Stable emissive toner composition system and method

• US 8,535,865 B2
• Filed: 08/20/2008
• Issued: 09/17/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 08/21/2007
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Angstrom Technologies, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Angstrom Technologies, Inc.
• Inventors: Coyle, William, Stramondo, Anthony
• Primary Examiner(s): Huff, Mark F
• Assistant Examiner(s): ALAM, RASHID A
• Application Number:
  US12/194,939
• Publication Number:
  US 20090059252A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,854 Days
• Field of Search: 4301081-11141
• US Class Current: 430/108.2
• CPC Class Codes: G03G 9/0821 characterised by physical parameters magnetic parameters G03G9/083
• CPC Class Codes: G03G 9/08704 Polyalkenes
• CPC Class Codes: G03G 9/08711 with esters of acrylic or methacrylic acid
• CPC Class Codes: G03G 9/0926 characterised by physical or chemical properties
• CPC Class Codes: G03G 9/0928 Compounds capable to generate colouring agents by chemical reaction
• CPC Class Codes: G03G 9/09733 Organic compounds G03G9/08782 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G03G 9/16 Developers not provided for in groups G03G9/06 - G03G9/135, e.g. solutions, aerosols

Abstract

An emissive toner composition for producing an emissive image component of an image indicia on a substrate. The emissive toner composition includes a photoluminescent agent, a charge control agent, and one or more additives, each selected and present in an amount such that when the toner composition is printed to produce an image component on a substrate, the toner composition has stable spectral characteristics. In one embodiment, the emission spectra of the image component printed on the substrate, for irradiation with an excitation energy includes only dominant emission peaks corresponding to one or more emission peaks of the photoluminescent agent. In another embodiment, the image component has a photoluminescent toner stability factor of about greater than or equal to 25.

Claims

1. An emissive toner composition for producing an emissive image component of an image indicia on a substrate, the composition comprising:

a photoluminescent agent that emits light having one or more emission peaks in a first emission spectral region, each of said one or more emission peaks centered at a corresponding emission wavelength, when irradiated with a first excitation energy;

a charge control agent; and

one or more additives,

said photoluminescent agent, charge control agent, and one or more additives being selected and present in an amount in the toner composition such that when the toner composition is printed to produce an image component on a substrate, the emission spectra of the image component for irradiation with said first excitation energy includes only dominant emission peaks in said first emission spectral region corresponding to said one or more emission peaks of said photoluminescent agent, wherein when the toner composition is printed to produce an image component on a substrate, the image component has a photoluminescent toner stability factor of about greater than or equal to 25, wherein the photoluminescent toner stability factor is calculated according to the following equation;

PTSF=((1−

ALF-XE)×

ALF-QUV/CP)×

100,

where PTSF is the photoluminescent toner stability factor, ALF-XE is the average loss in photoluminescence of said image component from day 3 to day 7 of a seven day xenon arc exposure at 0.35 W/m² at 340 nm with said image component distanced from said xenon arc exposure at 10 inches and a temperature of 50 degrees Celsius, ALF-QUV is the average loss in photoluminescence of said image component from day 3 to day 7 of submission of said image component to QUV exposure conditions, and CP is a number of dominant emission peaks in a desired spectral region of an emission spectra for the image component when irradiated with said first excitation energy prior to said xenon-arc exposure and said QUV exposure.

2. A toner composition according to claim 1, wherein said first emission spectral region is a spectral region selected from the group consisting of a visible spectral region, an infrared spectral region, an ultraviolet spectral region, and any combinations thereof.

3. A toner composition according to claim 1, wherein said first emission spectral region is the visible spectral region.

4. A toner composition according to claim 1, wherein said first emission spectral region is the ultraviolet spectral region.

5. A toner composition according to claim 1, wherein said first emission spectral region is the infrared spectral region.

6. A toner composition according to claim 1, wherein said one or more emission peaks include only a single dominant emission peak.

7. A toner composition according to claim 1, wherein said photoluminescent agent does not emit light in the visible spectrum when irradiated with visible light.

8. A toner composition according to claim 1, wherein said photoluminescent agent, charge control agent, and one or more additives are selected and present in an amount in the toner composition such that when the toner composition is printed to produce an image component on a substrate, the image component is reflectively visible.

9. A toner composition according to claim 1, wherein said photoluminescent agent, charge control agent, and one or more additives are selected and present in an amount in the toner composition such that when the toner composition is printed to produce an image component on a substrate, the image component is reflectively invisible.

10. A toner composition according to claim 9, wherein said photoluminescent agent includes a benzoxazole.

11. A toner composition according to claim 9, wherein said photoluminescent agent includes a benzothiazole.

12. A toner composition according to claim 1, wherein said charge control agent does not emit light in the visible spectrum when irradiated with visible light.

13. A toner composition according to claim 1, wherein said charge control agent is present in a charge control effective amount and said charge control agent in said charge control effective amount is reflectively invisible.

