System and method performing Quadrature Amplitude Modulation by combining co-sets and strongly coded co-set identifiers

• US 8,526,547 B2
• Filed: 09/14/2012
• Issued: 09/03/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 08/23/2001
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Original Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Inventors: Tong, Wen, Khandani, Amir
• Primary Examiner(s): Vo, Don N
• Application Number:
  US13/618,161
• Publication Number:
  US 20130010904A1
• Time in Patent Office: 354 Days
• Field of Search: 375/261, 375/262, 375/341
• US Class Current: 375/341
• CPC Class Codes: H03M 13/258 with turbo codes, e.g. Turbo Trellis Coded Modulation [TTCM]
• CPC Class Codes: H03M 13/2957 Turbo codes and decoding
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/004 by using forward error control H04L1/0618 takes precedence; coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or correction H03M13/00
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/0058 Block-coded modulation
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/0059 Convolutional codes
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/0061 Error detection codes
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/0066 Parallel concatenated codes
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/0071 Use of interleaving interleaving per se H03M13/27
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/03866 using scrambling
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/2614 Peak power aspects
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/2615 Reduction thereof using coding
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/3411 reducing the peak to average power ratio or the mean power of the constellation; Arrangements for increasing the shape gain of a signal set
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/3433 using an underlying square constellation

Abstract

A method of encoding a stream of data elements is provided which involves splitting the stream of data elements into a first stream and a second stream; encoding the first stream to produce a first encoded stream; performing a constellation mapping using a combination of the first encoded stream and a third stream which is based on the second stream. This may involve defining a signal constellation; defining a plurality of co-sets within the constellation such that a minimum distance between constellation points within each co-set is larger than a minimum distance between any constellation points within the signal constellation; performing said constellation mapping by using the first encoded stream to identify a sequence of co-sets of said plurality of co-sets, and by using the third stream to identify a sequence of constellation points within respective co-sets of the sequence of co-sets identified by said first encoded stream.

Claims

1. A method of decoding a stream of data elements comprising:

receiving a first signal;

performing constellation de-mapping for a first subset of the first signal;

decoding the first subset of the first signal to produce a decoded first subset of the first signal;

determining a set of points for constellation de-mapping for a second subset of the first signal based on the decoded first subset of the first signal;

performing constellation de-mapping for the second subset of the first signal using the set of points;

recovering a bit stream from the first signal based on said performing constellation de-mapping for the first subset of the first signal and based on said performing constellation de-mapping for the second subset of the first signal.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein said decoding the first subset of the first signal comprises performing turbo decoding of the first subset of the first signal.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein said determining the set of points for constellation de-mapping comprises performing turbo encoding of the decoded first subset of the first signal.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the first subset of the first signal comprises the least significant bits of the first signal.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the second subset of the first signal comprises the most significant bits of the first signal.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein said receiving the first signal is performed over a band-limited AWGN channel.

7. A receiver, comprising:

reception circuitry configured to receive a first signal;

a first constellation de-mapper, configured to perform constellation de-mapping for a first subset of the first signal;

a decoder, configured to decode the first subset of the first signal to produce a decoded first subset of the first signal;

a first element, configured to determine a set of points for constellation de-mapping for a second subset of the first signal based on the decoded first subset of the first signal;

a second constellation de-mapper, configured to perform constellation de-mapping for the second subset of the first signal using the set of points;

a second element, configured to recover a bit stream from the first signal based on said performing constellation de-mapping for the first subset of the first signal and based on said performing constellation de-mapping for the second subset of the first signal.

8. The receiver of claim 7, wherein said decoding the first subset of the first signal comprises performing turbo decoding of the first subset of the first signal.

9. The receiver of claim 7, wherein said determining the set of points for constellation de-mapping comprises performing turbo encoding of the decoded first subset of the first signal.

10. The receiver of claim 7, wherein the first subset of the first signal comprises the least significant bits of the first signal.

11. The receiver of claim 7, wherein the second subset of the first signal comprises the most significant bits of the first signal.

12. The receiver of claim 7, wherein the first element comprises an encoder and a co-set selector, wherein the encoder is configured to encode the decoded first subset of the first signal to produce an encoded decoded first subset of the first signal, wherein the co-set selector is configured to determine the set of points for constellation de-mapping for the second subset of the first signal using the encoded decoded first subset of the first signal.

13. The receiver of claim 7, wherein the second element comprises a decision element to determine bits from the second subset of the first signal and a bit multiplexer configured to receive the output of the decision element and the decoder to recover the bit stream from the first signal.

14. A non-transitory, computer accessible memory medium storing program instructions for decoding a stream of data elements, wherein the program instructions are executable to:

receive a first signal;

perform constellation de-mapping for a first subset of the first signal;

decode the first subset of the first signal to produce a decoded first subset of the first signal;

determine a set of points for constellation de-mapping for a second subset of the first signal based on the decoded first subset of the first signal;

perform constellation de-mapping for the second subset of the first signal using the set of points;

recover a bit stream from the first signal based on said performing constellation de-mapping for the first subset of the first signal and based on said performing constellation de-mapping for the second subset of the first signal.

15. The non-transitory, computer accessible memory medium of claim 14, wherein said decoding the first subset of the first signal comprises performing turbo decoding of the first subset of the first signal.

16. The non-transitory, computer accessible memory medium of claim 14, wherein said determining the set of points for constellation de-mapping comprises performing turbo encoding of the decoded first subset of the first signal.

17. The non-transitory, computer accessible memory medium of claim 14, wherein the first subset of the first signal comprises the least significant bits of the first signal.

18. The non-transitory, computer accessible memory medium of claim 14, wherein the second subset of the first signal comprises the most significant bits of the first signal.

19. The non-transitory, computer accessible memory medium of claim 14, wherein said receiving the first signal is performed over a band-limited AWGN channel.