Centrifugal pump

• US 8,523,539 B2
• Filed: 06/12/2009
• Issued: 09/03/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 06/19/2008
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Board of Regents of the University of Texas System (University of Texas System)
• Original Assignee: Board of Regents of the University of Texas System (University of Texas System)
• Inventors: Gill, Brijesh, Cox, Charles S. Jr., Aroom, Kevin R.
• Primary Examiner(s): BERTHEAUD, PETER JOHN
• Application Number:
  US12/483,287
• Publication Number:
  US 20090317271A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,544 Days
• Field of Search: 417/420, 417/423.7, 417/423.12, 415/90, 384/276, 384/280, 384/295
• US Class Current: 417/423.12
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/148 in line with a blood vessel using resection or like techniques, e.g. permanent endovascular heart assist devices
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/178 drawing blood from a ventricle and returning the blood to the arterial system via a cannula external to the ventricle, e.g. left or right ventricular assist devices
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/232 Centrifugal pumps
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/419 the force acting on the blood contacting member being permanent magnetic, e.g. from a rotating magnetic coupling between driving and driven magnets
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/422 the force acting on the blood contacting member being electromagnetic, e.g. using canned motor pumps
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/818 Bearings
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/824 Hydrodynamic or fluid film bearings
• CPC Class Codes: F04D 29/048 magnetic; electromagnetic
• CPC Class Codes: F04D 5/001 Shear force pumps

Abstract

The invention is directed to a multi-disk centrifugal pump suitable for pumping fluids, including biocompatible fluids, such as blood. The design of the pump components is optimized to reduce or eliminate the probability of clotting and hemolysis when pumping blood, and to be energy efficient and resistant to physical shock for portable applications.

Claims

1. A centrifugal pump comprising:

a. a pump housing bottom comprising a top surface;

b. a post located in the center of the top surface of the pump housing bottom and protruding outward to define a longitudinal axis;

c. a first sleeve-shaped sheath mounted circumferentially about the post;

d. a second sleeve-shaped sheath mounted circumferentially about the post and over the first sheath;

e. a pump housing top mounted on the pump housing bottom, wherein said pump housing top and bottom collectively form the pump housing, and comprising an inlet conduit centrally located in the pump housing;

f. an outlet conduit located in an outer radial region of the pump housing;

g. a monolithic, rotatably mounted and bladeless pump rotor rotatable with the second sheath and comprising a central channel positioned such that the first sheath resides within the central channel, a plurality of stacked disks each extending radially outward from the central channel, and a frustoconical portion intermediate the stacked disks and the inlet conduit of the pump housing, the frustoconical portion having a base diameter proximal the stacked disks and an inlet diameter proximal to the inlet conduit;

h. a first set of magnets, comprising an even number of magnets, embedded in the bottom of the rotor; and

i. a second set of magnets comprising the same number of magnets as the first set of magnets mounted outside the pump housing;

wherein the second sheath extends substantially the length of the central channel of the pump rotor to prevent the central channel of the pump rotor from contacting the first sheath mounted about the post;

wherein the frustoconical portion of the rotatably mounted pump rotor is aligned with the inlet conduit; and

wherein the frustoconical portion of the rotatably mounted pump rotor diverts a fluid entering the pump housing from the inlet conduit radially outwardly onto the stacked disks of the rotatably mounted pump rotor to substantially decrease a magnitude of acceleration imparted to the fluid by the stacked disks.

2. The centrifugal pump of claim 1, wherein the post is integrally formed with the pump housing bottom.

3. The centrifugal pump of claim 1, wherein the pump housing bottom is made from a biocompatible material.

4. The centrifugal pump of claim 1, wherein the first sheath is made from a fluorocarbon polymer.

5. The centrifugal pump of claim 1, wherein the second sheath is made from stainless steel.

6. The centrifugal pump of claim 1, wherein the inlet conduit is oriented in substantial alignment with the longitudinal axis.

7. The centrifugal pump of claim 1, wherein the inlet conduit is centered over the post.

8. The centrifugal pump of claim 1, wherein the orientation of the inlet conduit is substantially perpendicular to the orientation of the outlet conduit.

9. The centrifugal pump of claim 1, wherein the inlet conduit and the outlet conduit are integrally formed in the pump housing top.

10. The centrifugal pump of claim 1, wherein the rotor is a monolithic and unitary structure made from a polycarbonate material.

11. The centrifugal pump of claim 1, wherein a spacing between two adjacent ones of the plurality of disks is at least 0.02 inches.

12. The centrifugal pump of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of disks has a thickness of at least 0.03 inches.

13. The centrifugal pump of claim 1, wherein the rotor comprises at least two washout fins disposed on the rotor at a position generally opposite the stacked disks from the frustoconical portion.

14. The centrifugal pump of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of washout fins mounted on a bottom of the rotor proximal to the pump housing bottom.

15. A centrifugal pump comprising:

a. a pump housing bottom comprising a top surface;

b. a post located in the center of the top surface of the pump housing bottom and protruding outward to define a longitudinal axis;

c. a first sleeve-shaped sheath mounted circumferentially about the post;

d. a second sleeve-shaped sheath mounted circumferentially about the post and over the first sheath;

e. a pump housing top mounted on the pump housing bottom, wherein said pump housing top and bottom collectively form the pump housing, and comprising an inlet conduit centrally located in the pump housing;

f. an outlet conduit located in an outer radial region of the pump housing;

g. a monolithic, rotatably mounted and bladeless pump rotor rotatable with the second sheath and comprising a central channel positioned such that the first sheath resides within the central channel and a plurality of stacked disks each extending radially outward from the central channel, and each stacked disk having an internal diameter and an external diameter such that the internal diameter is larger than a diameter of the inlet conduit and also at least 40% of the external diameter;

h. a first set of magnets, comprising an even number of magnets, embedded in the bottom of the rotor; and

i. a second set of magnets comprising the same number of magnets as the first set of magnets mounted outside the pump housing

wherein the second sheath extends substantially the length of the central channel of the pump rotor to prevent the central channel of the pump rotor from contacting the first sheath mounted about the post.