14. A toner composition according to claim 1, wherein said charge control agent includes a charge control agent selected from the group consisting of:

a calixerene compound that does not emit light in the visible spectrum when irradiated with visible light and does not emit light in the first emission spectral region when irradiated with said first excitation energy;

a modified layered silicate that does not emit light in the visible spectrum when irradiated with visible light and does not emit light in the first emission spectral region when irradiated with said first excitation energy;

a hydrophobically modified metal oxide that does not emit light in the visible spectrum when irradiated with visible light and does not emit light in the first emission spectral region when irradiated with said first excitation energy.

15. A toner composition according to claim 1, wherein said charge control agent includes a calixerene compound that does not emit light in the visible spectrum when irradiated with visible light and does not emit light in the visible spectrum when irradiated with said first excitation energy.

16. A toner composition according to claim 1, wherein said one or more additives includes a polystyrene butyl acrylate binder.

17. A toner composition according to claim 1, wherein when the toner composition is printed to produce an image component on a substrate, the image component has a photoluminescent toner stability factor of about greater than or equal to 35, wherein the photoluminescent toner stability factor is calculated according to the following equation:

PTSF=((1−

ALF-XE)×

ALF-QUV/CP)×

100,

where PTSF is the photoluminescent toner stability factor, ALF-XE is the average loss in photoluminescence of said image component from day 3 to day 7 of a seven day xenon arc exposure at 0.35 W/m² at 340 nm with said image component distanced from said xenon arc exposure at 10 inches and a temperature of 50 degrees Celsius. ALF-QUV is the average loss in photoluminescence of said image component from day 3 to day 7 of submission of said image component to QUV exposure conditions, and CP is a number of dominant emission peaks in a desired spectral region of an emission spectra for the image component when irradiated with said first excitation energy prior to said xenon-arc exposure and said QUV exposure.

18. A toner composition according to claim 1, wherein when the toner composition is printed to produce an image component on a substrate, the image component has a photoluminescent toner stability factor of about greater than or equal to 40, wherein the photoluminescent toner stability factor is calculated according to the following equation:

PTSF=((1−

ALF-XE)×

ALF-QUV/CP)×

100,

where PTSF is the photoluminescent toner stability factor, ALF-XE is the average loss in photoluminescence of said image component from day 3 to day 7 of a seven day xenon-arc exposure at 0.35 W/m² at 340 nm with said image component distanced from said xenon arc exposure at 10 inches and a temperature of 50 degrees Celsius. ALF-QUV is the average loss in photoluminescence of said image component from day 3 to day 7 of submission of said image component to QUV exposure conditions, and CP is a number of dominant emission peaks in a desired spectral region of an emission spectra for the image component when irradiated with said first excitation energy prior to said xenon-arc exposure and said QUV exposure.

19. A toner composition according to claim 1, wherein when the toner composition is printed to produce an image component on a substrate, the image component has a photoluminescent toner stability factor of about greater than or equal to 48, wherein the photoluminescent toner stability factor is calculated according to the following equation:

PTSF=((1−

ALF-XE)×

ALF-QUV/CP)×

100,

where PTSF is the photoluminescent toner stability factor, ALF-XE is the average loss in photoluminescence of said image component from day 3 to day 7 of a seven day xenon-arc exposure at 0.35 W/m² at 340 nm with said image component distanced from said xenon arc exposure at 10 inches and a temperature of 50 degrees Celsius. ALF-QUV is the average loss in photoluminescence of said image component from day 3 to day 7 of submission of said image component to QUV exposure conditions, and CP is a number of dominant emission peaks in a desired spectral region of an emission spectra for the image component when irradiated with said first excitation energy prior to said xenon-arc exposure and said QUV exposure.

20. An emissive toner composition for producing an emissive image component of an image indicia on a substrate, the composition comprising:

a photoluminescent agent comprising a benzothiazole and/or a benzoxazole, the photoluminescent agent emitting light having one or more dominant emission peaks in a first emission spectral region, each of said one or more dominant emission peaks centered at a corresponding emission wavelength, when irradiated with a first excitation energy;

a charge control agent; and

one or more additives,

said photoluminescent agent, charge control agent, and one or more additives being selected and present in an amount in the toner composition such that when the toner composition is printed to produce an image component on a substrate, the emission spectra of the image component for irradiation with said first excitation energy includes only dominant emission peaks in said first emission spectral region corresponding to said one or more dominant emission peaks of said photoluminescent agent, wherein when the toner composition is printed to produce an image component on a substrate, the image component has a photoluminescent toner stability factor of about greater than or equal to 25, wherein the photoluminescent toner stability factor is calculated according to the following equation;

PTSF=((1−

ALF-XE)×

ALF-QUV/CP)×

100,

where PTSF is the photoluminescent toner stability factor, ALF-XE is the average loss in photoluminescence of said image component from day 3 to day 7 of a seven day xenon-arc exposure at 0.35 W/m² at 340 nm with said image component distanced from said xenon arc exposure at and a temperature of 50 degrees Celsius. ALF-QUV is the average loss in photoluminescence of said image component from day 3 to day 7 of submission of said image component to QUV exposure conditions, and CP is a number of dominant emission peaks in a desired spectral region of an emission spectra for the image component when irradiated with said first excitation energy prior to said xenon-arc exposure and said QUV exposure.

