Inductive charging system for an electric vehicle

• US 8,536,830 B2
• Filed: 03/30/2011
• Issued: 09/17/2013
• Est. Priority Date: 03/30/2011
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: GM Global Technology Operations LLC (General Motors Company)
• Original Assignee: GM Global Technology Operations LLC (General Motors Company)
• Inventors: Holmes, Alan G., Tate, Edward D. Jr.
• Primary Examiner(s): DIAO, M BAYE
• Application Number:
  US13/075,276
• Publication Number:
  US 20120249063A1
• Time in Patent Office: 902 Days
• Field of Search: 320/108, 320/104, 320/109
• US Class Current: 320/108
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/126 Methods for pairing a vehicle and a charging station, e.g. establishing a one-to-one relation between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/39 with position-responsive activation of primary coils
• CPC Class Codes: H01F 38/14 Inductive couplings for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling H02J50/10
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/48 for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/10 using inductive coupling
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/402 the two or more transmitting or the two or more receiving devices being integrated in the same unit, e.g. power mats with several coils or antennas with several sub-antennas
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/90 involving detection or optimisation of position, e.g. alignment
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 Plug-in electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/16 Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles

Abstract

An electric vehicle includes a charging receiver unit. The charging receiver unit includes a plurality of core members, a plurality of biasing devices, and a receiver wire. The plurality of core members are disposed in spaced relationship to one another. Each of the plurality of core members is configured for alignment with a plurality of magnetic elements. The plurality of biasing devices longitudinally bias a respective one of the plurality of core members toward a respective one of the plurality of magnetic elements such that magnetic flux is transmitted between each of the plurality of magnetic elements and the respective one of the plurality of core members. The receiver wire is disposed in electrical communication with each of the plurality of core members. Magnetic flux in the plurality of core members induces electrical current in the receiver wire.

Claims

1. An electric vehicle comprising a charging receiver unit, wherein the charging receiver unit includes:

a plurality of core members disposed in spaced relationship to one another, wherein each of the plurality of core members is configured for alignment with at least one magnetic element;

a plurality of biasing devices, wherein each of the plurality of biasing devices longitudinally biases a respective one of the plurality of core members toward said at least one magnetic element such that magnetic flux is transmitted between each of the plurality of magnetic elements and the respective one of the plurality of core members; and

a receiver wire disposed in electrical communication with each of the plurality of core members, wherein magnetic flux through the plurality of core members induces electrical current in the receiver wire.

2. An electric vehicle, as set forth in claim 1, wherein the electric vehicle further comprises an energy storage device in electrical communication with the receiver wire, wherein the receiver wire transmits the electrical current to the energy storage device.

3. An electric vehicle, as set forth in claim 1, wherein the charging receiver unit further includes a housing defining a plurality of bores, wherein each of the plurality of bores extends to a respective ceiling;

wherein each of the plurality of core members is movably disposed in a respective one of the plurality of bores; and

wherein each of the plurality of biasing devices is disposed between the respective one of the plurality of core members and the corresponding ceiling such that each of the plurality of biasing devices reacts between the respective one of the plurality of bores and the respective ceiling to bias each of the respective one of the plurality of core members longitudinally away from the respective ceiling and toward said at least one magnetic element such that magnetic flux is transmitted between said at least one magnetic element and the respective one of the plurality of core members.

4. An electric vehicle, as set forth in claim 3, wherein the charging receiver unit is movable longitudinally away from the vehicle and toward said at least one magnetic element.

5. An electric vehicle, as set forth in claim 4, further comprising an actuator operatively connected to the charging receiver unit and configured for moving the charging receiver unit longitudinally between an extended position and a retracted position;

wherein the extended position is away from the vehicle, in a direction toward said at least one magnetic element, and the retracted position, in a direction opposite said at least one magnetic element.

6. An electric vehicle, as set forth in claim 1, wherein the plurality of core members are arranged in an array.

7. An electric vehicle, as set forth in claim 6, wherein the receiver wire extends between a first set of core members and a second set of core members to generate magnetic flux through each set of core members;

and

wherein a polarity of the magnetic flux generated through the first set of core members is opposite a polarity of the magnetic flux generated through the second set of core members to induce electrical current through the receiver wire.

8. An electric vehicle, as set forth in claim 6, wherein the plurality of core members are arranged in an grid-like array having a plurality of columns;

wherein the receiver wire is woven back and forth between each adjacent pair of the plurality of columns of core members to generate magnetic flux through each of the plurality of core members; and

wherein a polarity of the magnetic flux generated through the core members in each of the plurality of columns is opposite a polarity of the magnetic flux generated through the core members in the respective adjacent column such that the magnetic flux generated through the plurality of core members induces electrical current through the receiver wire.

