Inferring server state in a stateless communication protocol

• US 8,521,909 B2
• Filed: 09/22/2011
• Issued: 08/27/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 06/25/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Citrix Systems, Inc. (Cloud Software Group)
• Original Assignee: Citrix Systems, Inc. (Cloud Software Group)
• Inventors: Chauhan, Abhishek
• Primary Examiner(s): SALAD, ABDULLAHI ELMI
• Application Number:
  US13/240,998
• Publication Number:
  US 20120017010A1
• Time in Patent Office: 705 Days
• Field of Search: 709246-247, 709/203, 709/230
• US Class Current: 709/247
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/02 based on web technology, e.g. hypertext transfer protocol [HTTP]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/14 Session management for real-time applications in data packet communications networks H04L65/1066
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/142 Managing session states for stateless protocols; Signalling session states; State transitions; Keeping-state mechanisms

Abstract

Server state objects are identified by an intermediate server among packets transmitted between an application server and a client device on a network based upon a stateless communication protocol, by monitoring and analyzing the packets transmitted between the application server and the client device. The packets are parsed into a plurality of name-value pairs. The entropy of the name-value pairs having a same name field is computed, and candidate data objects that are likely to be server state objects are selected based upon the computed entropy. Candidate data objects that were transmitted bi-directionally between the application server and the client device are identified as server state objects.

Claims

1. A method for identifying server state objects among packets transmitted between a server and a client on a network based upon a communication protocol, the method comprising:

computing, by a device intermediary to a client and a server, entropy measures for a plurality of data objects in packets transmitted between the client and the server, based on a size of the data objects after compression, for comparison against a threshold, the threshold predetermined based on a communication protocol for transmitting the packets; and

identifying, by the device, at least one of the data objects as a server state object in response to the at least one data object (i) being transmitted bi-directionally between the server and the client and (ii) having a computed entropy measure higher than the threshold.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein each data object comprises a value field corresponding to a name field.

3. The method of claim 1, further comprising compressing the data objects.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein compressing the data objects comprises compressing the data objects using an entropy-based compression algorithm.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of data packets are transmitted using a communications protocol comprising one of:

Extensible Markup Language (XML), Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) and Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP).

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one data object is determined to have been transmitted bi-directionally between the server and the client by:

dividing related packets into a first group of packets that were transmitted from the server to the client and a second group of packets that were transmitted from the client to the server; and

determining whether the at least one data object is included in both the first group of packets and the second group of packets.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the related packets are packets that correspond to a related message under a communication protocol.

8. A method for identifying server state objects among packets transmitted between a server and a client on a network based upon a communication protocol, the method comprising:

parsing, by a device intermediary to a client and a server, packets transmitted between the client and the server into a plurality of data objects;

computing, by the device, the entropies of the data objects based on a size of the data objects after compression, for comparison against a threshold, the threshold predetermined based on a communication protocol for transmitting the packets; and

determining that at least one of the data objects is a server state object in response to determining that the at least one data objects (i) was sent bi-directionally between the server and the client and (ii) has a computed entropy measure higher than the threshold.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein each data objects comprises a value field and a name field.

10. The method of claim 8, wherein the plurality of packets are transmitted using a communications protocol comprising one of:

Extensible Markup Language (XML), Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) and Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP).

11. The method of claim 8, further comprising compressing the data objects with an entropy-based compression algorithm.

12. The method of claim 8, wherein the data packets are transmitted using a stateless communications protocol.

13. The method of claim 8, wherein determining whether the data objects were sent bi-directionally between the server and the client comprises:

dividing related packets into a first group of packets that were transmitted from the server to the client and a second group of packets that were transmitted from the client to the server; and

determining whether the data objects are included in both the first group of packets and the second group of packets.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the related packets are packets that correspond to a related message under a communication protocol.

15. A system for identifying server state objects among packets transmitted between a server and a client on a network based upon a communication protocol, the system comprising:

a device intermediary to a server and a client;

a parsing module of the device parsing packets transmitted between the server and the client into a plurality of data objects; and

an analysis module of the device receiving the data objects and determining whether the name-value pairs are server state objects by;

computing entropy measures of the data objects based on a size of the data objects after compression, for comparison against a threshold, the threshold predetermined based on a communication protocol for transmitting the packets; and

identifying at least one of the data objects as a server state object in response to the at least one data object (i) being transmitted bi-directionally between the server and the client and (ii) having a computed entropy measure higher than the threshold.

16. The system of claim 15, wherein the parsing module operates as a firewall filtering the packets transmitted between the server and the client in accordance with rules provided by the analysis module.

17. The system of claim 15, wherein the parsing module collects data regarding the packets transmitted between the server and the client in accordance with data collection parameters provided by the analysis module.

18. The system of claim 15, wherein the analysis module processes the data objects to determine whether the data objects are server state objects in real time as the data objects are received from the parsing module.

19. The system of claim 15, further comprising a storage module coupled to the analysis module, the analysis module storing the received data objects in the storage module and processing the stored data objects in batches to determine whether the data objects are server state objects.

20. The system of claim 15, wherein each data object comprises a value field corresponding to a name field.