25. A toner composition according to claim 20, wherein said one or more emission peaks include only a single dominant emission peak.

26. A toner composition according to claim 20, wherein said photoluminescent agent does not emit light in the visible spectrum when irradiated with visible light.

27. A toner composition according to claim 20, wherein said photoluminescent agent, charge control agent, and one or more additives are selected present in an amount in the toner composition such that when the toner composition is printed to produce an image component on a substrate, the image component is reflectively visible.

28. A toner composition according to claim 20, wherein said photoluminescent agent, charge control agent, and one or more additives are selected and present in an amount in the toner composition such that when the toner composition is printed to produce and image component on a substrate, the image component is reflectively invisible.

29. A toner composition according to claim 20, wherein said charge control agent does not emit light in the visible spectrum when irradiated with visible light.

30. A toner composition according to claim 20, wherein said charge control agent is present in a charge control effective amount and said charge control agent in said charge control effective amount is reflectively invisible.

31. A toner composition according to claim 20, wherein said charge control agent includes a calixerene compound that does not emit light in the visible spectrum when irradiated with visible light and does not emit light in the visible spectrum when irradiated with said first excitation energy.

37. A toner composition according to claim 25, wherein said photoluminescent agent includes a benzothiazole.

21. An emissive toner composition for producing an emissive image component of an image indicia on a substrate, the composition comprising:

a photoluminescent agent that emits light having one or more emission peaks in a first emission spectral region, each of said one or more emission peaks centered at a corresponding emission wavelength, when irradiated with a first excitation energy;

a charge control agent; and

one or more additives,

said photoluminescent agent, charge control agent, and one or more additives being selected and present in an amount in the toner composition such that when the toner composition is printed to produce an image component on a substrate, the image component has a photoluminescent toner stability factor of about greater than or equal to 25, wherein the photoluminescent toner stability factor is calculated according to the following equation;

PTSF=((1−

ALF-XE)×

ALF-QUV/CP)×

100,

where PTSF is the photoluminescent toner stability factor, ALF-XE is the average loss in photoluminescence of said image component from day 3 to day 7 of a seven day xenon-arc exposure at 0.35 W/m² at 340 nm with said image component distanced from said xenon arc exposure at 10 inches and a temperature of 50 degrees Celsius ALF-QUV is the average loss in photoluminescence of said image component from day 3 to day 7 of submission of said image component to QUV exposure conditions, and CP is a number of dominant emission peaks in a desired spectral region of an emission spectra for the image component when irradiated with said first excitation energy prior to said xenon-arc exposure and said QUV exposure.

22. A toner composition according to claim 21, wherein when the toner composition is printed to produce an image component on a substrate, the image component has a photoluminescent toner stability factor of about greater than or equal to 35.

23. A toner composition according to claim 21, wherein when the toner composition is printed to produce an image component on a substrate, the image component has a photoluminescent toner stability factor of about greater than or equal to 40.

24. A toner composition according to claim 21, wherein when the toner composition is printed to produce an image component on a substrate, the image component has a photoluminescent toner stability factor of about greater than or equal to 48.

32. A toner composition according to claim 21, wherein said one or more emission peaks include only a single dominant emission peak.

33. A toner composition according to claim 21, wherein said photoluminescent agent does not emit light in the visible spectrum when irradiated with visible light.

34. A toner composition according to claim 21, wherein said photoluminescent agent, charge control agent, and one or more additives are selected and present in an amount in the toner composition such that when the toner composition is printed to produce an image component on a substrate, the image component is reflectively visible.

35. A toner composition according to claim 21, wherein said photoluminescent agent, charge control agent, and one or more additives are selected and present in an amount in the toner composition such that when the toner composition is printed to produce an image component on a substrate, the image component is reflectively invisible.

36. A toner composition according to claim 35, wherein said photoluminescent agent includes a benzoxazole.

38. A toner composition according to claim 21, wherein said charge control agent does not emit light in the visible spectrum when irradiated with visible light.

39. A toner composition according to claim 21, wherein said charge control agent is present in a charge control effective amount and said charge control agent in said charge control effective amount is reflectively invisible.

40. A toner composition according to claim 21, wherein said charge control agent includes a calixerene compound that does not emit light in the visible spectrum when irradiated with visible light and does not emit light in the visible spectrum when irradiated with said first excitation energy.