9. An induction charging system comprising:

a charging supply unit including;

at least one magnetic element;

a supply wire in electrical communication with said at least one magnetic element, wherein a first electrical current is transmitted through the supply wire and induces magnetic flux through said at least one magnetic element;

a power supply disposed in electrical communication with the supply wire, wherein the power supply supplies the first electrical current to the supply wire; and

an electric vehicle including a charging receiver unit, the charging receiver unit having;

a plurality of core members disposed in spaced relationship to one another, wherein each of the plurality of core members is aligned longitudinally with said at least one magnetic element;

a plurality of biasing devices, wherein each of the plurality of biasing devices longitudinally biases a respective one of the plurality of core members toward said at least one magnetic element such that magnetic flux is transmitted between said at least one magnetic element and the plurality of core members;

a receiver wire disposed in electrical communication with each of the plurality of core members, wherein magnetic flux in the plurality of core members induces electrical current in the receiver wire; and

an energy storage device disposed in electrical communication with the receiver wire, wherein the receiver wire transmits the second electrical current to the energy storage device.

10. An induction charging system, as set forth in claim 9, wherein the charging supply unit further includes a plate presenting a first surface;

and

wherein said at least one magnetic element is embedded within the plate.

11. An induction charging system, as set forth in claim 9, the charging receiver unit further having a housing defining a plurality of bores, wherein each of the plurality of bores extends to a respective ceiling;

wherein each of the plurality of core members is movably disposed in a respective one of the plurality of bores; and

wherein each of the plurality of biasing devices is disposed between the respective one of the plurality of core members and the corresponding ceiling such that each of the plurality of biasing devices reacts between the respective one of the plurality of bores and the respective ceiling to bias each of the respective one of the plurality of core members longitudinally away from the respective ceiling and toward said at least one magnetic element such that magnetic flux is transmitted between said at least one magnetic element and the plurality of core members.

12. An induction charging system, as set forth in claim 9, wherein the charging receiver unit is movable longitudinally away from the vehicle and toward said at least one magnetic element.

13. An induction charging system, as set forth in claim 12, further comprising an actuator operatively connected to the charging receiver unit and configured for moving the charging receiver unit longitudinally between an extended position and a retracted position;

wherein the extended position is away from the vehicle, in a direction toward said at least one magnetic element, and the retracted position, in a direction opposite said at least one magnetic element.

14. An induction charging system, as set forth in claim 9, wherein said at least one magnetic element is a plurality of magnetic elements disposed in spaced relationship to one another.

15. An induction charging system, as set forth in claim 14, wherein the plurality of core members are arranged in a first array and the plurality of magnetic elements are arranged in a second array.

16. An induction charging system, as set forth in claim 15, wherein the receiver wire extends between a first set of core members and a second set of core members such that magnetic flux flows between the plurality of core members and the plurality of magnetic elements to induce the first electrical current through the receiver wire;

and

wherein the magnetic flux flowing through the first set of core members is of opposite polarity to the magnetic flux flowing through the second set of core members.

17. An induction charging system, as set forth in claim 16, wherein the supply wire extends between a first set of magnetic elements and a second set of magnetic elements to generate magnetic flux through the plurality of magnetic elements;

and

wherein the magnetic flux generated through each of the first set of magnetic elements is of opposite polarity to the magnetic flux generated through each of the second set of magnetic elements such that the second electrical current flowing through the supply wire generates magnetic flux through the plurality of magnetic elements.

18. An induction charging system, as set forth in claim 15, wherein the plurality of the core members are arranged in a first grid-like array having a plurality of columns;

wherein the receiver wire is woven back and forth between each adjacent pair of the plurality of columns of the core members such that the magnetic flux flows between the plurality of core members and the plurality of magnetic elements to induce the first electrical current through the receiver wire; and

wherein the magnetic flux flowing through the core members in each of the plurality of columns is of opposite polarity to the magnetic flux flowing through the core members in the respective adjacent column.

19. An induction charging system, as set forth in claim 18, wherein the plurality of magnetic elements are arranged in a second grid-like array having a plurality of columns;

wherein the supply wire is woven back and forth between each adjacent pair of the plurality of columns of magnetic elements to generate magnetic flux through the plurality of magnetic elements; and

wherein the magnetic flux generated through each of the magnetic elements in each of the plurality of columns is of opposite polarity to the magnetic flux generated through each of the magnetic elements in the respective adjacent column such that the second electrical current flowing through the supply wire generates magnetic flux through the plurality of magnetic elements.

20. An induction charging system comprising:

a charging supply unit including;

a plurality of magnetic elements disposed in spaced relationship to one another;

a supply wire in electrical communication with each of the plurality of magnetic elements, wherein a first electrical current is transmitted through the supply wire and induces magnetic flux in each of the plurality of magnetic elements; and

an electric vehicle including a charging receiver unit, the charging receiver unit having;

a plurality of core members disposed in spaced relationship to one another, wherein each of the plurality of core members is aligned longitudinally with a respective one of the plurality of magnetic elements;

a plurality of biasing devices, wherein each of the plurality of biasing devices longitudinally biases a respective one of the plurality of core members toward a respective one of the plurality of magnetic elements such that magnetic flux is transmitted between each of the plurality of magnetic elements and the respective one of the plurality of core members;

a receiver wire disposed in electrical communication with each of the plurality of core members, wherein magnetic flux in the plurality of core members induces electrical current in the receiver wire.