprises a higher frequency than the second resonant cycle.

22. The power converter of claim 16 wherein the primary switch comprises a MOSFET.

23. The power converter of claim 16 wherein the primary switch comprises an IGBT.

24. The power converter of claim 16 wherein the auxiliary switch comprises a MOSFET.

25. The power converter of claim 16 wherein the auxiliary switch comprises an IGBT.

26. A power converter comprising:

a. a transformer;

b. a primary switch;

c. a first resonance capacitor coupled to the transformer to form a resonant circuit with a primary inductance of the transformer;

d. a second resonance capacitor coupled to the transformer through an auxiliary switch to form a resonant circuit with the primary inductance of said transformer;

e. a driver that drives the auxiliary switch; and

f. a comparator, wherein the comparator selectively enables the driver according to a switching cycle.

27. The power converter of claim 26 wherein the switching cycle comprises:

a. a first resonant cycle, and

b. a second resonant cycle, wherein energy in the first resonant capacitor is substantially transferred to the second resonance capacitor through the first and second resonant cycles.

28. The power converter of claim 26 wherein the comparator comprises:

a. a capacitor for receiving charge from the first resonant capacitor; and

b. a pre-driver for receiving charge from the capacitor and driving the driver.

29. The comparator of claim 28 further comprising:

a. a first diode for directing current to the pre driver from the capacitor;

b. a second diode for limiting a reverse current to the at least one energy storage element; and

c. a third diode for limiting a reverse current to the pre-driver.

30. The power converter of claim 26 wherein the primary switch comprises a MOSFET.

31. The power converter of claim 26 wherein the primary switch comprises an IGBT.

32. The power converter of claim 26 wherein the auxiliary switch comprises a MOSFET.

33. The power converter of claim 26 wherein the auxiliary switch comprises an IGBT.